Problem-solving in teaching/learning packages for Technology

In the project Technology in Secondary Education: Problem-solving in Teaching/learning Packages, two experiments regarding a construction problem and an explanation problem were conducted, in which two variants of a teching/learning package (strongly structuredvs. weakly structured) were compared. Only with the strongly structured instructional variant of the package for the explanation problem did the pupils come to a quick solution of the problem. In both experiments, the factors that influenced the problem-solving processes of the pupils were investigated. The results are of importance for curriculum developers and the authors of teaching/learning packages for Technology but further research into the factors influencing the problem solving process of pupils is necessary.     

Regulation and investment behaviour in the telecommunications sector: policies and patterns in US and Europe

This paper reports the results of the quantitative analysis of international experience of the relationship between infrastructure investment in the deployment of capacity that can carry large volumes of voice and data traffic and regulatory policy changes in the telecommunications sectors. It looks at the relationship between infrastructure investment for these infrastructure assets and the access pricing régimes for local exchange carriers in the United States and Europe. It then looks at the relationship between various aspects of regulatory and institutional policy changes in Europe and how they affect access prices.The paper finds that a lower access price promotes greater deployment of digital technology among US incumbent local exchange carriers (ILECs). Based on this finding, it suggests that it is in the ILECs interest to have access to their networks encouraged.The European data for interconnection are recent and far reaching conclusions are not feasible, but the findings, however, suggest that competition has worked by facilitating new entry through decreasing interconnection prices, although path dependencies, of existing and traditional concepts, in the mindsets of operators as well as regulators, may account for these findings.     

含H2S天然气管道的完整性评价研究

从管道完整性评价的国内外研究进展出发，基于氢浓度和应力共同作用的环境影响，建立了含氢致裂纹管道的完整性评定方法；考虑氢致列裂断裂判据，建立了氢致开裂管的失效评定关系；给出了失效评定图，并给出了这一定输送压力和H2S含量下，含裂纹缺陷管道的安全度和安全范围，以及含H2S管道的极限承压载荷。对管道的安全运行具有重要指导意义。     

关于不确定情况下净现值投资评价指标的探讨

文章对在不确定性情况下净现值（NPV）投资评价指标的有效性进行了探讨，提出在运用该指标评价项目时必须要考虑到风险的大小对项目决策的影响，并根据投资项目的统计特征。阐述了在此情况下该指标的计算。最后以实例进一步说明该计算方法的有效性。从而使项目的投资决策更为科学合理。     

油气勘探投资项目评价指标的探讨

油气田勘探开发项目其技术经济特点不同于一般工业性项目，因其原油产量逐年递减，而收人也相对逐年减少，造成了项目单位成本逐年升高，利润指标逐年降低，文章就从油气田开发项目的一般生产规律和技术经济特点出发。初步研究了该类项目评价体系和基准值等相关问题，提出了初步的意见和建议，对决策工作能起到一定的作用。     

Problems evaluating sales representative performance?: Try activity-based costing

Activity-based costing (ABC) offers a way to improve performance evaluation by providing estimates of the cost of satisfying sales terms to which a sales representative may agree, such as number of batches in which an order is produced and number of training hours provided to customer employees. It also provides estimates of the cost of resources that a sales representative may use while engaging in marketing activities, such as making sales calls and attending trade shows. Traditional costing, which assumes that costs only vary at the unit level, does not provide estimates of the costs of many of these terms and activities.     

经评审的最低投标价法的实践

随着中国建筑业管理体制改革的不断深化，招投标制度在中国得以推广应用，但目前以标底为中心的评标方法存在不足，有待完善。合理低价中标，具备不低于成本价、在合理的范围内两个条件，它代表着市场竞争的发展要求和方向，能够有效地减少一些人为因素。推进合理低价中标，应该把好资格审查关、标书评审关、招投标监督关，并要实行担保制，引入索赔机制。     

油田相关行业用户满意指数测评模型与方法研究

用户满意指数是一种全新的宏观经济指标和产品质量评价指标，是企业经营业绩的主要评定内容建立在用户满意指数测评模型理论基础上，借鉴国内外用户满意指数测评体系方法，结合油田的具体特点，构建出油田装备(耐用)行业、油田消耗品(非耐用)行业、第三产业的用户满意指数测评模型。模型反映出各结构变量之间以及结构变量与对应观测变量之间的相互关系：提出了用统计分析系统的含隐变量线性结构方程的协方差分析过程求解该测评模型，揭示了各结构变量之间的相互依赖程度，计算出各个结构变量的指数，最后，对油田某装备的用户满意指数测评结果进行了分析，为企业改进产品质量、提高服务质量提供了切实可行的信息     

Managing and financing metropolitan public services in China: experience of the Pearl River Delta region

Under China’s current fiscal policies and inter-governmental relations, it is a significant challenge to finance and deliver public services across jurisdictions. This challenge was met in the Pearl River Delta region in southern China with a collaborative governance approach. Directives from higher-level governments and horizontal inter-city fiscal arrangements were successfully combined to deliver public services. Effective networks should be developed to improve co-ordination and collaboration in delivering cross-jurisdictional public services.     

基于因素分析的区域旅游竞争力评价模型研究

竞争力评价是近年学术研究的热点.本文首先回顾了我国区域旅游竞争力评价的相关研究,然后从分析区域旅游竞争力的影响因素入手,构建一个评价区域旅游竞争力的多层次指标体系,并利用因子分析法对指标体系进行定量分析,建立相应的综合评价模型.