3D printing,international trade,and FDI

We analyze the relationship between 3D printing technology, the volume of trade, and the structure of foreign direct investment (FDI). We present a standard trade model with firm-specific heterogeneity into which we include 3D printing as a technology choice for foreign direct investment. The model generates three predictions. First, 3D printers are introduced in areas with high economic activity that face high transport costs. Second, technological progress in 3D printing leads to FDI dependent on traditional techniques gradually being replaced by FDI based on 3D printing. Third, with wider adoption, further technological progress in 3D printing leads to a gradual replacement of international trade. Empirical evidence focusing on the sectors with the highest rates of adoption supports the first hypothesis, while evidence from a case study supports the second and third. Our results suggest that the traditional strategy of poor countries for export-led industrialization is threatened by the widespread adoption of 3D printing that replaces international trade.     

BIM技术在空间结构设计及现场施工中的应用

本文根据作者近二十年的一线工件经验,阐述空间结构的设计及施工过程。重点介绍三维建模的过程。     

Social manufacturing: When the maker movement meets interfirm production networks

New business models harnessing the power of individuals have already revolutionized service industries and digital content production. In this study, we investigate whether a similar phenomenon is taking place in manufacturing industries. We start by conceptually defining two distinct forms of firm-individual collaboration in manufacturing industries: (1) social cloud manufacturing, in which firms outsource manufacturing to individuals, and (2) social platform manufacturing, in which firms provide manufacturing services to individuals. We then empirically investigate the nature of firm-individual collaboration within these forms, focusing on the role of individuals. We find that the individuals are often makers who view their participation primarily as a hobby and are driven mainly by nonmonetary benefits, that the design process often involves both parties, and that the two forms of collaboration exploit different enabling technologies. Our findings suggest that firms working with individuals can potentially reap multiple benefits, including fresh ideas, broader design support, and quick delivery times. This article contributes to an improved understanding of how firms can build potentially disruptive business models in manufacturing industries by leveraging individuals, thereby adding to the emerging stream of literature on social manufacturing.     

Tracing the Evolution of Biomedical 3D Printing Technology Using Ontology-Based Patent Concept Analysis

Three-dimensional (3D) printing enables products to be custom-designed and produced using additive manufacturing processes. This research develops a patent analysis approach to explore biomedical 3D printing technology trends. First, the method searches for related patents. Second, frequently appearing key terms in patents are extracted as a means to identify key concepts of inventions. Third, in order to structure the domain knowledge, the ontology is created by referring to the relevant key terms and literature. The key terms create indexes used to measure similarities for clustering the patents and sub-technologies. Based on the patent context and dynamic patent concept analysis maps, the evolutionary trends of technology development are depicted. Biomedical 3D printing R&D projects are used as case examples to compare against co-occurring patent evolutions. The proposed patent concept analysis is generalisable for critical decision support of R&D planning and evaluation in any market sector.     

基于优胜劣汰原理的3D打印技术种群演进机理

基于生态学的优胜劣汰原理,应用演化博弈的动态复制方程分析具有竞争关系的两个3D打印技术种群的博弈问题。结果表明:处于同一技术生态系统环境中的两种竞争性3D打印技术种群,由于争夺的资源有限和市场相同,因此博弈中只有具有技术优势的3D打印技术种群才能最终生存下来。     

基于工作过程导向的中职民族印染技艺课程开发探索

专业课程开发是提高中职学校教学质量的重要举措。本文根据工作过程导向的课程开发流程,探索了基于工作过程导向的中职民族印染技艺课程开发,并结合教学实践体会,总结归纳了民族印染技艺课程开发关键步骤的工作内涵,为中职染整技术专业课程建设提供参考案例。     

印染行业推行清洁生产的紧迫性

通过对即染行业的特征及其对生态环境破坏的现状分析．说明印染企业造成的生态破坏已成为我国可持续发展的制约因素。分析了印染行业推行清洁生产的必要性．并根据当前印染行业清洁生产中存在的问题。提出相应的对策。     

覆膜对印刷品颜色影响的计算方法研究

覆膜是印刷品表面整饰加工的重要方法之一,但覆膜对印刷品颜色会产生一定影响,使覆膜前后印刷品的颜色产生一定差别,给印刷过程中颜色控制带来困难。本研究的目的是寻找覆膜对印刷颜色影响的定量规律,以便在印前图像处理和印刷过程中对印刷颜色进行事先控制和修正,使印刷品覆膜后的颜色达到最终的颜色要求。通过对印刷品进行亮光膜和亚光膜的覆膜实验,测量覆膜前后的颜色值,考察颜色变化规律,找出了用CIE XYZ三刺激值进行颜色修正的方法。该修正方法简单易行,可以用于实际生产。     

柔性版印刷传墨特性的研究

本文分析了柔性版印刷中油墨的转移过程及其影响因素,并针对影响油墨转移的各个因素,采用正交实验设计方法,选择最佳的正交实验表,进行印刷实验;通过正交实验表的直观分析和关系曲线分析得出传墨量与各因素之间的变化规律,可为提高柔性版质量提供参考依据。     

质量是印刷企业生存发展之本

质量是企业的生命,质量控制是企业赢得市场的关键,印刷企业必须树立印刷质量是印刷业生存之本的观念。印刷质量控制是现代印刷企业质量管理中的重要一环,是印刷企业里每个生产、管理从业人员必备的理论与技术知识。只有每个员工都懂得客户的重要性,才会有意识的去满足客户的需要,自觉自主地把好质量关,只有满足客户要求,能与客户获得双赢的企业,才能在竞争中立于不败之地,拥有开发新市场、寻求新机遇的条件,为员工进一步发展提供广阔的前景。