风投机构联盟网络演变与联合投资行为研究

基于投中集团ChinaVenture数据库风险投资事件,从风投机构联盟网络及其子群层面实证检验风投机构网络位置对联合投资策略的影响。结果发现,网络位置与联合投资概率呈倒U型关系,与跨子群联合投资概率呈正U型关系,即随着网络位置上升,网络位置偏低机构更倾向于与原子群伙伴进行联合投资;网络位置偏高机构更倾向于独立投资,且在联合投资中更倾向于寻找跨子群联合伙伴。在我国风投机构联盟网络演变过程中,网络关系缔结或终止影响风投机构信息获取能力及投资决策。因此,政府应关注风投行业自发形成的联盟网络,掌握这一非正式制度的演变规律,以更好地培育当地风险投资市场。     

Party Politics and the Political Economy of Ghana’s Oil

Ghana’s status as a new oil producer raises questions about the developmental effects of resources, and the role of political institutions in these processes. The conundrum this paper addresses is the rather limited impact of oil exploitation in Ghana despite the country’s strong democratic record and internationally acclaimed oil governance legislation. The reasons for this lie in the nature of elite-based political coalitions and we root our analysis of Ghana’s hydrocarbons in the political settlements literature, which moves us beyond the ‘good governance’ approaches so often linked to ‘resource curse’ thinking. We also move beyond the instrumentalism of political settlements theory to examine the role political ideas play in shaping resource governance. We argue that inter-coalitional rivalry has generally undermined the benefits of Ghana’s oil but that a crude interests-based interpretation is insufficient to explain differences between these coalitions.     

企业非正式独占性机制、开放度与创新绩效关系的案例研究

针对我国本土企业面临的外部知识源爆炸性增长及合作创新收益捉襟见肘的窘境,以中国本土制造企业为研究对象,以企业创新获利为研究视角,探索中国管理情境下企业非正式独占性机制的表现特征,以及企业非正式独占性机制与开放度对本土制造企业创新绩效的共同作用机制,旨在揭示企业创新获利过程中内部要素的优先级,并验证企业非正式独占性机制与开放度对企业开放式创新绩效的共同作用。研究结论顺应了创新获利理论在发展中国家的发展趋势,丰富了创新系统和开放式创新理论。     

Education and earnings in urban West Africa

Using a series of comparable labor force surveys in urban West Africa, we estimate the private returns to education among representative samples of workers in seven economic capitals (Abidjan, Bamako, Cotonou, Dakar, Lome, Niamey and Ouagadougou). The data allow us to provide a unique cross-country comparison using rigorously the same variables and methodology for each country. We tackle the issues of endogenous sector allocation (public, formal private and informal sectors) and endogeneity of the education variable in the earnings functions. We find that the returns to schooling are most often enhanced once an endogenous education variable is accounted for. This effect holds particularly true in the informal sector. In most West African cities of our sample, the public sector gives more value to education, followed by the formal private sector and then the informal sector. We also shed light on convex returns to education in all the cities and sectors, including in informal activity. More generally, a major contribution of this paper is to provide evidence of significant effects of education on individual earnings in the informal sectors of the West African cities, even at high levels of schooling.     

Trust, trustworthiness, and risk in rural Paraguay

This dissertation looks at the relationship between trust, trustworthiness, and risk aversion in a rural Paraguayan setting. The first chapter of this dissertation looks at theft between farmers. Rural areas of developing countries often lack effective legal enforcement. However, villagers who know each other well and interact repeatedly may use implicit contracts to minimize crime. I construct a dynamic limited-commitment model in which a thief cannot credibly commit to forego stealing from his fellow villagers but may be induced to limit his stealing by the promise of future gifts from his potential victim. Using a unique survey from rural Paraguay which combines traditional data on production with information on theft, gifts, and trust, as well as with experiments measuring trust and trustworthiness, I test whether the data is consistent with predictions from the dynamic model. The results provide evidence that, in contrast with predictions from a one-period model with an anonymous thief, farmers do implicitly contract with one another to limit theft. Farmers who have more close family members in their village give fewer gifts, and farmers with plots which are more difficult to steal from give fewer gifts, experience less theft, and trust more. Gift-giving increases when trust is lower and the threat of theft is greater, turning the social capital literature on its head. The second chapter of this dissertation looks at a different linkage between trust, trustworthiness, and risk. Trusting behavior in general and play in the traditional trust experiment specifically depend both on trust beliefs and on levels of risk aversion. I ran two experiments with a diverse set of subjects in fifteen villages of rural Paraguay, the traditional trust experiment and a new experiment measuring only risk aversion. I find that risk attitudes are highly predictive of play in the trust game. In addition, omitting risk aversion as a regressor in trust regressions significantly changes the coefficients of important explanatory variables such as gender and wealth. The chair of this dissertation committee was Ethan Ligon and the other committee members were George Akerlof and Elisabeth Sadoulet.     

我国老年人与重疾患者对保单贴现的需求分析

保单贴现的出现,可以有效解决被保险人的资金需求,为年老且无劳动收入的保单持有人提供养老金。2012年6月发布的《化解国家资产负债中长期风险》研究报告预测:到2013年,中国养老金的缺口将达18.3万亿元。社保负担沉重,难以持续是一个全球性问题,届时很难指望政府解决养老问题,指望家庭也不现实。但在我国寿险快速发展的当下,建立保单贴现市场将有助于缓解社会及家庭的养老压力。另外,保单贴现还可以解决重症患者因昂贵医疗费用而无法及时得到治疗的问题。本文通过对老年人口数及30种疾病平均住院医药费用与退保金额的回归分析,说明老年人及重疾患者对保单贴现的需求,得出保单贴现在我国具有较大的潜在市场。因此,我国应尽快引入保单贴现业务。     

山东省农户自由借贷情况的实证分析及其新变化

我国农村自由借贷活动非常活跃,但由于经济发展差异,在不同省市的表现状态各不相同。文章从山东省入手来考查一般农户的自由借贷现状,并对其进行分析,最后总结出借贷情况在我国的新变化。     

南京城市人居环境质量预警研究

人居环境是人类生存和发展的基础,也是衡量人类社会进步与文化发展的重要标识。文章在人居环境尺度链中选择了城市尺度作为研究层次,采用人工神经网络方法对指标值进行预测,以南京市为研究对象,建立人居环境的预警系统,并进行了初步的预警研究。     

正式规则·非正式规则·潜规则

制度是由社会认可的非正式约束、国家规定的正式约束和实施机制所构成的体系,是为人们之间的相互关系而设定的激励与约束机制。正式规则与非正式规则是不可分割、相互依存、互为条件、相互补充,共同构成了的社会规则体系,而潜规则是正式规则的逆向选择和异化。从正式规则、非正式规则与潜规则的视角分析社会规则体系,有利于认识制度或规则之间的多重关系,有效发挥制度的激励与约束功能。     

论张中晓与《无梦楼随笔》——悲剧不仅是哀痛的，而且是光辉的

《无梦楼随笔》记录了张中晓在生命的最后十年关于哲学、政治、历史和人生的思考轨迹。作为一个独立的知识分子,他思考问题无一不以个人本位的维度为出发点,体现了他对个人价值和自由的高度重视。在极度困苦中,他坚持了知识分子的文化传统中最为可贵的一面,那就是,在逆境中也坚持对人类正义与良知的担当。面对人类现实的苦难和终极的不和谐,张中晓始终在探寻答案,在不屈不挠地和命运抗争。