Mismatch between Material Deprivation and Income Poverty: The Case of Turkey

By employing cross-sectional data obtained from Survey of Income and Living Conditions for the years from 2007 to 2011, we analyze the identification problem of the poor by using both monetary and non-monetary measures. We classify the poor into the following categories: (i) poor in monetary and nonmonetary measures, (ii) poor in monetary measure only, (iii) poor in non-monetary measure only, and (iv) non-poor in both categories. We examine the determinants of each category by utilizing the probit model and find that the share of workers in adults — or the share of informal or agricultural workers — creates some disparities between poverty at a country and regional level.     

Technological character,function type,and the longevity of standardized knowledge

This study seeks to determine the validity of the current de jure standards management system. The de jure standard is an important tool for innovation policy. However, its review interval has been fixed in the management system and maintained without the use of empirical analysis to guide its development. Therefore, this study (1) examines the factors that affect the longevity of the standards, and (2) outlines methods for improving how the de jure standards are managed. Results indicate that design and mark standards influence the longevity of standardized knowledge. This is notable, given that design for innovation is an emerging area of research that is commonly studied through the analysis of design patent data. Taken together, this study’s major findings are twofold. First, different technological categories have significantly different effects on longevity. Because the longevity of some technological sectors is naturally longer than others, there exists a need for a more flexible interval system. Second, the longevity of the mark and design standard is longer than the longevity of other types of standards. Both developing and developed countries utilize the de jure standard, so the policy implications of these findings are widely applicable.     

云南农业合作经济组织规范发展探析

云南省农业合作经济组织最早产生于20世纪80年代中期。近年来,在各级党委、政府及农业相关部门的共同支持和努力下,云南农业合作经济组织发展迅速,成效显著。然而,整体上,云南农业合作经济组织的发展仍然处于起步阶段,存在思想认识不统一、财务会计制度缺失、融资渠道单一、运行管理缺乏合力等诸多不规范问题。为此,应以《农民专业合作社法》的颁布实施为契机,通过加强宣传与培训、建立健全政策法规、完善运行机制等措施,推进云南农业合作经济组织的规范发展。     

Regulatory effects on the market penetration and capacity of reliability differentiated service

This paper investigates the effects of alternative forms of regulation on the market penetration and capacity that are determined by a profit-maximizing monopolist providing reliability differentiated service to consumers. Both price cap and rate of return regulation lead to larger capacity and market penetration than in the absence of regulation. These forms of regulation also lead to larger consumer surplus than in the absence of regulation. A minimum reliability standard reduces market penetration, and this reduction may lead to a decrease in consumer surplus.      

Using inverted Engel curves to estimate material standards of living in a household

This article demonstrates how to estimate latent total consumption expenditure or material standard of living in households by inverting estimated Engel curves. While the conventional estimator, total purchase expenditure, is unbiased for latent total household consumption expenditure, it is not variance minimizing since it is an un-weighted sum. In two stages, this article derives a variance-minimizing, unbiased estimator by first estimating and inverting Engel curves; then combining the estimators from the inverted Engel curves. The employed latent variable method allows for utilization of non-expenditure relations. The suggested method may help improve the accuracy in studies of consumption inequality and tax evasion.      

潜规则对会计准则制度变迁的演化博弈分析

会计准则变迁是一种动态演化博弈,强调的是一种动态均衡。会计准则制定过程实际就是利益各方实现动态均衡的过程。潜规则在我国经济改革和制度转轨方面起着重要作用,本文基于演化博弈论分析框架,分析了潜规则对会计准则演化博弈的影响,认为初始条件和当前状态对会计准则的产生和演化有着重要作用。     

Certification and minimum quality standards when some consumers are uninformed

We compare certification to a minimum quality standard (MQS) policy in a duopolistic industry where firms incur quality-dependent fixed costs and only a fraction of consumers observe the quality of the offered goods. Compared to the unregulated outcome, both profits and social welfare would increase if firms could commit to producing a higher quality. An MQS restricts the firms׳ quality choice and leads to less differentiated goods. This fuels competition and may therefore deter entry. A certification policy, which awards firms with a certificate if the quality of their products exceeds some threshold, does not restrict the firms׳ quality choice. In contrast to an MQS, certification may lead to more differentiated goods and higher profits. We find that firms are willing to comply with an ambitious certification standard if the share of informed consumers is small. In that case, certification is more effective from a welfare perspective than a minimum quality standard because it is less detrimental to entry.     

功能性纺织品的评价与标准化

文章对功能性纺织品的种类及评价方法进行了分类分析,提出了建设功能性纺织品标准体系框架,探讨了纺织品功能性评价中的若干问题。     

长输管道工程竣工资料管理工作分析

文章通过结合自身工作的实际情况,分析了在竣工资料管理工作中存在的问题,并对相关问题提出了解决方案,在实践中取得了较好的效果,一定程度上解决了竣工资料管理工作中出现的问题,达到了资料编制及时、规范的目的。     

我国危险货物运输标准体系及几个重要问题

文章就我国危险货物基础标准及标准体系间的渊源及发展进行探讨,结合现行危险货物和危险化学品标准的基本状况,就其修订和使用中的一些重要原则和关键问题提出建议。