对房地产开发项目成本控制的思考

房地产开发项目成本控制是房地产开发企业永恒的主题。它涉及到开发项目前期策划、规划、设计、施工、销售等环节。文章分析了房地产开发项目各阶段的成本费用的特点,结合本公司具体实例,提出了针对不同时期具体成本费用的控制措施。     

A Note on Affordability and the Optimal Share Price

Despite the increase in institutional ownership, decreased trading costs, and increased real personal savings, we find that the average stock price is lower today than it was in the 1920s. In the aggregate, the propensity to split is a function of recent market performance, personal savings, and the desirability of appearing to be a small firm. Our results indicate that, after decades of inflation and the average stock price falling, splitting stocks to return to an affordable trading range must be rejected as an explanation. This suggests that other economic forces are behind splits, whether traditional or behavioral in nature.     

Tax and the Crisis*

Did taxation play any role in precipitating the financial crisis? Are there lessons to be drawn for future tax reform priorities? This paper reviews the main channels by which tax effects might have been felt and which may require forceful attention. These include in particular the large tax biases favouring debt finance and, in some countries, investment in housing. The complexities of national tax codes, and the international interaction between them, have, moreover, encouraged the use of complicated financial instruments and international tax planning, reducing transparency. Tax distortions did not cause the crisis – in the sense that there are no obvious tax changes likely to have triggered it – but they may well have contributed by leading to higher leverage and more complexity than would otherwise have been the case. Most of these distortions have long been a source of concern, but dealing with them may be more important than previously supposed.     

Inflation Expectations and Risk Premiums in an Arbitrage‐Free Model of Nominal and Real Bond Yields

Differences between yields on comparable‐maturity U.S. Treasury nominal and real debt, the so‐called breakeven inflation (BEI) rates, are widely used indicators of inflation expectations. However, better measures of inflation expectations could be obtained by subtracting inflation risk premiums (IRP) from the BEI rates. We provide such decompositions using an affine arbitrage‐free model of the term structure that captures the pricing of both nominal and real Treasury securities. Our empirical results suggest that long‐term inflation expectations have been well anchored over the past few years, and IRP, although volatile, have been close to zero on average.     

Capital budgeting, information timing, and the value of abandonment options

This paper investigates how an abandonment option influences the optimal timing of information in a sequential adverse selection capital budgeting model. While the divisional manager has imperfect private pre-contract information, headquarters can time whether the manager obtains perfect project information before (timely information) or after (delayed information) the contract is signed. In the absence of the abandonment option, headquarters favors timely (delayed) information if the investment costs are high (low). The presence of the abandonment option favors delayed information because under the timely information regime the value of the abandonment option is zero, whereas under the delayed information regime the value of the option is positive.     

Reversing course: Competing technologies,mistakes, and renewal in flat panel displays

Research summary: The study explores renewal in a novel but understudied context—an era of ferment with competing technological options. It focuses on IBM's transition from market leadership in a failed path (plasma) to leadership in the emerging dominant technology (LCD) in the 1980s. Interviews and internal documents offer two primary factors explaining renewal at IBM. First, IBM Research had a hybrid structure that captured the benefits of both centralized and decentralized R&D. Second, middle managers shaped senior management cognitive frames to focus on business‐related issues instead of specific technical issues, thus bypassing biases often resulting from failure. The study offers an integrated framework on what facilitates flexibility at the technology, organization, and decision‐making levels. This flexibility helps firms survive a turbulent era of ferment. Managerial summary: Firms facing technological uncertainty may need to recover from unlucky bets. But responding to failure is politically and organizationally difficult. This study explores how IBM recovered from its failed bet on plasma displays to lead the LCD display market. This study identifies six key factors, highlighting two. First, IBM's researchers received centralized funding, but could also receive funding directly from division managers. This structure helped preserve options and variety. Second, internal LCD champions focused on the business case for displays and not technology. This fostered technology agnosticism and helped avoid managerial biases from failure. For managers looking to use real options to maintain flexibility in an uncertain environment, this study offers clear suggestions related to design and decision making that can foster flexibility. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

论房地产泡沫预警系统

明确了房地产泡沫预警系统的涵义与特征,阐述了房地产泡沫预警系统的功能与作用,提出了房地产泡沫预警系统的设计构想,以期能对完善房地产泡沫预警系统理论研究与防范我国的房地产泡沫有所裨益。     

房地产品牌战略的难点及误区

目前,房地产市场僧多粥少、竞争日益激烈,使得众多的房地产企业将品牌战略作为斩关夺隘的法宝,但在品牌的认识上和实施品牌战略的过程中,存在着相当的难点和误区,这对品牌的创立危害极大,只有深刻认识品牌的内涵,在对误区深刻认识的基础上,采取有效措施,才能最终成为真正的品牌。     

我国物流地产的运营模式与发展趋势分析

文中从当前物流地产的现状入手,分析了物流地产的价值所在以及兴起原因,并通过分析我国物流地产发展模式和SWOT体系,总结了物流地产的发展趋势。     

模糊综合评价法在房地产项目风险评价中的应用

房地产开发投资本身所特有的性质,使之表现出很大的风险性,尤其近期国家对房地产行业的调控政策层出不穷,使投资者面临较大的投资风险。文章通过模糊综合评价法对一房地产投资项目进行风险评价,来介绍该方法在房地产投资领域的应用情况,对投资者进行科学决策有一定的指导意义。