资本监管对商业银行风险承担的影响机理

以中国银监会于2012年发布的枟商业银行资本管理办法(试行)枠为依据,探讨商业银行资本水平变动对其风险承担能力的影响机理. 具体来说,即在愈益严格的资本监管下,资本充足率的提高对商业银行风险承担水平的影响. 在理论研究的基础上,构建了资本与风险的联立方程模型,选取63家商业银行在2006~2013年间的相关数据,运用三阶段最小二乘法(3SLS)检验资本监管对商业银行风险承担的影响程度,认为中国资本监管对商业银行风险承担水平的影响基本有效,应进一步加强和完善资本监管制度.     

绿色金融之于商业银行风险承担是“双刃剑”吗——基于中国银行业的准自然实验研究

基于中国股份制银行、城市商业银行和农村商业银行2005~2017年面板数据，使用双重差分模型实证考察绿色信贷对商业银行风险承担的影响。研究结果表明：在短期内，商业银行开展绿色信贷业务会增加其破产概率，但是，基于动态性检验可发现，绿色信贷对商业银行风险承担具有滞后的正效应；绿色信贷对商业银行风险承担的影响具有明显的异质性；政治级别越高的商业银行开展绿色信贷对其风险承担的影响越大；相对于非上市银行，上市银行开展绿色信贷对其风险承担的影响更大。此外，没有证据表明农村商业银行与城市商业银行开展绿色信贷对其风险承担有显著的差异。     

企业融资约束、风险承担与企业创新——基于风险承担的中介效应

将融资约束、企业风险承担与企业创新三者纳入同一研究框架,以2012—2018年中国沪深A股上市企业为样本,对融资约束、风险承担与企业创新三者间的相互关系及风险承担在两者间的中介作用进行实证研究.研究表明:融资约束与企业创新显著负相关;企业风险承担与企业创新呈显著正相关;融资约束与企业风险承担呈显著负相关;企业风险承担在融资约束与企业创新之间的关系中起着部分中介作用,即融资约束通过影响企业风险承担水平,进而对企业创新产生影响.     

利率与银行风险承担行为的实证分析

作为货币政策传导机制中的重要中介指标,利率对银行风险承担的影响形式和路径因各国经济金融制度不同而存在差异。以中国银行业为研究对象,选择16家上市银行为样本,就2002~2013年间利率对其风险承担行为的影响进行实证分析。研究结果表明:不良贷款率而不是风险资产比率更适合衡量银行风险承担行为;利率水平与不良贷款率之间的确存在着显著的反向变化关系;银行风险具有动态性和延续性;银行异质性与利率的交互作用尚没有对银行风险产生显著影响。     

Determinants of bank cost efficiency in transition economies: evidence for Latin America,Central and Eastern Europe and South-East Asia

In this study, we adopt Wang’s (2002) heteroscedastic stochastic frontier model, which allows us to investigate bank cost efficiency and to measure the marginal effects of some variables on both the level and the variability of inefficiency. In recent years, the financial crisis has significantly affected the banking systems of the transition countries. Hence, the efficiency is of major importance for the stability of the banks. Regarding the determinants of efficiency, we find evidence that banks that follow a more cautious strategy, characterized by lower risk appetite and average expectations on profitability, have higher cost efficiency. We also find that traditional deposit-taking and loan-making still remain the most efficient activity of the banks. Additionally, the results showed that a higher Gross Domestic Product growth rate implies an increase in the inefficiency level, indicating an unsustainable bank management behaviour, which in periods of economic growth adopts policies that can generate inefficiency in order to gain market share and to obtain higher bonuses. Country cost efficiency results show significant differences. The banking systems in transition countries in South Eastern Asia appear to have a higher cost efficiency level. Also, the effects of the financial crisis were less significant in this region.     

The roles of personality and general ethical judgments in intention to not repay credit card expenses

There are no ‘card slaves’ but only cardholders who cannot meet their obligations. Recently, the issue that people are plagued by huge credit card debt has become more serious in Taiwan. This study proposed a model linking personality traits (locus of control (LOC) and risk-taking propensity), general ethical judgments regarding credit card use, and behavioral intention to not repay credit card expenses. External LOC and risk-taking propensity can predict intention to not repay through ethical judgments. Furthermore, external LOC can directly affect the intention. The model has been empirically justified by using the data collected from 448 credit cardholders in Taiwan (at least 20 years old). Those with ethical judgments of actively benefiting from illegal activities or passively benefiting at the expense of others tend to have an intention to not repay. By understanding the causes of not repaying credit card expenses, financial service providers should be able to effectively reduce card bad debts. In particular, relationship marketing strategies are helpful to mitigate cardholders’ intention to passively not repay.     

风险承担、净息差趋势与银行稳定发展研究——基于2009-2019年商业银行面板数据的实验证据

基于Ho和Saunders的做市商模型,引入监管资本约束,优化调整净息差理论模型,定量解释风险承担与净息差及银行稳定机制。运用线性回归模型及其辅助分析方法,依据30家银行2009—2019年面板数据,考量风险承担、净息差趋势与银行稳定发展的实验证据。结果显示：风险承担与净息差呈现倒“U”形关系;区域经济市场化程度对促进银行发展具有稳定效应,风险承担能力对优化净息差区间存在规模效应。鉴于此,银行应加强风险承担与净息差趋势管理,充分运用市场机制配置信贷资源服务实体经济,积极完善银行治理,提高发展的稳定性。     

Do capital buffers matter? Evidence from the stocks and flows of nonperforming loans

This paper investigates the determinants of the stocks and flows (both in- and outflows) of nonperforming loans (NPLs) by considering a bank-specific factor that is not adequately analysed in the literature, namely, bank capital buffers. Using unbalanced panel data with 6,087 bank-year observations for the 2006–2018 period and a two-step system generalised method of moments (GMM) estimation, we find that banks with higher levels of capital buffers (both in terms of Tier 1 and total capital) have fewer NPL stocks and generate fewer NPL inflows. When we control for the characteristics of the loan portfolio, real guarantees collected by the bank increase the stocks and flows of new, impaired loans, while personal guarantees favour the outflow of bad loans.     

Anger mediates the effect of ostracism on risk-taking

The present research tested the effects of being ostracized on risk-taking behavior and how emotional responses to ostracism mediate these effects. In two experiments, undergraduates were either ostracized or included during an Internet ball-toss game (Cyberball). In Experiment 1 (N = 52), ostracism increased self-reported risk-taking inclinations, and the relation between ostracism and risk-taking was mediated by feelings of anger, but not control. In Experiment 2 (N = 72), ostracism increased risky driving during a driving video game. The effect of ostracism on risk-taking was again mediated by post-ostracism anger (but not control or ostracism-induced sadness). This research suggests that anger elicited by ostracism may increase risk-taking.     

An Empirical Analysis of the Risk-Taking Channel of Monetary Policy in Turkey

This article investigates the bank-specific characteristics of risk-taking behavior of the Turkish banking sector as well as the existence of risk-taking channel of monetary policy in Turkey. Using bank-level quarterly data over the period 2002–2012 a dynamic panel model is estimated. We find evidence that low short-term interest rates reduce the risk of outstanding loans; however short-term interest rates below a theoretical benchmark increase risk-taking of banks. This result holds for macroeconomic controls and external factors as well. Furthermore, in terms of bank-specific characteristics, our analysis suggests that large, liquid, and well-capitalized banks are less prone to risk-taking.