Job growth in early transition: Comparing two paths*

Small start‐up firms are the engine of job creation in early transition. We ask about differences in their growth across two different transition economies: Estonia, which experienced rapid destruction of pre‐existing firms, and the Czech Republic, which reduced the old sector gradually. We find that the majority of job growth corresponds to within‐industry reallocation. The within‐industry growth of small start‐up firms is similar in the two countries, in line with the convergence to Western industry firm‐size distributions. We also find similar patterns in the evolution of wage differentials between start‐ups and old firms and small differences in the extent of low‐wage employment in start‐ups across the two transition paths. JEL Classifications: J2, J3, J4, L1, O1, P2.     

浅论我国农产品流通企业扩张的基本规律与政策规制

通过对农产品流通企业扩张形式全面的理论梳理, 研究总结了二种类型的农产品流通企业扩张基本规律,即纵向扩张和横向扩张,并对中国农产品企业扩张问题进行了实证研究,最后对我国农产品流通企业扩张提出建议.     

事务所规模与年报会计政策“类准则”披露——基于文本分析的经验证据

通过计算上市公司年报会计政策披露的“类准则”程度,讨论会计师事务所规模是否为影响上市公司会计政策披露行为的重要因素。研究发现：（1）由规模较大的会计师事务所审计的上市公司,年报会计政策披露的“类准则”程度较低,会提供更多公司会计政策的个性化信息。（2）在上市公司风险增强和会计准则重大变化的两大类场景中,事务所规模与年报会计政策披露“类准则”程度之间的关系都得到增强,说明事务所的风险压力和事务所能力是重要的机制路径。（3）由同一事务所审计的上市公司会计政策披露的“类准则”程度更一致,具有同所效应。（4）基于会计师事务所变更的检验发现,若变更后的事务所规模更大,则会计政策披露的“类准则”程度会降低;若变更后的事务所规模更小,则会计政策披露的“类准则”程度会提高。     

Air Afrique: the demise of a continental icon

Although the rationale for multi-flag airlines' formation is rooted in contemporary strategic thinking, our understanding of their emergence and subsequent mass disappearances in the twentieth century remains an elusive issue. This article seeks to fill this void by examining the emergence, ascendency and demise of Air Afrique, an airline once seen as a symbol of regional integration in Africa. This examination takes a historical perspective and covers the period from 1961 to 2002. On the basis of this historical analysis, five distinct stages have been identified reflecting the firm's glorious days, precipitous decline and subsequent collapse. These are: the golden age; Africanisation; escalating indecision, escalating commitment and dissolution phases. Each phase provides insights into the deterministic and voluntaristic perspectives of organisational failure. The implications of the findings of this research for theory and practice are discussed.     

Transparency in the interbank market and the volume of bank intermediated loans

In the present paper we study the equilibrium interaction through which the interbank market is related to the public lending and borrowing market. It turns out that this interaction is affected by the transparency in the interbank market. Interbank market transparency is modeled by means of more informative signals about future interbank rates. We find that more transparency might increase or decrease the volume of bank intermediated loans in the public market. In particular, the impact of more transparency on the volume of loans depends on the curvature of the marginal cost function of the banking firm. Furthermore, we find that expected profits of the bank are higher when the interbank market is more transparent.     

对综合配套改革的几点思考

在改革攻坚阶段,最艰难和最重要的是进一步突破制度和机制的约束,推进综合配套改革,为业已建立的市场经济和开放型经济提供制度保证和支撑。因此,我们需要新的改革动力,新的改革思路,新的改革示范。综合配套改革是国家经济社会发展、实施改革开放战略的非常重大的战略布局,要继续为全国的经济体制改革、政治体制改革、文化体制改革和社会各方面的改革提供新的经验和思路。     

基于LSSC的物流企业成长机理——探索性多案例研究

文章基于"资源-能力-成长"的企业成长理论模型,对服务供应链、组织间网络和动态能力理论进行了梳理,报告了物流服务供应链(Logistics Service Supply Chain,LSSC)的网络属性对核心企业成长的影响的研究现状,并提出了文章的研究框架,通过采用探索性多案例的研究方法,对三个典型民营物流企业进行了调查,通过三个案例的一级编码、二级编码和三级编码,得出以下研究结论:物流服务供应链的网络结构和网络关系可以直接促进物流企业成长;物流服务供应链的网络结构和网络关系也可以通过动态能力的作用促进物流企业成长。研究表明:第三方物流企业的成长要通过网络化战略来实现,通过构建物流服务供应链模式,汲取组织间资源、提升企业动态能力并最终实现企业成长。     

国有跨国公司境外企业公司治理研究——基于双重型、叠加式委托代理的视角

国有跨国公司境外企业股权结构的相对集中或高度集中和产权关系的延伸,使其委托代理呈现出双重型、叠加式的特征。基于此特征,文章确立了双重型、叠加式委托代理理论并作为国有跨国公司境外企业公司治理研究的分析框架。研究结果表明,完善国有跨国公司境外企业公司治理的前提和基础在于委托代理链能否形成有效的传导机制以及各级委托链的委托人和代理人是否明确。在公司治理结构与机制优化的基础上,文章提出应从控股股东或大股东对经营者和中小股东对其代理人两条途径同时降低公司治理成本,并通过模型对控股股东或大股东获取租金的合理界限与范围进行了界定。     

Contextualising capability development: configurations of knowledge governance mechanisms in project-based organizations

Given the project-based organization’s (PBO) strong focus on autonomy and temporary decentralisation, it faces unique challenges with regard to long-term organisational learning and capability development. To address how PBOs cope with these challenges, we address the role of knowledge governance (KG) mechanisms to foster capability development. The present paper reports on a multiple case study comprising 23 PBOs and demonstrates the importance of ‘configurations of KG mechanisms’ for facilitating learning and capability development. This paper develops four distinct configurations (balanced, formalistic, interactive, and fragile) that promote three principal organisational-level learning processes: shifting, leveraging and adapting. This research underscores the close relationship between knowledge governance mechanisms and capability development and the importance of designing the appropriate configuration of KG mechanisms to foster capability development.     

Firm heterogeneity and immigrant wage assimilation

This article investigates the role of job mobility in immigrant wage assimilation. I use longitudinal linked employer–employee data for Portugal to estimate the immigrant wage catch-up in log wage regressions with both individual and firm fixed effects. I show that moving to firms with higher wage premiums accounts for approximately 30% of the immigrant wage catch-up in the first years.