HRM Signals for the Capital Market

This conceptual study contributes to an emerging literature at the intersection of strategic HRM and finance, which is concerned with the undervaluation of future‐oriented HRM practices in the capital market and consequent disincentives for managers to invest in such HRM practices. More specifically, the study contributes to a search for signals of HRM investments that the capital market either attends to or should attend to. It focuses on potential signals of high‐performance work systems (HPWSs), constituting an HRM investment that has been at the center of research in strategic HRM. Based on signaling theory, a model is proposed of relationships among three signal characteristics (signal fit, signal erosion, and signal diffusion) and sustainable signal correlation. The model provides a basis for the exploration of alternative strategies for the establishment of an HRM signal tailored specifically to the needs of the capital market. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

证券公司自营绩效评价与分类监管规则的有效性

本文使用DEA模型,对中国39家证券公司2003-2006年自营业务绩效和证券行业分类监管规则有效性进行了实证研究。结果显示,弱市中创新类券商的自营绩效不如规范类券商,原因在于市场投资机会缺乏和券商应变能力不足,同时创新类券商在过度筹资上存在失误。常规监管阶段证券公司分类监管规则的有效性比综合治理阶段大大提高,但仍需从弱化净资本指标、强化盈利性指标两方面进行改进。鉴于过度筹资是券商的普遍问题,监管者应根据市场状况调整监管措施,弱市中限制各类券商的负债规模。     

开放式基金交易影响因素及对券商代销的借鉴意义

通过对一证券公司营业部所有基金客户(4000人)近两年交易数据进行统计分析,总结其申购、赎回开放式基金的特征,找出券商个人客户进行开放式基金交易的影响因素,以期提出对券商代销基金的借鉴意义。选取客户集中购买的10只样本基金进行重点研究,对比各个基金份额变化反应出的不同时间段内基金份额净申购赎回情况,以此对投资者申购赎回基金份额行为进行判断,同时对证券公司代销基金提出一些建设性意见。     

Whistleblowers and Outcomes of Financial Misrepresentation Enforcement Actions

Whistleblowers are ostensibly a valuable resource to regulators investigating securities violations, but whether there is a link between whistleblower involvement and the outcomes of enforcement actions is unclear. Using a data set of employee whistleblowing allegations obtained from the U.S. government and the universe of enforcement actions for financial misrepresentation, we find that whistleblower involvement is associated with higher monetary penalties for targeted firms and employees and with longer prison sentences for culpable executives. We also find that regulators more quickly begin enforcement proceedings when whistleblowers are involved. Our findings suggest that whistleblowers are a valuable source of information for regulators who investigate and prosecute financial misrepresentation.     

OPTIMAL STATIC–DYNAMIC HEDGES FOR BARRIER OPTIONS

We study optimal hedging of barrier options, using a combination of a static position in vanilla options and dynamic trading of the underlying asset. The problem reduces to computing the Fenchel–Legendre transform of the utility-indifference price as a function of the number of vanilla options used to hedge. Using the well-known duality between exponential utility and relative entropy, we provide a new characterization of the indifference price in terms of the minimal entropy measure, and give conditions guaranteeing differentiability and strict convexity in the hedging quantity, and hence a unique solution to the hedging problem. We discuss computational approaches within the context of Markovian stochastic volatility models.     

Especial Motives for Accounting Fraud ——A Case Study of Insider Trading

Guilin Jiqi is a pharmaceutical company listed on Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 1997. Possible motives for her accounting fraud in 2000 are thoroughly analyzed. Guilin Jiqi made up the accounting profit in the semi-annual report. Interestingly, the employee shares of Guilin Jiqi began to be tradable from June. After rejecting other possibilities, we find that this accounting fraud is possibly intended to help her employees, except top managers, to sell their shares at a huge profit.     

出口骗税的治理对策

出口退税在推动我国外向型经济发展方面正在扮演着重要的角色。但是,某些不法分子利用这一政策采取各种手段骗取出口退税,造成了国家税款的流失,弱化了出口退税的杠杆作用。本文从当前我国出口骗税的特点入手,有针对性地提出了完善增值税制度、完善出口退税政策体系、建立协调机制和加大惩治力度等治理出口骗税的对策。     

Individual investors repurchasing behaviour: evidence from the Portuguese stock market

We study the repurchasing behaviour of individual investors and identify-related stock- and investor-specific attributes that affect the preference to repurchase stocks previously owned. Using a unique database of Portuguese individual investors, we find that investors prefer to repurchase stocks that were associated with a gain during their previous roundtrip (i.e. prior winners) and have suffered price declines subsequent to their last sale. Consistent with the extant literature based on the US market, our results suggest that different market characteristics do not seem to affect investors’ preference regarding stock repurchases. Moreover, we find that this preference increases with the magnitude of the prior gain or the decline in price following the last sale. We also demonstrate that larger and more visible domestic stocks are more likely to be repurchased and that less active, under-diversified and home-biased investors are more likely to engage in such behaviour. Finally, we find that repurchased stocks yield poor post-performance – approximately 267 basis points less than newly purchased stocks. Our main conclusion is that repurchases are essentially emotionally driven and penalize investor’s performance.     

Identifying Fraud in Online Auctions: A Case Study

According to the FBI (IC3, 2011), losses as a result of auto‐auction fraud exceeded $8.2 million dollars in 2011. How can one detect deception in online auction transactions? The authors use a comprehensive case to teach students about deception detection processes, detection cues, and the e‐commerce environment. Students are challenged to make a professional judgment about whether the transaction under consideration is an attempt to deceive. The case is based on a real‐life situation and provides a valuable exercise for business students, educating them in the reality of online auction markets and developing their critical thinking skills. The case may be used with undergraduate accounting majors in Accounting Information Systems classes and with graduate students in an e‐commerce course either as an in‐class assignment or as a term project. Students provided favorable responses as to the value of the case.