Information flows within and across sectors in Chinese stock markets

We examine the patterns of information flows within and across sectors of the two Chinese stock exchanges in Shanghai and Shenzhen during 1994–2001. Using the generalized forecast error variance decomposition, we find a high degree of interdependence, indicating that the sectors are highly integrated and sector prices reflect information from other sectors. Industry is the most influential sector in both exchanges, while Finance in Shenzhen is the least integrated with other sectors. Implications of the findings for investors and policymakers are also discussed.     

国有独资商业银行如何实行规范的股份制

本文认为,国有独资商业银行的改革应从实行股份制着手。国家对中国银行和建设银行进行投资,增加其资本金数额,同时允许其动用原有所有者权益冲销不良资产,大大降低了不良资产率,为国有独资商业银行实行股份制改革找到了途径。在国家绝对控股的条件下,实行规范的股份制,必须处理好国家股权与民间股权在股东代表大会上的关系,凡决定涉及国家控股地位和执行宏观经济政策方面的问题,应发挥国家股权的控股作用,而对于银行主要管理人员聘任,经营管理和业务活动方针,利润分配等方面的问题,一定要尊重民间股东意见。同时还要赋予国家股票增值和增收的使命并按市场原则加以营运,提高国家的宏观经济调控能力。     

Non‐parametric Modelling of Spatial Price Relationships

We apply non‐parametric methods to a consideration of price transmission processes within US egg markets at the turn of the nineteenth century. Gordon (National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 7833, 2000) labelled this as an era of ‘Great Inventions’ which contributed to the subsequent years of significant productivity growth and noted that the development of mechanical refrigeration and transportation technologies played an important role in this growth. Our models present certain advantages relative to parametric models traditionally employed in price transmission analyses. We compare results derived from local polynomial modelling with those obtained using non‐linear threshold models. Both techniques suggest that US egg markets were interrelated at the turn of the nineteenth century. However, non‐parametric techniques often suggest a higher degree of price transmission than that implied by threshold models. Results also suggest that threshold models may have difficulties in adequately capturing price relationship dynamics, especially when these are of a highly nonlinear nature.     

Price clustering on the limit-order book: Evidence from the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong

We examine the clustering pattern in trade and quote prices on the electronic limit order book of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (SEHK). Earlier research into clustering focuses on transaction prices only. We study clustering on quote prices over a maximum of five queues on the limit order book. We observe an abnormally high frequency of even and integer prices in trade and quote prices for all tick size groups on the SEHK. The deeper quotes display stronger clustering than the best quotes, indicating that the farther away the quotes are from the best queue, the less information they carry. Our analysis further reveals that an extremely fine tick size itself works as a binding constraint to hinder the price resolution process. We also find that short sale prohibition imposed on the majority of stocks listed on the SEHK causes a significant bias in clustering towards the ask side of the limit order book. This implies that a short sale prohibition impairs efficient price discovery in the market.     

我国电力价格问题分析与改革建议

本文首先从经济学角度分析了自然垄断行业的定价,回顾并分析了中国20世纪80年代以来的电价改革,指出了前两次改革的得失,然后针对中国的电力定价机制,分析了现行电价存在的问题,最后从政府和企业两个方面提出了相应的措施。     

我国企业资本结构悖论:提出与解读

文章在概述现代企业资本结构理论和对中外企业资本结构进行比较分析的基础上,提出我国企业资本结构的悖论和构建合理的现代企业资本结构的建议。     

股市公共性:股权分置改革的理论根据

本文对股权分置改革中的几个主要理论进行了分析，认为“流通股含权”说、“合同”说等是不能成立的；从政府政策的公共利益出发，提出了股市公共性学说。强调这一学说是支持股权分置改革的理论依据，据此分析了股权分置改革中的一系列政策举措。     

Cancellation of Executive Stock Options: Tax and Accounting Income Considerations*

Canadian firms face a trade‐off between reporting higher accounting income and paying lower taxes that arises from their ability to cancel in‐the‐money executive stock options and making a substitute cash payment to the executive instead of issuing shares. Firms' trade‐off hypotheses are operationalized in a multilateral framework and empirically tested using insider‐trading data. The multilateral approach is designed to control for the incentive effects of alternative compensation schemes and to determine the cancellation payment that keeps the executive indifferent between receiving cash or shares. The results show that firms consider both taxes and financial reporting costs in determining their option cancellation behavior.     

有限责任公司股权的性质

关于有限责任公司股权性质的认定,法学界历来存在较大分歧,形成了几种有代表性的学说,但都存在明显的缺陷。从股东财产与公司财产相互分离、股东人格与公司人格彼此独立的角度分析,股权应为一种独立的财产权,且具有集合性。     

对南北战争前美国股份制经济的历史考察

在美国，从国家独立到走向繁荣的进程中，股份经济起着十分重要的作用。其股份经济最早产生于17世纪初，它从英国移植而来，为美国提供了现成的企业组织形式。18世纪中后期，一些州政府对有限责任的许可，推动了美国股份经济的初步发展，19世纪30年代到南北战争前发生的以铁路建设大发展为标志的交通运输业革命，导致了美国历史上股份经济发展的第一个高潮，它为南北战争后美国经济迈入世界工业化强国奠定了基础。