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91.
“定量宽松”政策的实质及对中国的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
在当前的国际经济与金融危机环境下,美国等西方国家通过扩大货币的发行量大规模增加时资本市场货币的供应,货币政策的重心向\"定量宽松\"政策倾斜.关于\"定量宽松\"货币政策的实质以及对中国的影响,我国经济学界已经展开了广泛的热议.本文认为,对这一问题应据据中国人民银行行长周小川提出的构建\"超主权国际储备货币\"的建议进行更深入探讨,本文在现有研究基础上,对此进行了进一步分析.  相似文献   
92.
论国际资本流动的货币冲击效应   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
在我国现行的有管理浮动汇率制度下,国际资本流动通过储备资产的变动、资本外逃等途径对中央银行基础货币投放量发生冲击,这种冲击影响着货币政策的有效性,为增强中央银行对货币供应量的控制能力,应该从操作资产、操作目标、操作手段三个方面改善公开市场业务,提高冲销操作的有效性。  相似文献   
93.
    
Understanding the nature of hospitals and their raison d'étre in an environment of increasing efficiency requirements is crucial for both the administrators of hospitals and health policy makers alike. This paper critically reviews traditional profit/utility maximising models of hospital behaviour and highlights their limitations in explaining this behaviour, especially with respect to nonprofit and public hospitals. Subsequently, the Yang‐Ng (1993) new classical model of the firm is applied to the Australian hospital setting and, by referring to the trade‐off between transaction costs and economies of specialisation, provides increased insight as to why particular hospitals even exist and the mix of their ownership structure. The low pricing efficiency of ‘intangible’ medical services necessitates the need to allocate such services within the hospital. However, the co‐existence of larger publicly‐funded state owned hospitals and non‐profit private hospitals is also justified on the grounds that economies of specialisation can be more readily reaped by larger organisations and may be traded‐off against transaction costs associated with markets representing intangible services.  相似文献   
94.
风险投资的发展策略分析——资本能量的视野   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
资本之所以具有不同的表现形态,完全是由资本所有者或持有人不同的性格特质所然,资本的本质是人对财富追求与保存方式的不同偏好,所代表的是人与人之间的相互关联、影响甚至制约的方式和能力。资本的能量状态可大体反映出资本主体(所有者或持有人)的活跃程度及其对社会经济的辐射度与影响力,资本能量的高低状态由资本的收益预期、资本的风险耐受和资本的流动偏好决定。从窖藏资本到储蓄资本及至风险资本等,随着资本能量的递进攀升,资本的机会成本逐渐减小,资本效率则不断提高,资本对社会经济的影响也更加扩散与分化。风险资本是一种优质高能资本,它不仅具有将这种资本能量向社会经济体中最具潜力群体释放的功能,而且能够整合低能资本并将其转化为高能资本。风险投资是高技术产业的助推器与孵化器,孕育和催生了新经济的时代大潮。我国风险投资业的发展必须从风险投资能量的影响因素入手,研究其能量激活策略。  相似文献   
95.
"新新贸易理论"的思想脉络及其发展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
新新贸易理论将企业异质性成功的引入到国际贸易模型中,从微观层面解释了贸易的发生及影响,从而开拓了国际贸易研究的新领域。新新贸易理论解释了为什么好的企业做国际贸易,而较次的企业做国内贸易这一现象,该理论认为,自由贸易可以提高产业生产率水平和社会福利,所以在政策上应该促进自由贸易而不是贸易保护。  相似文献   
96.
An Austrian interpretation of the New Keynesian small menu cost model of the business cycle is proposed. Austrian and New Keynesian business cycle theories share the feature that the cycle is generated by rigidities which prevent the economy from adapting instantaneously to changing conditions. Austrian business cycle theory is capital-based, focusing on credit expansion which artificially lowers interest rates and causes an investment boom and unsustainable business expansion. In contrast, the New Keynesian small menu cost model of the business cycle is based on nominal rigidities which prevent markets from clearing. Small menu costs introduce dichotomous behavior, where firms find it locally optimal to avoid instantaneous output price adjustments in the face of the cost, but this local optimum results in economy-wide output and employment fluctuations which are much greater in relative magnitude. The small menu cost model of the business cycle is extended and reinterpreted in light of Austrian business cycle theory with heterogeneous, multiply-specific capital, thus providing a rigorous formalization of the Austrian business cycle. The Austrian interpretation of this New Keynesian model fortuitously addresses several of its shortcomings. JEL classification B53, E12, E23, E32  相似文献   
97.
王一军  王筱萍 《现代财经》2007,27(11):35-37
在讨论分析了风险投资内涵及我国风险投资机构所面临的风险的基础上。认为借助保险分散风险投资主体的风险是我国风险投资主体的必然选择。并采用状态空间图分析了风险投资主体与保险公司之间的均衡保单问题,构造了风险投资主体借助保险分散风险的模型。对不同市场结构下的均衡问题进行了分析,最后得出了在不同市场结构下保险提供给风险投资主体的保单类型。  相似文献   
98.
Rapid construction of transoceanic fiber optic cables and the successful establishment of private satellite companies with inter-regional or global coverage have fundamentally altered the environment in which international telecommunications capacity is provided. This article presents industry data and discusses market developments which document substantial competition that has emerged in international facilities-based telecommunications. Intelsat, historically the largest provider of international telecommunications capacity, has seen its market position decline rapidly for all services and all major geographic market areas worldwide.  相似文献   
99.
    
Managerialism is often depicted as a key practice of neoliberalism yet relatively little has been written by scholars of neoliberalism about the actual relationship between managerialism and neoliberalism. Usually subsumed under a functional reading of neoliberalism, managerialism has too often been understood simply as a means for neoliberal ends (i.e. to promote market rule or competition). This paper challenges this perspective on the grounds that it conflates practices that stem from two different historical lineages. As we show, managerial governance not only has a very different history than neoliberal theory, but it also rests on different principles. Its development can be traced back to the US defence sector in the 1950s and the pivotal role of the RAND Corporation. On the basis of this historical perspective, we argue for the need to analyse managerialism on its own terms and make the case for considering the rise of managerial science as a paradigmatic shift in governance. In doing so, we show how managerial governance represented a radical rupture from previous management practices and show how it profoundly reshaped how we have come to understand governance.  相似文献   
100.
    
Latin American regional governance today represents a conglomerate of commercial, political and trans-societal welfarist integration projects. In this overlapping and sometimes conflicting scenario what Latin Americanness should mean, and how integration projects should respond to current challenges of global political economy are being redefined. The focus of the paper is twofold: to better understand current regional transformations and to discuss what new developments mean for how we theorise non-European regionalism. Looking at the Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas and the Union of South American Nations we ask: How are we to understand regional agreements that are grounded in different systems of rules, alternative ideas and motivations that contest ‘open regionalism’? We argue that Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) and Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA) represent different pathways to regional building, creating foundations for post-hegemonic and post-trade regional governance. We thus challenge New Regionalist approaches that assume regionalism as taking place within and modelled by neoliberal economics, establishing the debate around ‘old’ vs. ‘new’ regionalism. As these categories are limited in grasping the full meaning and implications of post-hegemonic regional orders, we discuss UNASUR and ALBA as ‘arenas for action’ to understand divergent practices, outcomes and types of regionness emerging in alternative regional spaces in South America.  相似文献   
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