基于城市视角下新能源汽车产业技术创新效率评价

在能源和环境问题日益凸显的情况下,新能源汽车的发展无疑为我国汽车产业的发展提供了新 的契机。借鉴区域和产业技术创新效率评价研究范式,结合新能源汽车特点,论文有针对性 地选取评价指标,以11个新能源汽车主要推广城市创新数据为基础,在城市视角下应用主成 分分析与DEA的组合方法,定量评价了其技术创新效率。通过对投入产出数据的DEA有效性进 行对比分析,发现这11个城市的整体技术创新效率偏低,主要是受规模效率与纯技术效率交 叉作用影响,且普遍存在新产品开发投入冗余、研发支出投入过多、企业规模不合理和资源 利用效率不高等问题。最后根据分析结果进一步提出了对策建议。     

跨国公司转移定价研究

伴随全球经济一体化的进程加速,跨国企业集团应运而生,集团内部交易的转移定价问题突显。本文从现阶段跨国公司转移定价存在的问题及成因分析入手,建立了实现利润最大化集团目标的转移定价指标模型。并针对我国跨国企业集团现状进行探讨,提出相应的对策建议。     

Joint estimation of technical efficiency and production risk for multi-output banks under a panel data cost frontier model

This article generalizes production risk from a single output production function to a multiple output cost frontier, which is able to examine input-oriented technical efficiencies and production risk simultaneously in the context of a panel data. Furthermore, the joint confidence interval estimates for technical efficiencies are constructed by means of multiple comparisons with the best approach. Whether taking production risk into account or not offers quite dissimilar implications in terms of the average technical efficiency measure and the identification of multiple efficient banks achieving the optimal cost frontier. It is suggested that inferences drawn on the basis of the confidence intervals of technical efficiency provide much more fruitful and insightful information than the point estimation alone. Bank specific risk parameters are found to be highly and positively correlated with fixed-effect estimates, implying that the more risk-averse a bank is, the more technically efficient it will be.

二手房价格评估系统设计与研究

针对二手房交易过程中普遍存在的买卖双方信息不对称的问题,设计了一套基于B/S层次化结构的二手房价格评估系统。该系统首先通过网络爬虫从二手房网站收集公开的实时性数据信息,随后对这些数据进行预处理并建立层级化数据库。随后通过非参数回归算法对二手房价格进行评估。实验证明,本系统能够为购房者提供综合、直观的二手房趋势信息,并进行较为准确的估价。对于购房者以及售房者的决策都具有重要的参考价值。     

The relationship between information technology capability,inventory efficiency,and shareholder wealth: A firm-level empirical analysis

Inventories represent an important strategic resource for firms, with implications for shareholder wealth. As such, firms expend considerable effort in managing their inventories efficiently. Among other factors, information technology (IT) capability can play an important role in enabling inventory efficiency and financial performance. However, insight into the chain-of-effects linking IT capability, inventory efficiency, and stock market returns and risk remains limited. In this paper, we provide a conceptual model outlining the relationships between these constructs. Next, we evaluate the model using secondary information on firms from multiple industries across the 10-year time period of 2000–2009. Our analysis confirms that firms’ IT capability plays a significant role in enhancing their inventory efficiency, which, in turn, is observed to increase stock market returns. Our results also reveal that firms’ IT capability directly reduces their stock market risk and enhances their stock market returns. Taken together, these findings, along with the conceptual model that we advance, have important research and managerial implications.     

An Investigation of the Relation between Cooperation Intensity and the Innovative Success of German Regions

Abstract

Concepts like regional innovation systems, innovative milieu and learning regions emphasise the positive contribution of intra-regional cooperation to firms’ innovation performance. This claim is, however, primarily backed by qualitative evidence, as few studies test this issue with quantitative approaches. Using data on co-application and co-invention of patents for 270 German labour market regions, this study shows that cooperation intensity and regions’ innovation efficiency are empirically associated in a negative way. This particularly concerns missing or very extensive inter-regional cooperation. In contrast, medium intensities of regional cooperation have rather positive effects.     

Structuring incentives to elicit work effort during the process of industrialization: evidence from Vietnamese businesses

Industrial advancements in developing economies have brought with them the primacy of discretionary tasks over simple tasks in production. Differing characteristics of these separate types of tasks may require distinct incentive mechanisms to elicit work effort from employees. Using the data collected from 954 blue-collar production workers, this study examines changes in incentive mechanisms with industrial advances by testing the relative validity of major motivation models between low- and high-skill industries in Vietnam. Our results indicate that the gift exchange model gains ascendancy over the mainstream economic model as developing economies upgrade their industrial structures.     

Hyperbolic Efficiency and Parametric Distance Functions: With Application to Spanish Savings Banks

Distance functions are gaining relevance as alternative representations of production technologies, with growing numbers of empirical applications being made in the productivity and efficiency field. Distance functions were initially defined on the input or output production possibility sets by Shephard (1953, 1970) and extended to a graph representation of the technology by Färe, Grosskopf and Lovell (1985) through their graph hyperbolic distance function. Since then, different techniques such as non parametric-DEA and parametric-SFA have been used to calculate these distance functions. However, in the latter case we know of no study in which the restriction to input or output orientation has been relaxed. What we propose is to overcome such restrictiveness on dimensionality by defining and estimating a parametric hyperbolic distance function which simultaneously allows for the maximum equiproportionate expansion of outputs and reduction of inputs. In particular, we introduce a translog hyperbolic specification that complies with the conventional properties that the hyperbolic distance function satisfies. Finally, to illustrate its applicability in efficiency analysis we implement it using a data set of Spanish savings banks.     

英语课堂如何通过提问提高教学效率

提问是一种古老的教学技能,它的历史比班级授课制要久远,几乎是自有教育开始就有提问存在。恰当的课堂提问不仅能巩固知识,激发学生学习兴趣,启迪学生思维,发展学生的心智技能和口头表达能力,丰富学生的认知结构,而且通过师生、学生之间的对话还能够发现问题,创造性地解决问题。而英语课堂尤其需要通过提问来提高学生的学习兴趣和教师的教学效率。文章从提问的策略、方法入手,探讨如何在英语课堂中巧妙地设计提问来提高教学效率,从而达到师生双赢。     

Operating efficiency in Chinese universities: An extended two-stage network DEA approach

The result shows that it accepts the null hypothesis. Namely, there is no significant difference in the operating efficiency of universities in different regions. That is to say, although the efficiency of the central and western universities is slightly better than that of the eastern universities in terms of the average efficiency, there is no significant efficiency difference among the eastern, central, and western regions statistically. Therefore, it shows a balanced development trend for the efficiency of universities in different regions.