展望“十四五”:征信建设需要“征信法”

展望“十四五”时期,我国征信建设高质量发展需要“征信法”。制定能够促进平等准入、公正监管与公平竞争的“征信法”是时代所需。从当前征信体系发展现状、征信范畴与维度、构建新型征信监管、培育与促进社会互信等四个方面论述了“征信法”的必要性和紧迫性。制定“征信法”对于促进我国征信体系完善和从征信大国向征信强国迈进有重要意义。     

Managing the energy trilemma of reliability,affordability and renewables: Assessing consumer demands with discrete choice experiments

In response to the looming climate crisis, many countries are adopting technologies to reduce the accumulation of greenhouse gases. However, national energy policies are often multiobjective and resolution deeply divisive. The result is a policy trilemma between the energy mix and the trade-offs with other policy objectives, including cost and reliability. Utilising a discrete choice experiment (DCE), the objective of this study is to explore Australian household preferences for alternative electricity contracts containing features reflecting changes in future energy policy. The first set of features include investments in renewable generation and community-based energy storage. The second set of features reflect demand-side management policies, including installing smart meters and consumption limits being imposed on households during peak demand. Two versions of the DCE were developed to obtain both willingness to pay and willingness to accept estimates for the same features. In line with the literature, differences in the two sets of estimates were observed, with the willingness to accept estimates being statistically larger for some features. These dollar value measures can be used to support public policy decision-making – the choice of which depending on the context of the policy problem being considered.     

Empirical analysis of the relationship between labour cost stickiness and labour reforms in Spain

This study performs an empirical analysis on the relationship between labour cost stickiness and the decrease in employment protection in the Spanish labour reforms in 2010 and 2012. Following these reforms, the sticky behaviour of labour costs substantially decreased with respect to the pre-reform period. All constituents of total labour costs followed a similar pattern: wages, social security contributions and number of employees. Results are robust to different models, estimation methods, periods of time, and industries, as well as with respect to endogeneity concerns.     

“准征收”视域下耕地开发权管制的法律表达 ——基于耕地保护立法背景下的深思

研究目的：探求我国耕地开发权管制的本质，为我国耕地保护立法提供妥适的制度设计方案。研究方法：规范分析法、文献资料法。研究结果：改革我国现行耕地开发权管制法律制度，是我国耕地保护立法不可回避的重要议题。法理上，严格限制耕地转为建设用地的土地用途管制，其实质是对耕地开发权的管制。从财产权“准征收”角度审视，着眼于“对象识别基准”“结果识别基准”和“综合识别基准”，考量平等、比例等原则，积极回应当下城乡关系发展态势，应承认我国现行的耕地开发权管制构成对耕地开发权的“准征收”。研究结论：我国耕地开发权管制法律制度的建设，应在构建耕地开发权“准征收”法律制度的基础上系统性展开，这是提升其规范性、体系性，实现我国土地法学从传统政策性研究范式向现代规范性研究范式转型的内在要求。我国耕地保护立法应以此为导向展开相应的制度设计和规范表达，如此方可实现不同主体间的利益平衡，进而助推粮食安全目标的有效实现。