全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12975篇 |
免费 | 420篇 |
国内免费 | 186篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 1904篇 |
工业经济 | 510篇 |
计划管理 | 1593篇 |
经济学 | 3495篇 |
综合类 | 1596篇 |
运输经济 | 134篇 |
旅游经济 | 153篇 |
贸易经济 | 1325篇 |
农业经济 | 1114篇 |
经济概况 | 1757篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 51篇 |
2023年 | 265篇 |
2022年 | 192篇 |
2021年 | 323篇 |
2020年 | 542篇 |
2019年 | 402篇 |
2018年 | 341篇 |
2017年 | 491篇 |
2016年 | 421篇 |
2015年 | 439篇 |
2014年 | 755篇 |
2013年 | 1218篇 |
2012年 | 797篇 |
2011年 | 1030篇 |
2010年 | 800篇 |
2009年 | 803篇 |
2008年 | 911篇 |
2007年 | 786篇 |
2006年 | 749篇 |
2005年 | 529篇 |
2004年 | 386篇 |
2003年 | 294篇 |
2002年 | 220篇 |
2001年 | 222篇 |
2000年 | 141篇 |
1999年 | 92篇 |
1998年 | 63篇 |
1997年 | 60篇 |
1996年 | 41篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 25篇 |
1992年 | 21篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 21篇 |
1984年 | 27篇 |
1983年 | 22篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
11.
西方货币政策有效性理论综述 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
徐春雷 《石家庄经济学院学报》2002,25(2):150-152
本文从西方经济学家对市场是否出清和要素价格变化是否完全弹性观点得出的货币政策是否有效结合的角度,来论述货币政策有效性理论。 相似文献
12.
Ming-Shiun Pan 《The Financial Review》2001,36(1):23-38
The study examines the aggregate dividend behavior of U.S. corporations based on the permanent earnings hypothesis. Using annual data of aggregate earnings and dividends from 1871–1993, I find that although managers change dividends proportional to permanent earnings changes, they make revisions with a larger percentage change in dividends than in permanent earnings. The results from the post‐war data show that firms follow a partial adjustment policy with a long‐term dividend payout target in mind and make revisions with a delay. The quarterly data analysis yields results similar to those of the post‐war annual data. 相似文献
13.
This paper evaluates the two well-known final waste disposal methods, incineration and landfilling. In particular we compare the social cost of two best-available technologies using a point estimate based on private and environmental cost data for the Netherlands. Not only does our comparison allow for Waste-to-Energy incineration plants but for landfills as well. The data provide support for the widespread policy preference for incineration over landfilling only if the analysis is restricted to environmental costs alone and includes savings of both energy and material recovery. Gross private costs, however, are so much higher for incineration, that landfilling is the social cost minimizing option at the margin even in a densely populated country such as the Netherlands. Furthermore, we show that our result generalizes to other European countries and probably to the USA. Implications for waste policy are discussed as well. Proper treatment of and energy recovery from landfills seem to be the most important targets for waste policy. Finally, WTE plants are a very expensive way to save on climate change emissions. 相似文献
14.
农村剩余劳动力的就业问题 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在我国,农村大量剩余劳动力的存在是一个不容忽视的事实,本文对影响农村剩余劳动力就业因素进行了分析,认为解决问题的关键不仅在于农业和农村本身,还在于积极推进城市化,引导劳动力合理流动,发展劳动密集型的产业和中小企业。 相似文献
15.
16.
Modern national income accounting was designed in the early 20th century for the purpose of providing improved indicators about the performance of the economy so that government policy makers could better control the economy. The way that performance is measured affects the types of policies used to try to accomplish policy goals. Two attributes of national income accounting are analyzed for their effects on economic policy. First, government production is included in the national income accounts at cost, rather than at market value as private sector output is measured. This biases policy toward a larger public sector. Second, output is measured as a homogeneous dollar amount. This biases policy toward focusing on increasing quantities of inputs and outputs in the production process, rather than on innovation and entrepreneurship, which are the true engines of economic progress. Economic policy could be improved by focusing less on national income as an indicator of policy, and more on the underlying processes that foster economic progress. 相似文献
17.
