浅谈工程项目管理中设计管理的沟通与协调

在当代工程项目管理中,沟通与协调是进行各方面管理的纽带,我们通过西气东输二线管道工程的设计管理过程的实践,对工程项目设计管理中沟通、协调的特点及现状进行了深入研究,提出了工程项目管理中设计管理加强沟通与协调的可行性措施。     

经济转型与城乡收入差距——以广西1980～2009年数据为例

本文基于广西1980～2009年数据,研究了经济转型对城乡收入差距的影响。研究发现:非国有化、政府对经济活动干预程度的减弱对缩小城乡收入差距有显著的作用,经济开放则显著地扩大城乡收入差距。此外,城市化对城乡收入差距的扩大也有显著影响,而财政、金融对农村资源的投入等因素对缩小城乡收入差距的影响并不显著。研究结果表明,缩小城乡收入差距,政府应重点推进经济转型,特别是推进非国有化和减少对经济活动的干预;收入均等与经济增长可以成为地方政府两个并行不悖的目标,中央政府在推进城乡统筹时应尊重地方的自主实践。     

努力水平影响需求的供应链收入共享契约研究

考虑由一个供应商和一个零售商组成的二级供应链,其中需求是随机的且受零售商的销售努力水平影响。在销售季节前,零售商需要同时确定订购数量和相应的销售努力水平。在分散式供应链环境下,通过分析传统的收入共享契约无法协调供应链的原因,提出基于成本共担的收入共享契约模型,证明当努力水平影响方式为积的形式时,基于成本共担的收入共享契约能有效协调供应链。     

当前我国本外币政策协调机制研究

本外币政策的协调是一国实现内外部均衡的重要条件,也是包括我国在内的许多国家面临的一个重要课题。本文通过对我国目前的本外币政策进行剖析,结合当前形势就如何推进人民币汇率改革、加强政策协调提出了相关建议。     

Governing collaborative activity: interdependence and the impact of coordination and exploration

We examine the performance implications of selecting alternate modes of governance in interorganizational alliance relationships. While managers can choose from a range of modes to govern alliances, prior empirical evidence offers limited guidance on the performance impact of this choice. We use an agent‐based simulation of interfirm decision making to complement empirical studies in this area. Our results point to a complex interplay between interdependencies, governance structures, and firms' search capabilities. Different patterns of interdependence create varying needs with respect to coordination and exploration, while at the same time different governance modes, coupled with organizational search capabilities, supply varying degrees of these factors. Firm performance in an alliance relationship improves when the needs and supplies of coordination and exploration are matched. We find situations in which stronger organizational search capabilities can backfire, leading to lower exploration within the alliance relationship, and hence to lower firm performance. Moreover, we show that for higher levels of interdependence, coordination can become more critical for firm performance than exploration: unless it is tied to coordination, exploration can be ineffective in alliance settings. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Choosing the right multiple channel system to minimize transaction costs

This paper proposes that firms can use a transaction cost approach to make multiple channel system design related decisions. The author differentiates between two types of multiple channel systems and hypothesizes that transaction asset specificity, behavioral uncertainty and environmental uncertainty lead manufacturers to adopt either a dual channel system or a multiple independent channel system. Furthermore, the author proposes that when all three transaction cost variables match with the type of multiple channel system used, firms can minimize their transaction costs and eventually increase their channel system performance in terms of contribution to firm profitability. The author tests the hypotheses with survey data collected from 229 firms. The results support that the fit between the type of multiple channel mix and the three transaction-cost theory variables results in lower transaction costs and higher contribution to profit. The author presents theoretical and managerial implications.     

社会网络化下的企业形态及其规模变动

随着信息交流体制的转换,社会经济的网络化趋势日益明显,以致市场与组织之间界限模糊的社会网络成为企业的典型形态。同时,企业网络化发展导致了企业集群的出现,集群内的企业通过良性的竞争与合作深化了分工、增进了协调收益。与网络化的协调机制相适应,现代企业的规模具有不断缩小的趋势。     

基于两部收费理论的供应链协调机制研究

本文针对单个制造商单个零售商和单个制造商多个销售商的二级供应链,建立了集中模式控制和分散模式控制下的利润模型,假设需求确定并是价格的线性减函数以两部收费为例定量地分析了对供应链协调的作用机制,并且证明了两部收费能够使供应链协调,能使销售商和制造商的利润都达到最优。     

扩大消费,实现经济发展由消费、投资、出口协调拉动

我国经济增长主要靠投资和出口拉动,而消费需求增长相对滞后,不利于经济的健康稳定发展。因此,必须按照科学发展观的要求,加快转变经济发展方式,把扩大消费需求作为当前经济工作的着力点,增强消费对经济增长的拉动作用,实现消费、投资、出口协调拉动的格局。     

需求和路途损耗扰动下双渠道供应链的应急决策

构建了一条由一个零售商和一个拥有线上渠道的生产商组成的易逝品双渠道供应链,假设商品在流通过程中发生一定的路途损耗。建立了突发事件导致市场需求和渠道流通过程的损耗比例同时发生扰动状态下的市场需求模型,求出最优渠道销售价格、销售数量以及生产数量,并设计了改进收益共享契约协调分散决策下的双渠道供应链。研究结果表明:当突发事件导致市场规模和路途损耗同时发生扰动时,供应链具有一定的鲁棒性,改进收益共享契约可以实现双渠道供应链的应急协调。