运用GAHP法建立研发人员绩效考评体系

本文运用群体层次分析法(GAHP)结合研发人员自身的特点,建立多级研发人员绩效考评体系,运用Hadamard凸组合集结判断矩阵,解决了考评体系制定过程中受决策者主观偏好影响较大,考评指标难以定量描述的问题。并结合该体系在一家企业的应用,说明了其在研发人员绩效考评方面应用的有效性。     

The Unintended Consequences of the Frequency of PCAOB Inspection

After more than 50 years of self‐regulation of the US auditing profession, the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) as a quasi‐governmental entity with statutory authority to inspect accounting firms that audit public clients. The frequency of this inspection is annual or triennial, based upon the number of public clients the firm audits. We examine the effects of these two levels of inspection frequency on financial reporting quality and audit fees for clients of small and midsize public accounting firms. Our findings provide evidence of significantly higher audit quality and audit fees for clients of annually inspected firms relative to clients of triennially inspected firms. These findings are robust to auditor‐client alignment analyses, propensity score matching, time‐series analyses, examination of firms that have changed from triennial to annual inspection, and particular examination of firms with inspection deficiencies. Overall, our study suggests that the two‐tier frequency system of PCAOB inspection may have also resulted in two‐tier audit quality and audit fee systems for small and midsize public accounting firms, with more frequent inspection leading to more rigorous and informed auditor decisions. We discuss the implications of our results for the Board and the profession at large.     

关于重大工程编制移民安置规划并建立监测制度的思考

在移民安置量较大的建设工程准备阶段和实施阶段,可以考虑参照工程建设审批程序和实施过程中的质量监理制度,建立规范的移民安置规划审批制度和移民安置监测制度.移民安置规划制度从程序和内容对移民安置准备工作提出具体要求.对移民安置的实施要引入独立的外部监测机构,对安置工作进行监测评估.     

公务出国考察的冷思考

近年来公务出国已成愈演愈烈之势,然而无论是制度安排还是干部个人的胆大妄为,将出国考察视为旅游福利,都是公权滥用的表现。因此我国应当从根本上查找原因,对公务出国考察建立一套有效的评估机制,实行最严格的限制和管理,从而有效的规制变相考察所造成的对国家财政收入的滥用。     

国际工程项目宏观风险评价研究

随着我国建筑总承包企业实力不断加强,中国建筑总承包企业在国际市场上占据越来越重要的角色,然而,国际工程给我国带来巨大利润的同时,也使其面临着巨大的风险。通过综合考虑国际承包企业的跨国际运作,基于建筑总承包企业可能面临的企业自身技术管理能力、国际政治、国际金融环境、人文地理等风险因素,构建了系统的国际工程宏观风险评价指标体系,给出了国际工程宏观风险评价方法,对国际承包商从事国际工程承包战略决策、规避宏观风险提供一定的借鉴意义。     

Linking forestry, sustainability and aesthetics

In forest planning, little research has been devoted towards examining how visual-impact assessment can improve the public acceptance of forest activities and augment forest sustainability. The objective of the present work is to review the methods of aesthetic assessment of forest landscapes, which will help the implementation of visual-impact assessment in sustainable forestry. From the numerous techniques of landscape evaluation that have been devised in recent years, the expert approach techniques have dominated in environmental management practices and the perception-based approach in research. The non-market economic valuation techniques are essentially trade-off methods and not aesthetic assessments by themselves. Revealed preference methods, such as hedonic-price, use actual market choices of individuals to get their preferences towards non-market attributes, and stated preference methods, such as contingent valuation method, rely on surveys to get directly the individual's willingness to pay for the non-market attributes. Psychophysical preference modelling is a popular quantitative holistic technique of landscape evaluation and if used in combination with indirect aesthetic evaluation methods might create new standards and protocols for techniques of objectively estimating public perception of aesthetic quality and thus to enhance social sustainability in forest space.     

交通建设项目社会经济环境影响评价指标体系研究

根据交通建设项目社会经济环境影响评价的内涵,从社会环境、经济环境、美学及历史学环境三方面设置指标体系,并探讨了指标的表达方式和估算方法。     

山一生态村建设的成绩与思考

山一村自８０年代初建设生态村以来，在控制人口增长，美化。改善生态环境等方面取得了令人瞩目的成绩。然而由于各种原因使资源的多层次利用没有取得突破性的进展。对此，笔者提出要加强实用高效多种生态技术的研究。     

A decision analytic approach for technology portfolio prioritization: aviation safety applications

A decision analytic approach for evaluating new aviation safety products and technologies is developed and demonstrated to consolidate five existing program assessment metrics to develop a unified metric that simultaneously considers the relative importance and contribution of each. This allows for a meaningful and objective evaluation and comparison of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Aviation Safety Program (AvSP) advanced aeronautical products and technologies. The resulting decision model is referred to as the Composite Program Assessment Score (CPAS). The CPAS includes the five existing metrics; technical development risk, implementation risk, fatal accident rate reduction, safety benefits and cost, and safety risk reduction, which are each defined and quantified by different sources. The CPAS involves the scaling and combination of these individual metrics. In this paper, two alternative combinatorial modeling approaches to calculate the CPAS are presented. The weighted sum model and an additive value theory model are compared and contrasted. The resulting CPAS metrics allow an overall comparison of all 48 of the NASA AvSP products and technologies. Currently CPAS is based on preliminary weight measures from subject matter experts to reflect the relative importance of each metric. Actual case studies of both linear and non‐linear value functions are demonstrated.     

Introducing a Learning Portfolio in an Undergraduate Financial Accounting Course

This paper evaluates changes made to the internal assessment component of a third year financial accounting course at a university in New Zealand. A learning portfolio was designed to supplement existing coursework. The aim was to engender in students a deep rather than a surface approach to learning. As a record of the students' learning, the learning portfolio was an attempt to produce an innovative development in the assessment of what was a traditionally taught financial accounting course. Within their learning portfolios, students were required to complete a number of tasks, each aimed at improving critical thinking skills and creativity. Students were also required to maintain a personal or reflective section aimed at personalising and deepening the quality of their learning.