成本计量模式与企业成本控制机制研究

成本计量模式存在着制造环节、价值链与商业模式三个视角的划分,它们反映了不同成本效益对称情形,三者间具有层次演进性。从成本与利润的关系看,企业内部就是成本计量,利润则是市场角度的成本补偿计量,企业机制就可以视为在有意义的领域做出独特或某种与众不同的贡献而进行的成本流程安排。企业健康成本结构应该是一个开放的以接纳先进价值观的信息综合体。企业要获得可持续竞争力就必须树立科学的成本控制观念。     

Foreign Direct Investment in the Enlarged EU: Do Taxes Matter and to What Extent?

Foreign direct investment is of increasing importance in the European Union. This paper estimates the effect of taxes on foreign direct investment (FDI) flows and on three sub-components of these flows for the countries of the enlarged European Union. The model in the spirit of gravity equations robustly explains FDI flows between the 25 member states. Sample selection needs to be addressed in the estimation. We show that the different subcomponents of FDI should and indeed do react differently to taxes. After controlling for unobserved country characteristics and common time effects, the top statutory corporate tax rate of both, source and host country, turn insignificant for total FDI and investment into equity. However, high source country taxes clearly increase the probability of firms to re-invest profits abroad and lower the percentage of debt financed FDI. This might reflect profit re-allocation to avoid taxes. Market size factors have the expected signs.

生态旅游产业转型升级驱动模型构建研究

促进旅游产业的转型升级,是实现生态旅游创新发展的前提.文章在分析动力主体和动力机制的基础上,构建生态旅游产业转型升级的动力模型,为生态旅游产业的可持续发展提供理论依据.     

优化外商直接投资结构的研究——基于行业FDI数据的VAR模型

根据1990—2010年全国国内生产总值（GDP）、FDI在制造业的投资额（FM）、FDI在服务业的投资额（FS）、FDI在房地产业的投资额（FRE）及在教育领域的投资额（FE）的统计数据进行基于VAR模型的实证分析,认为长期看,外商在制造业的投资额（FM）和在服务业的投资额（FS）的增加导致全国GDP的增加,外商在房地产业的投资额（FRE）以及在教育领域的投资额（FE）与GDP反向变动;短期看,对全国经济发展的短期影响程度由高到低,依次是FDI在服务业的投资额（FS）、在制造业的投资额（FM）和在教育领域的投资额（FE）以及在房地产业的投资额（FRE）。建议以国务院颁布的《外商投资产业指导目录》为导向,积极利用外资及优化外商投资结构,在发挥外资对我国经济的积极推动作用的同时尽量减少外资的负面影响。     

改进系列模型延伸法在马鞍山长江公路大桥桥墩局部冲刷试验中的应用

文章采用系列模型延伸法对桥墩周围复杂水流导致的局部冲刷问题进行研究。首先对系列模型的设计原理进行了简要说明,并以煤粉为模型沙,采用选取300年一遇(p=0.33%)、100年一遇(p=1%)和20年一遇(p=5%)3种极限洪水条件,对马鞍山公路大桥桥墩局部冲刷情况进行了试验研究,然后对系列模型试验结果与物理模型试验结果进行对比分析。     

浅析陕西省汽车营销模式的现状及发展对策

本文针对陕西省汽车营销模式的现状,总结当前陕西汽车营销模式中存在的不足,对陕西汽车营销模式发展提出了具体的对策。     

我国货币政策汇率传导机制有效性的实证研究

本文应用当代主流的计量经济学的研究方法,通过对2002年以来相关的经济金融月度数据的实证分析,探究了我国货币政策传导渠道之汇率传导渠道的运作机制以及传导效果。写作本文的目的不仅在于对汇率传导渠道的有效性得出一个基本判断,而且想借此判断在深入分析的基础上,不断完善我国货币政策传导的微观金融环境,期望进一步推动我国的金融市场建设和金融体制改革。     

Accommodating spatial correlation across choice alternatives in discrete choice models: an application to modeling residential location choice behavior

This paper presents a modeling methodology capable of accounting for spatial correlation across choice alternatives in discrete choice modeling applications. Many location choice (e.g., residential location, workplace location, destination location) modeling contexts involve choice sets where alternatives are spatially correlated with one another due to unobserved factors. In the presence of such spatial correlation, traditional discrete choice modeling methods that are often based on the assumption of independence among choice alternatives are not appropriate. In this paper, a Generalized Spatially Correlated Logit (GSCL) model that allows one to represent the degree of spatial correlation as a function of a multi-dimensional vector of attributes characterizing each pair of location choice alternatives is formulated and presented. The formulation of the GSCL model allows one to accommodate alternative correlation mechanisms rather than pre-imposing restrictive correlation assumptions on the location choice alternatives. The model is applied to the analysis of residential location choice behavior using a sample of households drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey (BATS) data set. Model estimation results obtained from the GSCL are compared against those obtained using the standard multinomial logit (MNL) model and the spatially correlated logit (SCL) model where only correlations across neighboring (or adjacent) alternatives are accommodated. Model findings suggest that there is significant spatial correlation across alternatives that do not share a common boundary, and that the GSCL offers the ability to more accurately capture spatial location choice behavior.     

Analyzing air cargo flows of international routes: an empirical study of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport

Air cargo demand is an important aspect of the operation and planning of private and public agencies responsible for airports. While most existing studies in this field include only geo-economic characteristics of airports and their hinterlands as explanatory variables, this study develops a gravity model of air cargo flows by trying to incorporate more factors that might influence international air cargo flows of an airport. The model is developed based on the panel data of air cargo services on scheduled routes at Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport during the years 2004-2007. The results indicate that population, air freight rate and three dummy variables, including the regional economic bloc of the “Chinese Circle”(an informal partnership between Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and mainland China), the Open Sky Agreements and long established colonial links, are key determinants of international air cargo flows from/to Taiwan. These results suggest a wider array of factors needs to be considered in policy.     

ICE产业的崛起及其对美国经济的影响——虚拟经济与实体经济的“去脱节化”探索之二

本文讨论ICE产业在美国的发展的趋势与前景;揭示ICE产业的经济属性与模式特征;进而分析ICE产业对美国经济增长、产业结构、劳动生产率以及就业结构的影响.论文还探讨了ICE产业在“虚拟经济与实体经济的去脱节化”进程中的作用,并透视ICE产业在美国“再产业化”乃至整个世界重建进程中的划时代意义.