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41.
住房舍作社作为解决低收入者住房问题的社会团体组织,在国外已有一百多年的历史.鉴于住房合作社在解决低收入者住房方面的重要作用,国外的住房合作社在发展的过程中普遍得到了政府的大力支持.在当前我国各大城市房价扶摇直上的背景下,我们应该借鉴国外发展住房合作社的经验,发展我国的住房合作社,使城市中的低收入者实现居者有其屋. 相似文献
42.
《管理科学学报(英文)》2021,6(3):268-294
In 2015, China and India's population represented approximately 35.74% of the total number of people living in the world. Due to the historical context and behavior of the most relevant indicators, this study proposes to utilize a wide variety of demographic, economic, and production indicators from 1952 to 2015 to assess their impact on the GNI in China and India. A comprehensive and new fangled modeling process with stepwise, regularization and distributed lag regression approaches is presented. Accordingly, theoretical results were corroborated through extensive diagnostic tests and an empirical check of the models' predictive capacity. The findings show that GNI in China is most influenced by variables such as reserves in foreign currency and the dependency ratio; whereas, variables of energy production and birth rate were generated for India. Therefore, it's the timing for China to relax the universal two-child policy. Due to the current value below the substitution rate, a gloomy outlook for China's future population and economy is predicted. Conversely, a positive outlook is forecasted for India, given the low price in the future of oil- India's primary raw material. 相似文献
43.
我国城镇居民平均消费倾向与收入分配状况关系的实证研究 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
中国的有效需求不足现象近年来成为一个被普遍关注的问题,而居民消费需求不足更是成为关注的焦点。本文在前人研究的基础上,从标准的消费者预期效用最大化模型出发,推导出中国城镇居民的个体"短视"消费模型和总量消费模型;运用我国1985~2004年城镇居民消费、收入及其他相关数据,通过误差修正模型和对数线性模型分别对数据进行了计量分析,发现在我国现阶段,城镇居民收入分配差距的扩大引起了居民平均消费倾向的减小,且其长期影响尤为显著。在对计量结果进行分析的基础上,本文给出了若干政策建议。 相似文献
44.
农村居民的住房建设是建设社会主义新农村的一个重要方面。通过分析农村居民的住房消费能力、住房消费支出状况,发现安徽农村居民对住房有较强的消费能力、住房负担呈加重趋势应引导农民合理进行改善型住房。提高农民收入水平,增强住房消费能力;发展农村住房金融市场;加强农村住房保障体系建设。 相似文献
45.
我国于2019年1月1日起实施个人所得税专项附加扣除制度。本次个人所得税改革推出专项附加扣除制度,是我国税制改革历史上的重要里程碑,将对我国居民收入分配、税制结构调整以及经济格局产生深远影响。本文采用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2015年的数据,通过微观模拟预估专项附加扣除制度改革前后家庭缴纳的个税差异,并在此基础上采用基尼系数、帕累托最优标准,测算和评价专项附加扣除制度对家庭劳动收入的再分配效应。研究发现,专项附加扣除制度尽管在一定程度上削弱了个税的收入再分配效应,但社会的整体福利得到提升,收入分布更接近帕累托最优。 相似文献
46.
Using panel data from Illinois grain farmers, a direct test of the relationship between income risk and farm consumption behavior is conducted. The estimation results indicate that income risk significantly affects farm consumption and the results are robust using alternative risk measures. This finding casts doubt on the relevance of the conventional life-cycle permanent income hypothesis, which implies that risk has no effect on consumption. 相似文献
47.
This paper investigates convergence patterns among China's provinces using GDP data for the period 1952–97. We analyze convergence behaviour on the basis of Markov chains proposed by Quah (1993 ) and the generalized entropy decomposition proposed by Shorrocks (1980, 1984 ). Both sets of results show similar evidence of convergence within the pre‐defined geo‐economic sub‐regions, but no evidence is found of convergence between the sub‐regions. This finding has important policy implications for regional economic development in China. JEL classification: C33, E20, O47. 相似文献
48.
Day-Yang Liu Wen-Jui Yang 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2013,22(1):83-100
A computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of Dutch disease economics in Taiwan's economy is established in order to examine the impacts of the imbalanced growth in output, endogenous learning effects from imports and exports and the import tariff reduction. Twenty-nine industry sectors and five quintiles of households are taken to measure the changes in industry structure and functional distribution of income. An imbalanced growth, either from output or exports, contributes to the reduction in the share of manufacturing industry, but the deterioration in the functional distribution of income only happens to an imbalanced growth in intersectoral output. A widespread trade liberalization policy helps to mitigate the Dutch disease phenomenon in the sense that de-industrialization and deterioration of the distribution of income by an imbalanced growth in manufacturing industry are not so severe. 相似文献
49.
One of the objectives of agricultural policy worldwide concerns the support of farm income. Common Agricultural Policy direct payments (DPs) are the main instruments to support farm income in the European Union. This article addresses their role in the concentration of farm income. This is done by calculating the Gini coefficient and its disaggregation in a large sample of Italian farms in the period between 2006 and 2007. Although this approach has been used to develop ex‐post analysis in previous studies, this article is innovative given that it is used here in an ex ante analysis aimed at evaluating the likely impact of a recent reform proposal. This latter requests changing the current model to a regional model of DPs application to make payment rates (i.e., payment per hectare) homogeneous among farms in the same region. The analysis shows that DPs and farm incomes are both very concentrated but that DPs allow for an income concentration reduction in Italian farms. The shift to a regional implementation reduces DPs concentration and, to a limited extent, farm income concentration. Of the considered regionalization scenarios, those that redistribute DPs among regions are the most effective in reducing concentration. The extension of the Gini considered approach to an ex ante setting seems effective because it provides insights that could feed the policy debate regarding the forthcoming reform. 相似文献
50.
Keijiro Otsuka 《Agricultural Economics》2013,44(Z1):7-18
I would like to argue in this article that in the process of economic development in land‐poor countries in Asia, agriculture faces three distinctly different problems: food insecurity, sectoral income inequality, and the declining food self‐sufficiency associated with the declining comparative advantage in agriculture at the high‐income stage. Massive imports of food grains to Asia, if they occur, will aggravate the world food shortage, which will have significant implications for the poverty incidence in the world. I argue that in order to avoid such a tragedy, Asia should expand farm size to reduce labor cost by adopting large‐scale mechanization, sub‐Saharan Africa should realize a green revolution in grain production, and Latin America should further expand its grain production capacity. 相似文献