论我国利润表要素的设置和定义

本文分析了财政部新颁布的<企业会计准则第××号-基本准则>(征求意见稿)中利润表要素的设置和定义所存在的问题,并对我国利润表要素的进一步修改完善提出了建议.     

Computing welfare losses from data under imperfect competition with heterogeneous goods

We study the percentage of welfare losses (PWL) yielded by imperfect competition under product differentiation. When demand is linear, even if prices, outputs, costs and the number of firms can be observed, PWL is arbitrary in both Cournot and Bertrand equilibria. If in addition the elasticity of demand (resp. cross elasticity of demand) is known, we can calculate PWL in a Cournot (resp. Bertrand) equilibrium. When demand is isoelastic and there are many firms, PWL can be computed from prices, outputs, costs and the number of firms. We find that price–marginal cost margins and demand elasticities may influence PWL in a counterintuitive way. We also provide conditions under which PWL increases or decreases with concentration.     

国有资产流失的博弈分析

从博弈论视角分析,国有资产流失,是不同经济主体间利益冲突的一种博弈行为结果。从博弈扩展模型分析,表现为信息不对称下委托—代理双方为追求利益最大化而在消极心态下的非合作行为,以及代理方利用权力,在积极心态下追求最大利益的违规行为与委托方监督管理间的博弈均衡。应从激励机制、风险机制、约束机制、监督机制、配置机制等方面阻止国有资产流失。     

信贷损失准备计提的理论分析

本文在预期损失与损失准备概念的基础上,通过对贷款价值、预期损失与违约升水之间关系的分析提出了信贷损失准备计提的理论与方法,指出基于未来现金流量折现法的信贷准备计提方法更能反映贷款的真实价值。最后结合银行信贷损失准备计提的实践,对理论方法与实践中的作法进行了简要的评析。     

Using and Influence Level of Information to Explain the Non-consensus Process Loss

Much of the Group Support System (GSS) literature comparing GSS groups with manual groups has produced contrarian results. One of the more confusing is that GSS groups have a higher level of non-consensus than manual groups. Lack of consensus in GSS groups is considered to be a negative aspect of GSS. This paper argues that low levels of consensus are not necessarily harmful and should be expected given the assumptions about GSSs. This study uses an alternate measure to compare face-to-face groups with GSS groups; an influence level of information. Experimental results using an influence level of information show no difference between face-to-face group members and GSS group members. We discuss these implications, as well as additional directions for further consensus research.     

Banks' Use of Accounting Discretion and Regulatory Intervention: The Case of European Banks' Impairments on Greek Government Bonds

This paper analyzes troubled banks' use of accounting discretion and its interaction with regulatory intervention in a time of financial distress. We analyze impairment losses that Europe's largest banks recognized on Greek Government Bonds (GGB) during 2011, the time during which GGB were considered impaired. Our findings reveal considerable variation in the impairment ratios across banks. Banks with larger GGB exposures, for which a full impairment would deplete a large share of regulatory capital, recognize significantly lower impairment ratios. Furthermore, we find that troubled banks delay full impairments until state aid is provided. Troubled banks recognize significantly lower impairment ratios in the quarter before they are provided with state aid, but substantially increase their impairment ratios afterwards. This pattern is consistent with the notion that troubled banks initially understate impairments to conceal the full extent of their financial difficulties from less sophisticated non-regulator outsiders (e.g., depositors and the general public), which increases regulators' ability to practice forbearance by not intervening immediately.     

Do investors hold that they know? Impact of familiarity bias on investor’s reluctance to realize losses: Experimental approach

In this article we investigate the impact of familiarity bias on the individual investor’s reluctance to realize losses. Our experimental approach reveals a strong correlation between familiarity and disposition effect. We conducted 714 tests in which different respondents could sell stocks of two types – winners and losers. One group of respondents “owned” familiar assets and another group operated anonymous portfolios. The results of the experiment show that an individual investor’s tendency to ride losers too long is more than twice as high in the case of unfamiliar stocks as it is when assets are familiar to the holder.     

福建森林灾害经济损失研究

森林灾害是可以计量的经济损失。本文在对森林灾害损失的构成进行研究的基础上对福建省森林灾害的经济损失进行了评价。     

信用风险缓释工具对商业银行贷款定价之影响

本文基于我国上市公司的银行贷款数据,就信用风险缓释工具对商业银行贷款定价的影响进行了多视角的研究,发现只有抵押贷款和非抵押贷款的风险溢价间存在显著差异,且信用贷款和保证贷款的风险溢价显著小于抵押贷款。我国商业银行似乎对更高质量的风险缓释工具执行了较高的贷款利率,表明信用风险缓释工具在其贷款风险定价中未能得到应有的体现与反映。我国商业银行对抵押等工具的风险缓释作用的漠视,是与其特定的风险定价与激励机制有关;同时,基于供应链小企业融资中的过程控制等结构化设计等,讨论了如何降低抵押贷款风险溢价的方式和方法。     

中国会计师事务所内部治理:客户组合风险管理决策的实证检验

文章运用1998—2007年上市公司及会计师事务所的数据,首次实证检验了会计师事务所客户组合风险管理的最优策略,结果发现：就整体而言,事务所接受的新客户的风险最大值与诉讼损失显著正相关,2002年、2003年先后实施民事赔偿机制后依然正相关。但对审计阅历较长的审计师和上市年龄较长的客户而言,二者却显著负相关;与国外学者的发现不一致,事务所新客户数量与诉讼损失显著负相关,即事务所对客户取舍的依据是风险最大值而非均值。这说明,我国的民事赔偿机制亟待完善。