Cluster Analysis in Data‐Driven Management and Decisions

Clustering plays an important role in management and decision‐making processes. This paper first discusses three types of cluster analysis methods—centroid‐based, connectivity‐based, and density‐based. Then the challenges to traditional clustering in new business environments are highlighted, with algorithmic extensions and innovative efforts for coping with data that is dynamic, large‐scale, representative, non‐convex, and consensus in nature. In addition, three application cases are illustrated, where clustering is incorporated into the overall solution in the contexts of management support, business of sharing economy, and healthcare decision assistance.     

面向代建制的公共水利工程行政管理体制转型研究

我国公共水利工程建设管理面临的问题越来越多地体现在体制性上,并非在工程本身上。代建制是建设管理体制改革的一种较好的选择。本文总结了面向代建制的公共水利工程行政管理体制转型政策依据,分析了转型的方向、内涵和职能,提出了两种转型路径及其影响的关键因素。     

基于FAST的医院文化的功能分析

本文基于价值工程(Value Engineering,VE)的原理和方法,对医院文化的功能体系开展了分析,认为医院文化的最终功能一是促进医院的健康发展,二是促进社区的和谐。其基本功能包括显性文化的功能和隐性文化功能二种。在此基础上,探讨了医院文化的实现手段和基础需求。     

东北特殊钢集团作业成本管理案例研究

本文以东北特殊钢集团为例,着重对特钢集团成本管理理论和应用体系进行研究。通过分析特钢集团业务流程特点建立了作业成本管理模型,在现代集成制造环境下构建了成本管理与其他企业管理职能间的集成关系,分析了各职能部门在成本管理中的作用,并提出了在软件信息交互关系及分布式环境下的实现体系,分析了案例企业的应用效果。通过案例分析表明该研究有利于细化企业成本管理和控制粒度,对我国特钢集团成本管理具有直接的参考价值。     

美日诺贝尔科学奖多获得性成因分析及对中国科研管理的启示

自2015年屠呦呦获得诺贝尔生理医学奖以来,国内引发了众多学者对于诺贝尔科学奖的极大关注。纵观诺贝尔科学奖100多年的颁发历程,美国无疑是获奖最多的国家,而日本则是亚洲获奖最多的国家。为此,分析了美国、日本诺贝尔科学奖多获得性的主要成因,并提出针对中国科研管理的一些引领性建议和可能性举措。     

医院计算机管理系统

本文基于医院计算机系统设计原则,结合医院网络建设的网络配置技术,提出了网络建设的方案,并对其运行环境及日常管理进行了分析。     

Emergency preparedness in Romania: Dynamics,shortcomings and policy proposals

Romanians were exposed in the last century to a range of natural or man-made disasters, mainly earthquakes and floods. The transition of the country from a Communist authoritarian pattern of emergency preparedness to a democratically civilian emergency system challenges the assessment of emergency preparedness and adds more complexity in designing a better and efficient system. The aim of this paper is to briefly describe the risks and institutions dealing with disasters, to assess the emergency preparedness, the uses of Knowledge Management Systems and Foresight Methodology approaches and to discover the shortcomings of the Romanian Emergency System. The empirical study designed as a reality check focuses on the perception of the local leaders of the emergency system regarding the most probable risks, and the uses and utility of long term strategic planning and foresight methodologies, using the Delphi technique. Lessons drawn from the Romanian transition could provide an interesting case study for other emerging democracies.     

Future S&T management policy issues—2025 global scenarios

This article presents four scenarios depicting science and technology (S&T) management dilemmas of the next two decades. The scenarios concern the balance between risk and promise, between the need to steer the directions of S&T, to minimize risk, and the need to maintain a free and unconstrained S&T agenda. These scenarios were constructed in the third year of the Millennium Project's study of this topic. The scenarios were formed in an interactive process with the project's international participants. The key policies that were found to be useful in all of the scenarios include (1) when considering the possibility of the misuse of weapons of mass destruction by terrorists, include the possibility of misuse by a single individual, acting alone; (2) establish mechanisms and techniques for making possible the explicit unintended consequences of scientific research and technology, including malicious uses; (3) for desirable technologies, where it may not be possible to avoid significant risks, develop mitigation strategies in parallel; (4) teach science ethics.     

选举提名方式与土地管理体制:村民对村领导行为及其绩效的评价

提名方式是选举的重要组成部分 ,农村民主选举的不同提名方式对村领导的行为及其绩效有不同的影响。对土地的投入是农村普遍的经济活动 ,与土地相关的活动对村民来说是至关重要的 ,村民对村领导决定的土地分配有着强烈的反响。从农村民主选举与土地管理体制的角度来研究选举提名方式是农村民主政治建设研究的一个新视角。     

文化差异视角下的英汉颜色词的联想

不同的民族由于地理、民俗、宗教及价值观念等方面的差异,在表达同一概念时,词汇被赋予了许多的联想意义。掌握汉英颜色词不同的文化联想意蕴,并且了解产生这些不同联想意义的原因不仅有利于提高英语学习水平,还能促进和加强中西文化之间的交流。