基于产业链视角的中国电气机械制造业优化升级研究

本文基于2002-2015年全国投入产出表和延长表,以及2000-2012年日本投入产出表测算的产业关联和波及效应,从产业链角度对电气机械制造业的优化升级进行了动态分析和比较分析。研究表明：中国电气机械制造业关联产业广泛,产业内关联增强,对国民经济的需求拉动作用强于供给推动作用。但研发投入不足,技术进步迟滞,行业附加值率下降,对需求变化的供给适应能力不足,产值结构、技术结构和市场适应能力有待调整和优化。针对存在的突出问题,提出如下建议：以产业链协同发展为抓手,促进产学研合作,加大研发投入,调整产出的技术结构;以关联产业需求为指向,挖掘内需,调整产出的市场结构;提高产业服务化水平,延长产业链,协调产业链整体发展。     

Dynamical analysis of corporate bonds based on the yield spread term-quality surface

Our aim of this research is to propose a model which estimates implied relative credit reliability from the yield spread of defaultable bonds and evaluates their spread risk. We introduce “yield spread term-quality surface” (YSTQS) which is defined on the space of duration and credit reliability of the issuers, and express their yield spread. First, we review the general pricing theorem of defaultable bonds with unpredictable recovery in the no-arbitrage context based on the external hazard rates. Second, we show that the dynamics of state variables determine the shape of the YSTQS, and they drive the YSTQS if the loss-adjusted hazard rates are described by a function of them. Finally, we show an empirical analysis of our model with daily yield spread, duration, and the credit ratings of corporate bonds.

降息周期对寿险公司的影响及产品对策

自2008年9月以来,中国人民银行连续出台了降息政策,预示着新一轮降息周期来临。本文对此轮降息周期进行基本分析后,提出了降息周期未来预期的三种假设,并对比上次降息周期对寿险业产生的影响,研究了不同降息周期假设对公司已产生和可能产生的多种影响,初步探讨了基于产品层面的应对策略。     

基于期权调整利差法和蒙特卡罗模拟法的水利PPP项目资产证券化定价研究

合理的资产证券化定价可为水利PPP项目吸引更多社会资本投资,提供长期稳定的资金来源。基于定价方法的对比分析,结合水利行业PPP项目发展现状和特点,选取期权调整利差法和蒙特卡罗模拟法,分别构建定价模型,并选取污水处理PPP项目实例进行资产证券化定价研究。结果显示,两种方法得出的定价结果都较为符合市场实际,但相比之下,由于期权调整利差法构建的定价模型更加贴合水利PPP资产证券化项目的存续特点,因而其定价结果更加准确,更加接近证券实际发行价格。     

The response of term rates to monetary policy uncertainty

This paper shows that greater uncertainty about monetary policy can lead to a decline in nominal interest rates. In the context of a limited participation model, monetary policy uncertainty is modeled as a mean preserving spread in the distribution for the money growth process. This increase in uncertainty lowers the yield on short-term maturity bonds because the household sector responds by increasing liquidity in the banking sector. Long-term maturity bonds also have lower yields but this decrease is a result of the effect that greater uncertainty has on the nominal intertemporal rate of substitution—which is a convex function of money growth. We examine the nature of these relations empirically by introducing the GARCH-SVAR model—a multivariate generalization of the GARCH-M model. The predictions of the model are broadly supported by the data: higher uncertainty in the federal funds rate can lower the yields of the three- and six-month treasury bill rates.     

语言模因和认知隐喻

语言是传递信息的工具,模因的模仿、复制、传播可以通过语言得以有效的实现,而另一方面,隐喻是语言新的意义产生的根源,因此模因的生存和发展离不开隐喻。本文以认知隐喻为研究对象,运用模因理论,分析认知隐喻的模因现象、模因特征以及模因传播,认为模因借助于隐喻生成和发展,而隐喻又依附于模因发展和传播,两者相互依赖,共同发展。     

Risk Aversion and the Bid–Ask Spread

This paper studies the properties of bid and ask prices posted by a monopolistic market maker, without parametric assumptions about the utility function of the market maker or about the probability distribution of the return of the risky asset. We first prove that the two prices can be higher or lower than the expected value of the asset, and that the spread is decreasing in the initial wealth when the market maker exhibits decreasing absolute risk aversion. We conclude by some examples illustrating the fact that almost all shapes can be obtained for the bid–ask spread (as a function of the inventory) depending on the probability distribution of the payment of the risky asset.