The "Invisible Hand"

The argument of the "Invisible Hand" is that the system of free enterprise benefits society in general even though it is not the aim of any particular economic agent to do that. This article proposes an analysis of why this is so. The key is that the morality of the market forbids only force and fraud; it does not require people to do good to others. Nevertheless, when all transactions are voluntary to both parties, that is exactly what we can expect to happen. This is both because the sum of the benefits of innumerable transactions, which are beneficial to both parties, is very great, but also and especially because of Positive Externalities. People use the particular products and services they get in market exchanges in ways that benefit others in ways not at all foreseen by the agents to those transactions at the time. These externalities range from the benefits of invention and ingenuity to the exercise of charity and philanthropy, all of which flourish in developed capitalist societies.     

An Intertemporal CAPM Approach to Evaluate Mutual Fund Performance

Merton (1973) and Campbell (1993) have demonstrated that if an investor anticipates information shifts, he will adjust his portfolio choice today in an attempt to hedge these shifts. Exploiting these insights, we construct a new performance measure to evaluate fund managers' hedging ability. This new measure is different from two widely adopted performance evaluation measures: securities selectivity and market timing. Moreover, an econometric methodology is developed to simultaneously estimate the magnitudes of these three portfolio performance evaluation measures. The results show that mutual fund managers are on average with positive security selection and negative market timing ability. Furthermore, the mutual funds with investment style classified as Asset Allocation generally have positive hedging timing ability.     

内部资金转移价格在国内商业银行的应用研究

内部资金转移价格在商业银行中的作用是多重的，与商业银行的定价目标、市场风险管理目标以及收益目标息息相关，内部资金转移定价的方法也有很多。中国的商业银行在引入该管理工具时需要结合本银行阶段目标合理选择最切合实际的方法。受制于金融市场、组织架构、激励机制等影响因素，中国的商业银行在FTP运用上整体较落后，但已经具备实施较先进FTP的紧迫性和可行性。商业银行应逐步建立并理顺内部定价机制，提高定价能力，缩短内部转移价格因市场调整而进行决策的周期，加强价格信息披露，进一步强化会计系统中的利率管理功能。     

Daily mutual fund flows and redemption policies

We examine how redemption policies affect daily fund flows in open-end mutual funds. Since short-term trading of fund shares, as manifested in daily fund flows, can have an adverse impact on returns to the fund’s shareholders, mutual funds might find it desirable to discourage short-term trading through the use of redemption fees. However, if daily fund flows are due to fund shareholders’ legitimate liquidity demands, the redemption fee would have little effect on daily fund flows and possibly adversely affect fund shareholders by imposing a liquidity cost on them. We find that the likelihood of a fund charging a redemption fee is largely a function of its overall fee structure. We also use a sample of funds that imposed redemption fees to examine whether the distribution of daily fund flows changes after the initiation of the redemption fee. We find that the redemption fee is an effective tool in controlling the volatility of fund flows.     

内部资金转移价格在国内商业银行的应用研究

内部资金转移价格在商业银行中的作用是多重的,与商业银行的定价目标、市场风险管理目标以及收益目标息息相关,内部资金转移定价的方法也有很多.中国的商业银行在引入该管理工具时需要结合本银行阶段目标合理选择最切合实际的方法.受制于金融市场、组织架构、激励机制等影响因素,中国的商业银行在FTP运用上整体较落后,但已经具备实施较先进FTP的紧迫性和可行性.商业银行应逐步建立并理顺内部定价机制,提高定价能力,缩短内部转移价格因市场调整而进行决策的周期,加强价格信息披露,进一步强化会计系统中的利率管理功能.     

我国私募基金立法现状及展望

随着经济社会发展,我国居民财富快速增长,在此宏观背景下,私募基金发展迅速。但是与此不相协调的是,我国私募基金立法工作远远滞后于私募基金实践,立法数量少、层次低且不成体系,导致目前私募基金处于尴尬的法律灰色地带,严重制约了私募基金的健康发展。展望未来,私募基金必然成为居民理财的一大重要选择,因此应尽快制定私募基金法,从法律上确认私募基金的合法地位,规范私募基金的操作流程,加强对私募基金的监管。     

后危机时代海外共同基金业的发展

共同基金作为历史悠久、运作规范的主流投资品种,在资产管理行业中具有举足轻重的地位。在次贷危机对全球金融业产生严重冲击的背景下,全球共同基金业也未能独善其身。但随着危机热浪退去,海外共同基金业又重新显示出旺盛的生命力。本文梳理了2009年以来海外共同基金的发展状况,从规模、类型、申购、费率、交易自动化等多个角度进行深入分析,从而得出共同基金产业后危机时代呈现出的一些新特点,及其与全球金融市场之间的联动与契合。     

1999年度我院自然科学基金项目中标率高的几点思考

国家自然科学基金申报是科学性与艺术性高度结合的创造性劳动。高中标率背后离不开高效务实的科技管理。思想重视、措施得力、主攻目标明确，迎来了我院 1999年基金项目申报的大丰收。     

《金融工具确认和计量》准则对基金投资的影响

现行会计准则体系中《金融工具确认和计量》准则首次对金融工具的确认和计量做出了相关规定。本文分析了该准则对基金投资可能产生的影响，认为一方面公允价值计量模式将引起基金估值的变化，另一方面公允价值变动可能引起基金分红规模的扩大，这对基金投资者的影响是显而易见的。本文结合这两方面的影响对基金投资提出了相关建议。     

Why is timing perverse?

The existence of negative market timing, even for passive portfolios, poses a relevant puzzle when assessing portfolio management. In this paper, we develop a simple theoretical model so as to explain why such perverse market timing might occur and why those stocks with the lowest beta in upward markets exhibit pronounced negative timing. Our explanation is based on the existence of higher correlations of stocks in down markets than in up markets. We find that changes in beta, which drives timing, has four components; however, just two of these, mean covariance shift and covariances dispersion map, serve to explain the asymmetric behavior across stocks. We find that a high percentage of the negative market timing ability identified for mutual funds in the literature could be explained by this bias.