论社会经济人

人是具有社会性的.作为经济学研究假设前提的经济人,不能只表示个体经济人,还必须要有对社会经济人的假设抽象.缺失社会经济人假设的经济学研究只能从社会经济中的个体出发分析和探讨人类的经济行为,在宏观经济领域的研究是难以展开的,因此迄今为止的宏观经济理论仍只是局限于解释经济个体之间的利益之争,而没有体现出更高层次上的对社会整体利益的理性思考和自觉维护.在这种状态下,已经进入21世纪的经济学主要的宏观经济理论,不仅不完全适用于像中国这样快速发展的发展中国家,就是在其提出的发达市场经济国家,也基本上不被政府的宏观调控接受为指导理论.因而,深化经济人研究,增加社会经济人假设,必将成为推动21世纪经济学理论创新的制高点.     

我国经济外部失衡的SVAR分析

通过构建一个SVAR模型并进行冲击分解,探讨了影响我国经济外部失衡的两个核心变量——经常账户和人民币汇率波动的结构性冲击及其传导机制。在进行冲击分解时,不仅考虑了宏观政策的冲击,也从微观上考虑了消费者的偏好冲击。最后得出的结论是,消费者的偏好冲击能够很好地解释我国经常账户的波动,货币冲击能够对人民币名义有效汇率的波动提供合理的解释,而风险溢价冲击能够解释这两个变量之间的相互关系。     

Learning to Argue with Intermediate Macro Theory: A Semester-Long Team Writing Project

The authors describe their experience with integrating a semester-long economic analysis project into an intermediate macroeconomic theory course. Students work in teams of “economic advisors” to write a series of nested reports that analyze the current state of the economy, and propose and evaluate policies for a decision-maker. The project simulates real-world policy consulting with an emphasis on applying economic theory and models. The authors describe the project setup and how to tailor its theme to current events, explain methods for keeping it manageable in larger classes, discuss student learning outcomes, and document course evaluation results. Besides improving the learning experience, this project prepares economics students to contribute their own views to policy debates and buttress them with tight macroeconomic reasoning.     

MONETARY AND FISCAL POLICIES INTERACTION IN MONETARY UNIONS

In this paper, the literature on the interaction between monetary and fiscal policies in a monetary union is surveyed. By adopting the concept of symbiosis as a starting point, the paper highlights the importance of uncertainty, policy makers' preferences and targets. Then, the role of commitment to policy rules and coordination is addressed. The analysis also focuses on the importance of the data considered for the generation of the policy mix. As a final step, the paper discusses the main results in the literature on public debt management in a monetary union. All the reported theoretical results are then adopted to retrieve policy and institutional implications for the European Monetary Union.     

中国经济转型中的资本市场机遇——基于“四维理论”的分析

考察美国、日本等国历史经验,结合对中国资本市场的研究和实践,本文提出用四维理论——即宏观大背景决定方向,产业小背景精确定位股票,技术分析决定交易时机,心理博弈决定投资成败为纬度的四维理论来分析资本市场。从宏观、产业、技术及心理角度综合分析,当前资本市场估值处于合理区域,未来存在较大潜力。     

China's macroeconomic stability – an empirical study based on survey data

A complete financial stability analysis should include investigation on macroeconomic stability since macroeconomic development and potential imbalance can increase the financial instability and trigger a financial crisis. Survey data of rating on China's macroeconomic stability is analyzed by estimating an ordered logit model with random effect. Among the candidate macroeconomic indicators, we found that inflation is the key variable that determines China's macroeconomic stability, followed by the change in budget balance and GDP growth gap.     

The exchange rate cycle in Argentina

This article discusses the secular volatility of output, inflation, the exchange rate, and poverty in Argentina. Inflation, currency devaluation and a wide gross domestic product (GDP) cycle have been recurrent problems in Argentina for several decades. The literature has extensively discussed those issues from different viewpoints. This study focuses on a relatively unexplored theme that may contribute to a partial explanation. It deals with the continuous tendency to equalize different profitabilities resulting, in turn, from remarkably different sectoral purchasing power parities. Thus, for any given exchange rate, an incessant tendency toward the equalization of profitabilities generates opposing inflationary and devaluatory pressures. The resulting inflation-devaluation cycle feeds income redistribution, GDP fluctuation, real exchange rate instability, and high levels of uncertainty.     

Oil-Price Shocks: Beyond Standard Aggregate Demand/Aggregate Supply Analysis

The author explores the problems of portraying oil-price shocks using the aggregate demand/aggregate supply model. Although oil-price shocks are the most commonly cited examples of aggregate supply shocks, they violate the model's assumption of constant relative prices (as acknowledged by the label, “oil-price shocks”). The resulting problems are effectively masked in textbook presentations by implicitly assuming that the supply shocks occur in a closed economy. However, the typical discussion is glaringly inaccurate when discussing the effects of oil-price shocks on oil-rich countries. Thus, the cogency of the standard model's representation of oil-price shocks on open economies is compromised. A simple modification of the model that differentiates between production and absorption goods enables it to better reflect the effects of oil-price shocks on open economies.     

On firm-level,industry-level,and aggregate employment fluctuations

Employment fluctuations are examined, at different levels of aggregation, in a model with firm-specific hiring decisions due to search frictions and sticky pricing. The results indicate that firm-level employment dispersion rises with higher price stickiness and higher demand elasticity, whereas it falls with more convexity of search costs and with a higher labor supply elasticity. Industry-level employment is more volatile and less procyclical than aggregate employment, and a larger industry size reduces volatility and raises co-movement with output. The calibrated model is able to match the volatility, autocorrelation and cyclical correlation of US industry-level employment when incorporating firm-specific technology shocks.     

Comparative Analysis of Thresholds of Non-Revolutionary Institutional Change: China and the United States in the 1980s

Ireland has experienced a series of interlocking banking, fiscal, unemployment, and political crises since 2007. We detail the challenges involved in modeling individual moments of the crisis through the lens of balance sheets and transactions matrices among sectors of the Irish society. We conclude with a series of recommendations for models of small open economies.