经济全球化与文化多样性

经济全球化的进程空前加速,它的产生和发展既是市场经济不断扩张的结果,也是民族、地域的历史不断走向世界历史的过程.各种文化和各个文明都是历史的产物,都有其自身的优缺点,都在不同的历史时期起过一定的作用,都是推动人类历史前进的合力之一,不存在一种十全十美或者一无是处的文明,所以应该以兼收并蓄的博大胸怀,推动人类文明不断进步.     

一种内力图的简便画法

内力图能清楚显示构件各截面内力大小和方向，在对构件进行强度校核时，内力图是最为关键的一步。而传统截面法计算很复杂，步骤十分烦琐。基于此，采用一种内力图的简便画法，避免复杂的计算，通过观察直接画出。     

从资产组合理论视角审视我国商业银行非利息收入的波动性

利用资产组合理论对我国12家商业银行1999年~2006年期间的样本数据进行分析,发现非利息收入存在较强的波动现象。一旦多样化收益锐减或者消失,非利息收入较强的波动性必然加剧整体收入水平的波动幅度,不利于商业银行的稳健经营。     

多元化折价与多元化溢价的稳健性：一个文献述评

自从Langand Stulz（1994）提出多元化折价以来，多元化折价与溢价的争论成为公司财务领域的焦点问题之一。但是，文献研究表明，多元化本身可能是中性的，多元化可能并不是产生折价的原因。本文对多元化折价与溢价的文献进行了归纳，认为多元化折价与溢价的稳健性取决于多元化赖以存在的条件，以及实证研究是否解决了内生性问题。今后的研究需要提高数据的可靠性、消除内生性、引入新的方法、嵌入制度和政治关联等因素。     

Computing optimal rebalance frequency for log-optimal portfolios in linear time

The pure form of log-optimal investment strategies are often considered to be impractical due to the inherent need for continuous rebalancing. It is however possible to improve investor log utility by adopting a discrete-time periodic rebalancing strategy. Under the assumptions of geometric Brownian motion for assets and approximate log-normality for a sum of log-normal random variables, we find that the optimum rebalance frequency is a piecewise continuous function of investment horizon. One can construct this rebalance strategy function, called the optimal rebalance frequency function, up to a specified investment horizon given a limited trajectory of the expected log of portfolio growth when the initial portfolio is never rebalanced. We develop the analytical framework to compute the optimal rebalance strategy in linear time, a significant improvement from the previously proposed search-based quadratic time algorithm.     

Determination of Executive Compensation in an Emerging Economy. Evidence from India

Most studies of the determination of executive compensation are based on the experience of developed countries, and mainly focus on Chief Executive Officer (CEO) compensation. Determination of board compensation is relatively ignored in the literature. This paper examines the effect of corporate governance, firm performance, and corporate diversification on the board, as well as CEO compensation and its components, in the context of an emerging economy-India-where a managerial market has yet to develop. Data for 462 firms for 1997-2002 in the Indian manufacturing sector have been used. This paper finds that board compensation largely depends on current- and past-year performance and diversification of the firm, whereas CEO compensation depends on current-year firm performance only. Among the personal attributes of the CEO, only in-firm experience has significant influence on CEO compensation. This finding contradicts the existing studies, where current- and past-year firm performance, as well as age, experience, and education of the CEO are important factors in determining CEO compensation.     

Venture capitalists' decision to withdraw: The role of portfolio configuration from a real options lens

When does a venture capital firm withdraw from an investment project prior to its completion? This study offers a real options view on this decision by examining the contingent effects of portfolio configuration. We explore how project withdrawal can be influenced by two distinct dimensions of portfolio configuration, portfolio focus in a strategic domain and portfolio diversity across multiple domains. The empirical analysis shows that while portfolio focus weakens the negative effect of industry‐level uncertainty on a venture capitalist's propensity to withdraw from a project, portfolio diversity strengthens the effect of uncertainty. This study informs current research on the boundary of real options theory and sheds light on the behavior of venture capitalists in financing entrepreneurship. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance effects of top management team demographic faultlines in the process of product diversification

Expanding into new product areas is an important part of the growth strategy of many firms, but there is still more to learn about how it affects firm performance. We believe that as the top management team (TMT) is responsible for coordinating product expansion, looking there can yield valuable clues. We argue that diversification entails significant additional information processing and that this strains top managerial resources. We hypothesize that task‐related faultlines within the TMT may help it cope with product expansion while bio‐demographic faultlines may hinder it. We find support for these hypotheses on a longitudinal sample of 2,730 expansion steps made by 61 German firms between 1985 and 2007: task related faultline strength increases performance when diversifying, while bio‐demographic faultline strength decreases it. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Search behavior of the diversified firm: The impact of fit on innovation

This paper provides a new approach to account for the relationship between diversification and innovation by integrating insights concerning strategic fit. We argue that the type of diversification strategy leads to greater innovation output when the appropriate technological search strategy is employed. Using a longitudinal study of the patenting activity of 258 manufacturing firms, we find that strategic fit is important for innovation output. More specifically, a related diversification strategy leads to greater innovation when firms use a narrow technological search strategy. In contrast, an unrelated diversification strategy leads to greater innovation when a broader technological search strategy is used. Implications for future research are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

集团化、多元化对金融服务产业组织的影响—以保险产业为例

鉴于集团化、多元化发展对金融服务产业组织可能产生的影响,本文以保险产业为例,采用１９９９ ～２０１０年８４家保险公司（集团）的数据,运用固定效应面板模型和格兰杰检验模型进行了实证分析。实证结果发现：中国保险产业不仅存在市场结构与竞争行为正相关、竞争行为与绩效负相关的单向关系,同时存在竞争行为与市场结构的双向因果关系;集团化经营与市场结构、绩效呈负相关关系,与竞争行为呈正相关关系,表明集团化虽未增加垄断程度但并没有带来更好的市场绩效;区域多元化和产品多元化对保险产业组织具有复杂的影响关系,范围经济和规模经济的存在依然是集团化发展的主要动因,但需要进一步完善市场竞争机制。