人民币汇率的非均衡分析与汇率制度的宏观效率

在现行制度背景下 ,本文从我国外汇市场经济主体微观行为出发 ,建立了我国的外汇需求和供给函数 ;进而分析了市场的均衡和非均衡态势 ,讨论了人民币汇率稳定运行态势后面的微观行为原因。分析发现 :1 .人民币汇率的非均衡是必然的和经常的 ,不能形成市场均衡汇率。在此背景下形成的现实汇率势必是扭曲的汇率 ,由此导致外汇资源的配置扭曲以及相应的真实资源配置扭曲。 2 .在汇率的稳定和调节机制上 ,当前汇率制度类似于“可调整的盯住汇率制” ,我国汇率制度因此具有固定汇率制的特征 ,但不具备固定汇率制的汇率稳定机制———稳定的汇率预期。 3 .现行汇率制度构成对汇率政策的严重制约 ,调节国际收支不得不倚重于直接管制政策的运用 ;货币政策丧失了独立性 ,加剧宏观经济的波动。这种低效率表明 ,我国当前汇率制度及其微观市场安排急待改革。     

金融控股公司组织效率的比较分析

金融控股公司、全能银行和战略联盟三者相比,金融控股公司和战略联盟的负向范围效率一般小于全能银行;金融控股公司的正向范围效率一般弱于全能银行而强于战略联盟.总体上,金融控股公司比战略联盟具有范围效率优势.     

深化高校财务改革的初步实践

近年来,安徽工业大学在深化财务改革、规范财务管理、开展增收节支等方面进行了一系列有效的尝试 与实践,提高了教育经费的使用效益,促进了全校各项工作目标的实现。     

把握政策科学 提高政府效率

提高政府效率是我国应对加入WTO带来机遇与挑战的重要环节。政策科学是政府行政的重要理论基础，政府效率首先取决于政策的科学性，政策的有效执行是提高政府效率的关键，政策评估间接促进政府效率提高。各级政府都应加强对于政策科学的研究和掌握，更好地实现有效率的政府管理。     

人力资本投资对技术效率省际差异的实证研究

大量的实证研究表明,人力资本积累可以提高经济系统的运行效率和技术效率,从而在现代经济增长中具有重要的作用。文章运用随机前沿分析模型实证分析了人力资本投资对我国技术效率变化的具体影响。分析结果指出,我国人力资本投资对各省份的技术效率呈较强的相关性,加大人力资本的投入力度可显著提高我国技术效率的水平。     

"纳税评估"理论基础及其指标体系研究

纳税评估工作是税收征管体系的核心内容。在充分考察国外成熟的纳税评估理论与方法研究基础上，探讨纳税评估在税收管理理论和实务中的枢纽作用和基础地位。最后构建了纳税评估指标体系，提出纳税评估工作今后的发展方向。     

Interest-only and principal-only mortgage strips as interest-rate contingent claims

Interest-only (IO) and principal-only (PO) mortgage strips are valued in a stochastic interest-rate environment. The prepayment rate of the underlying mortgages is affected by two considerations not present in the pure financially rational model: (1) The property owner's holding period is assumed to follow a Gamma distribution, resulting in the possibility of prepayment due to the sale of the property (i.e., prepayment that is too early based on market interest rates); and (2) borrowers are assumed to face heterogeneous transaction costs related to refinancing the existing mortgage, and delay refinancing when market conditions make it optimal to do so (refinancing too late). Properties of IO/PO strips are identified by the finite difference method.     

The Effects of Megamergers on Efficiency and Prices: Evidence from a Bank Profit Function

This paper examines the efficiency and price effects of mergers by applying a frontier profit function to data on bank megamergers. We find that merged banks experience a statistically significant 16 percentage point average increase in profit efficiency rank relative to other large banks. Most of the improvement is from increasing revenues, including a shift in outputs from securities to loans, a higher-valued product. Improvements were greatest for the banks with the lowest efficiencies prior to merging, who therefore had the greatest capacity for improvement. By comparison, the effects on profits from merger-related changes in prices were found to be very small.     

Economic Risk Factors and Commercial Real Estate Returns

A great deal of research has focused on the links between stock and bond market returns and macroeconomic events such as fluctuations in interest rates, inflation rates, and industrial production. Although the comovements of real estate and other asset prices suggests that these same systematic risk factors are likely to be priced in real estate markets, no study has formally addressed this issue. This study identifies the growth rate in real per capita consumption, the real T-bill rate, the term structure of interest rates, and unexpected inflation as fundamental drivers or state variables that systematically affect real estate returns. The finding of a consistently significant risk premium on consumption has important ramifications for the vast literature that has examined the (risk-adjusted) performance of real estate, for it suggests that prior findings of significant abnormal returns (either positive or negative) that have ignored consumption are potentially biased by an omitted variables problem. The results also have important implications for dynamic asset allocation strategies that involve the predictability of real estate returns using economic data.