“熊彼特-阿罗”争论的最新发展:市场结构与企业创新

产业经济学对于市场结构与企业创新是否存在某种相关性一直存在着理论上的争论,垄断和竞争哪一种市场结构能够更好地促进创新始终是一个悬而未决的话题.实践中我国一方面提出要通过企业做大做强促进自主创新、建设创新型国家,另一方面又通过法律等形式对企业垄断行为进行规制.基于知识溢出、技术和市场的不确定性以及产业生命周期等三组外生变量,文章梳理了西方产业组织理论有关"熊彼特-阿罗"争论十年来的最新发展,在此基础上提炼出对我国现阶段反垄断和激励企业创新的政策含义.     

Uses,Abuses and Misuses of Significance Tests in the Scientific Community: Won't the Bayesian Choice be Unavoidable?

The current context of the “significance test controversy” is first briefly discussed. Then experimental studies about the use of null hypothesis significance tests by scientific researchers and applied statisticians are presented. The misuses of these tests are reconsidered as judgmental adjustments revealing researchers’requirements towards statistical inference. Lastly alternative methods are considered. Consequently we automatically ask ourselves “won't the Bayesian choice be unavoidable?”     

Panel data modelling and the tax-spend controversy in the euro zone

This article attempts to differentiate between the debatable tax and spend, spend and tax, fiscal synchronization and institutional separation hypotheses in order to explore empirically the interplay between public expenditures and public revenues in the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) member states. For this purpose, panel data models are derived to test the validity of the four hypotheses in EMU countries. A notable characteristic of this article is that the four hypotheses are tested by dividing EMU countries into various subgroups and using disaggregated data for government expenditures and revenues. Seeking for the robustness of the empirical evidence, the panel data methods of Generalized Two-Stage Least Squares (GTSLS) and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) are accordingly applied to identify the relationship between public outlays and taxation receipts. GTSLS and GMM results strongly support the fiscal synchronization hypothesis implying that budget decision-making is significantly influenced by both government expenditures and revenues components.     

The Efficiency of Political Mechanisms for Siting Nuisance Facilities: Are Opponents More Likely to Participate than Supporters?

The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics - Public opposition often hinders the siting of nuisance and noxious facilities. However, there is often support for the siting plan within the...     

WTO“安全例外”条款的应用与争论

当今国际社会不存在超越主权国家之上的政府,对一个主权国家来说,首要任务是维护安全(生存),从该意义上说,安全利益比经济利益更为重要。因此,WTO(含前身关贸总协定)在规定自由贸易原则的同时,还规定了"安全例外"条款。到目前为止,美国-尼加拉瓜案、前南斯拉夫案、《赫尔姆斯-伯顿法案》争端、尼加拉瓜制裁洪都拉斯和哥伦比亚案就援引了该条款。同时,围绕该条款的解释和专家小组的权限的争论长期存在。一方面,各国合理的安全关切需要照顾;另一方面,各国又不能过度引用该条款,以保证正常贸易的自由化。在各国尤其是发达国家的进出口管理及外资并购立法中都贯穿着这种安全例外思想,我国有关立法也体现了这一思想。     

“熊彼特-阿罗”争论的最新发展：市场结构与企业创新

产业经济学对于市场结构与企业创新是否存在某种相关性一直存在着理论上的争论,垄断和竞争哪一种市场结构能够更好地促进创新始终是一个悬而未决的话题。实践中我国一方面提出要通过企业做大做强促进自主创新、建设创新型国家,另一方面又通过法律等形式对企业垄断行为进行规制。基于知识溢出、技术和市场的不确定性以及产业生命周期等三组外生变量,文章梳理了西方产业组织理论有关“熊彼特-阿罗”争论十年来的最新发展,在此基础上提炼出对我国现阶段反垄断和激励企业创新的政策含义。     

价值工程理论研究最新动向与发展趋势——高校财经类硕士研究生培养的功能定位研究

价值理念的多元性和管理维度的复杂化客观上对价值工程理论和方法的发展提出了严峻挑战。结合目前价值工程学科理论研究的国际最新动向介绍,给出其发展趋势分析,并就我国高校财经类硕士研究生的培养改革,进一步提出功能定位系统分析的动态性观点。     

从中美知识产权博弈看我国的知识产权立法

中关之间的知识产权博弈由来已久，本首先总结了我国改革开放以来中关知识产权博彝的过程．然后通过对中关知识产权博弈原因的分析提出了对我国知识产权立法现状的看法。     

Global controversies in local settings: anti-fracking activism in the era of Web 2.0

In this era of global challenges in energy policy, the importance of siting of facilities connected to development of energy system is greater than ever. At the same time, spreading of these facilities has often been controversial in surrounding communities. This article advances the debate on this phenomenon by focusing on an aspect of siting controversies that has become a game changer in recent years but has received remarkably little attention: the role of Web 2.0 in siting conflicts. To explore the impact of Web 2.0, the paper uses a case study approach, examining the influence of access to the Internet in two siting conflicts associated with shale gas prospecting in Poland in the period from 2012 to 2014. The possibilities that Web 2.0 offers to residents and other local actors in siting conflicts – access to knowledge, the ability to reframe the local debate using international resources, and mobilization of a network of support by sharing their version of the story – influence the dynamics of risk communication during siting controversies.     

Biomedical risks and citizenship: depoliticizing cell site deployment in the Netherlands and Southern California

Cell phone technology has become a ubiquitous quasi-utility worldwide. Meanwhile, controversies around its health risks are continually emerging in locations around the world. In this paper, we argue that the ongoing controversy is primarily the effect of practices that are trying to govern cell site risks, rather than inherent uncertainties or qualities of the technology. We understand this as a process of medicalization that engenders bio-citizenship. We extend bio-citizenship theory by exposing how actors show an astute and reflexive awareness of the mobilizing potential of medicalization.

We study the governance practice of cell site deployment in the Netherlands and Southern California, USA and investigate how the risk issues and citizenship concerning cell site deployment are co-produced in four main governance practices. Network roll-out practices move health risks backstage, prevention practices push health risks and uncertainties into the future. Design practices actively avoid cell site risks, whereas care practices contain them. Government and industry have become aware of the contentious effect of cell site deployment and govern this to protect the roll-out of the technology. We call this depoliticization. Depoliticization can unintendedly open up new avenues for citizen mobilization.