由于各国经济发展水平、经济资源优势和经济国际化程度不同,各国都制定符合各自经济政策目标的国际投资税收政策,采取的税收优惠政策的侧重点也各不相同。跨国企业集团在制定投资战略时应注重分析各国引导投资的侧重点并充分加以利用,在投资战略选择中,必须慎重确定投资所在国的重点优惠项目或重点优惠地区,全面考虑投资国和投资所在国之间的国际税收协调性,正确认识资本投入量同税收负担与其他投资环境要素之间的关系。应以全球的观点进行国际化投资战略规划,以谋求集团整体税收负担的最小化和整体投资收益的最大化 相似文献
18.
J. Kol 《De Economist》2004,152(2):273-296
Jan Tinbergen's scientific writings cover six main areas of research. His articles in De Economist represent these areas; in some cases the contributions to De Economist were of a pioneering nature (business cycles, economic models, economic integration); in others De Economist was the first or even single outlet for Tinbergen's work. This article provides an overview of these contributions. The wide scope of Tinbergen's areas of research goes together with a unity in approach, the characteristics of which are: policy relevance, quantification and measurement, balance in analysis and presentation, and learning from experience. Tinbergen's articles in De Economist bear witness to this approach which at the time also met with scepticism and resistance as this overview shows. According to Houthakker, Tinbergen's main contribution may be that, amidst the pleas of interest groups and the slogans of the laity, an attempt is made that the voice of the professional economic researcher be heard. Tinbergen's work still sets an agenda for both economic research and policy making. 相似文献
19.
Abstract. Economists devote considerable energies towards refining their econometric techniques to overcome difficulties connected with conducting empirical research. Despite advances in technique. it is not clear whether further refinement in this direction is worthwhile for policy purposes. It may be that no further amount of statistical adjustment of inadequate data will increase understanding, and that better data is simply necessary to add to our knowledge. But rarely is sufficient credit paid to new forms of data. In short, econometric technique is emphasized to the neglect of data innovation, as if new data were merely lying about waiting for an ingenious suggestion for use. This paper surveys advances of the last twenty five years in estimating labour supply for policy purposes with a view towards appreciating the relative contribution of both improvements in econometric technique as well as developments of new data.
After briefly detailing the key parameters which economists have sought to estimate, we describe the early 'first generation' research (circa 1970), which is plagued by problems of unobservable variables, measurement errors, truncation and selectivity bias, and non linear budget constraints. 'Second generation' research constitute attempts to resolve one or more of these difficulties, and the respective contribution of econometric technique and new data is acknowledged and assessed, including the contribution of data generated by large scale social experiments in which participants are randomly assigned to different guaranteed income plans and their labour supply behaviour measured. 相似文献
After briefly detailing the key parameters which economists have sought to estimate, we describe the early 'first generation' research (circa 1970), which is plagued by problems of unobservable variables, measurement errors, truncation and selectivity bias, and non linear budget constraints. 'Second generation' research constitute attempts to resolve one or more of these difficulties, and the respective contribution of econometric technique and new data is acknowledged and assessed, including the contribution of data generated by large scale social experiments in which participants are randomly assigned to different guaranteed income plans and their labour supply behaviour measured. 相似文献
20.
During and after the Asian crisis, institutional investors and pension funds in Asian financial markets have been confronted with a number of difficulties effecting their performance and the way they carry out their role within the national pension system. We analyze these problems by comparing the actual investment policy of an institutional investor with an optimal investment strategy derived from the insights of modern portfolio theory. We also analyze whether the organizational set‐up of a pension fund allows it to adequately perform its role within the pension system. As an example, we examine the operations of the Thai Government Pension Fund (GPF). We find that allowing international investments and reducing restrictions on equity investments while lowering the implicit requirements for investments in government debt would allow the GPF to further diversify its investment risk and to increase its risk‐adjusted return. We also show that some changes in the governance structure of the GPF would lower the occurrence of conflicts of interest for the management and increase the efficiency of the GPF operations. 相似文献