The development and inequality of heights in North, West, and East India 1915–1944

In this study, we trace the development of height and its distribution in India during 1915–1944. Heights of North, West, and East Indians grew very slowly. Although for this period it has been argued that income inequality declined, we reject our working hypothesis that height inequality declined in parallel with income inequality. In fact, height differences were low during the influenza/famine period of 1918–1920, and the Great Depression period. With the growing openness of the late 1920s, we observe a temporary rise in height inequality. The overall level of height inequality is lower than expected for Indian society that is influenced by a rigid caste system.     

解读演化经济学的兴起——兼论演化经济学的现状与未来发展

演化经济学的兴起主要有三个原因:西方主流经济学的范式危机;自然科学的发展;社会科学领域演化思想的积累与发展.演化经济学最近的前沿研究集中于进行演化建模,对复杂性进行测量,讨论技术与制度的协同演化等几个方面.拓展对多时期动态过程的研究,将演化经济学与制度经济学、马克思主义经济学、博弈理论等进行创造性综合,更多关注学科语言的凝炼和理论建模工作是演化经济学的未来发展方向.     

The influence of children on parental purchases during supermarket shopping

Children are assuming larger roles in household consumer decisions and have also emerged as independent consumers, thus forming an increasingly powerful market segment. Children can be seen as forming, first, a primary market; second, as influencers on their parents’ decision making; and third, as potential future adult consumers. The second role is the main focus of this paper, centring on supermarket purchases. Using focus groups and in‐depth interviews, this study explores the influence of children on supermarket shopping. Participants included parents and children of families in Midlothian, Scotland. The results showed that children have a significant influence on supermarket product purchases. The factors which influence children's product preferences are analysed, and their ability to relay their choices to their parents is considered.     

旋扭山绿豆在鉴江流域生态农业发展中的作用及其栽培技术

旋扭山绿豆具有生物固氮、繁殖迅速、生长快、鲜叶粗蛋白含量高等生物学特性，利用其改良土壤、保持水土、提供饲料，发展鉴江流域的生态农业具有重要作用。     

LONGITUDINAL STUDIES OF HUMAN GROWTH AND HEALTH: A REVIEW OF RECENT HISTORICAL RESEARCH

Abstract This paper reviews recent literature using stature and weight as measures of human welfare with a particular interest in cliometric or historical research. We begin with an overview of anthropometric evidence of living standards and the new but fast‐growing field of anthropometric history. This literature is always implicitly and often explicitly longitudinal in nature. We then discuss (i) systematic empirical research into the relationship between conditions in early life and later life health and mortality and (ii) historical evidence on the relationship between body mass, morbidity and mortality. We conclude with a discussion of the importance of historical sources and understandings to health economics and population health.     

All the Lesbian Mothers are Coupled,all the Single Mothers are Straight,and all of us are Tired: Reflections on being a Single Lesbian Mom

Amidst increasing numbers of gays and lesbians having children, political opposition to gay marriage, and government efforts to discourage female-headed households by funding marriage initiatives, the author reflects on her life as a single lesbian mom. Following in the feminist tradition of using personal experiences as a starting point, the article looks at the social space between single heterosexual moms and lesbian mother couples.     

基于免疫视角的企业产权安全反应模型

参与企业产权安全反应的要素有侵权要素、识别要素和维权要素。它们所产生的行为分别叫做侵权行为、识别行为和维权行为。产权安全反应包括识别反应和维权反应。识别反应就是认识侵权行为,识别反应的结果;维权反应就是直接保护企业权益,将侵权要素逐出企业或进行阻隔。产权安全反应的速度主要由反应体系中能发挥作用的侵权要素、识别要素和维权要素共同决定。当侵权要素的浓度与识别要素的浓度比等于识别要素的平均识别力与侵权要素的平均侵权力之比时,识别要素对侵权要素的识别效率最高,产权保护也最为适度有效。     

学生家长对子女参加课余训练的态度调查

通过对陕西杨凌区部分中学学生家长进行的问卷调查,揭示了目前家长对子女参加课余训练的态度以及影响其态度的具体原因,并针对家长的不同态度采取相应措施使更多家长支持子女参加课余训练,从而促进课余训练的发展,研究显示家长对子女参加的运动情况了解程度普遍较高,家长对子女参加课余训练的支持与家长的职业和对运动的了解程度有关。     

蒲城县城区小学生课外辅导现状调查

"不能让孩子输在起跑线上"的家长心态,使得课外辅导班正以前所未有的趋势蔓延,导致学生学业负担过重,甚至厌学逃学。作者通过调查了解陕西省蒲城县城区小学生参加课外辅导的现状,分析存在的问题,以期提出一些更合理、更有效的选择辅导班的途径,使孩子拥有一个快乐、幸福的童年。     

浅析“啃老族”

有这样一批人,他们或者表现得相当明显,或者身着一些合理的外套颇具隐蔽性。他们或是主观上怕苦怕累待业在家所以吃住用都靠父母,或者是不知不觉拿父母当全职免费“阿姨”和可以随时取现的ATM机。他们就是“啃老族”。究其根本,“啃老族”的现状如何？出现的原因是什么？我们应该采取什么对策加以解决,这些都已经成为了不容忽视的值得我们思考的社会问题。