中美两国影视产业国际竞争力的比较研究——基于全球价值链视角

本文基于2002-2010年的UNCTAD数据,选取贸易竞争力指数、国际市场占有率指数、显示性比较优势指数、纯出口比较优势指数四个指标,测度中美两国影视产业的国际竞争力状况。结果表明:中国影视产业国际竞争力与美国存在巨大差距,但其差距呈现递减趋势。从全球价值链视角而言,中国影视产业尚处于全球影视产业价值链低端,核心价值链环节自我构建尚未完成;影视产业高端价值链运营能力不足,影视衍生品开发不够。因此,积极嵌入全球价值链,促进影视产业价值链的整合与升级才是提升中国影视产业国际竞争力的根本之道。     

影视型主题公园旅游开发“共生”模式研究及其产业聚落诉求——以央视无锡影视基地为例

本文在梳理影视型主题公园溯源的基础上,分析了无锡影视基地产生、发展及其旅游开发的"共生"运营模式,认为无锡影视基地的成功主要是依托管理主体特殊性、区位及选址优越性、影视与旅游产业的融合及文化同存"四位一体共生",多元因素共同作用的结果.同时认为无锡影视基地在其主题产品衍生产业尚未形成的情况下,现有的展演内容、形式和表现手法极易被移植或复制.在体验经济时代,影视旅游后续开发及质量的提升、转型将成为一种必然.本文最后提出了无锡影视基地影视旅游产业聚落基础、优势及实现建议.     

继承与批判——试论西方马克思主义代表人物阿多诺与本雅明

阿多诺从本雅明那里借用了一些术语用在了自己的思想中,如星从、变移、自然史等,并赋予了这些术语以新的概念和内涵.与本雅明对大众文化的乐观不同,阿多诺对此持否定态度.但是我们也应该看到,阿多诺不是简单浮浅地予以否定,他认为不论是大众文化还是高雅文化,都被资本主义侵蚀和歪曲了,二者都有应该受到批判的部分.     

Estimating the Effects of Movie Piracy on Box-office Revenue

Piracy is one of the most challenging problems faced by the motion picture industry. The Motion Picture Association of America estimates that US studios lose more than $3 billion annually in box office revenue from piracy. They have launched a major effort to prevent these losses. Yet their efforts are hampered by the ex post, counterfactual, and indirect methods by which losses are usually estimated. This paper addresses these issues directly. We develop and estimate a statistical model of the effects of piracy on the box-office performance of a widely-released movie. The model discredits the argument that piracy increases sales, showing unambiguously that Internet piracy diminished the box-office revenues of a widely released motion picture. The model overcomes a major weakness of counterfactual or “but for piracy” methods widely used to estimate damages. These counterfactual methods violate the “nobody knows” principle because they forecast what the movie would have earned in the absence piracy. The model we present does not violate this basic principle of motion picture uncertainty. We estimate that pre-release and contemporaneous Internet downloads of a major studio movie accelerated its box-office revenue decline and caused the picture to lose about $40 million in revenue.      

Consumer personality and lifestyles at the box office and beyond: How demographics,lifestyles and personalities predict movie consumption

While movie studios have leveraged data traditionally through demographics, there may be missed opportunities in securing further granular insights through personality and lifestyle scales. Due to the amount of hyper-competition among movies but also across platforms, marketers and advertisers may revisit consideration of how consumer personality and consumer lifestyle may aid them in predicting movie frequency consumption across genres and platforms. This study deployed a survey and collected a national randomized sample (N=301). Implications include cultivating consumer profiles and anticipating how certain personalities and lifestyles may help measure certain movie genre and movie platform consumption.     

Do expert reviews affect the decision to see motion pictures in movie theatres? An experimental approach

The positive correlation between favourable expert reviews and the economic success of motion pictures suggests that potential moviegoers are encouraged to see a particular movie by the good reviews it has received. Yet experimental evidence on actual consumers is mixed as to whether or not this is the case. Against this background, we examine the relationship between movie critics’ reviews and the decision to see motion pictures in movie theatres. Based on an experimental approach using four treatments – no review, a poor/OK minus review, an OK/OK plus review and a very good review – movie-seeing decisions for seven movie genres are examined. What we find is at odds with experimental studies, yielding as they do mixed results for the association between favourable reviews and movie preference. Seemingly unrelated regressions consistently show that the better the expert review of a movie, the more likely it is that people will see it. Yet the magnitude of the effects of expert reviews appears both somewhat genre specific and gender specific.     

Piracy or promotion? The impact of broadband Internet penetration on DVD sales

The Internet provides copyright holders with new sales and promotional channels for their content, while also providing consumers with new opportunities to illegally obtain free copies of this content. Unfortunately, disentangling these two effects is extremely difficult.In this paper we attempt to disentangle these two effects by applying fixed effects and first difference models to a new dataset quantifying changes in broadband Internet penetration and DVD sales at a local level from 2000 to 2003. We then compare our results to those reported in Liebowitz (2008), who uses similar models in a similar time period on a similar product category: music CDs.Unlike Liebowitz, who finds a strong negative impact of broadband penetration on music sales, our results show that increased broadband penetration leads to a significant increase in DVD sales. Using the most conservative results, 9.3% of the $14.1 billion increase in DVD sales during our study period can be attributed to increased broadband penetration. One interpretation of these results is that the difference arises from differences in the ability to pirate these two types of content: while Internet music piracy was easy and rampant from 2000 to 2003, Internet movie piracy was difficult and of generally low quality in this time period. If this interpretation is true it would suggest that, in the absence of piracy, the Internet has an overall strong positive impact on media sales.     

New Release: An Empirical Analysis of VHS/DVD Rental Success

This paper studies movie rental revenue in the home video industry. Using a cross-section of the top 100 films from 2001 as a sample, domestic Video Home System (VHS) and Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) rental revenues are tested for responsiveness to independent variables including: box office gross revenue, production budget, aggregate critic rating, Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) rating, genre, star power, word-of-mouth information, total award nominations, and economic variables. Results for the Ordinary Least Squares regressions reveal positive impacts of box office revenue, stardom, Restricted (R) and Parents Strongly Cautioned (PG-13) MPAA ratings, and some genres on VHS and DVD gross rental revenues. The positive and significant coefficient on the income variable for the DVD regression and the uniform lack of significance for the award, critic rating, and word-of-mouth variables are of particular interest.

Scheduling a capacitated single machine with time deteriorating job values

We address the scheduling problem with the following characteristics: (i) there is a single machine available, (ii) the machine has limited capacity, and (iii) job value deteriorates with time. The problem is motivated from several real world situations, such as, downloading process of web pages, and scheduling of multiplexes. Since the problem is NP-hard, we propose new heuristics based on a multiplicative piece-wise metric as an approximation of the slope of job value deterioration. Computational results show that the proposed heuristics perform better than other existing heuristics for similar types of problems.     

Film tourism – Evolution,progress and prospects

Film tourism has emerged as a major growth sector for research in tourism and it is widely recognised as a driver of tourism development for many destinations. To date, there has been a relatively substantial literature on the subject, little of which has sought to synthesise and engage with the wider social science paradigm of culture, film and media research. The aim of this Progress Review is to critically evaluate film tourism as a subject of cross-disciplinary academic study, highlighting the major research themes, issues and contributing conceptual frameworks, critiquing existing and developing perspectives and addressing critical gaps in knowledge. This review is particularly timely as the literature on film tourism has not been synthesised from a cross-disciplinary perspective. Accordingly, this paper seeks to provide a road map of the exponential growth in social science literature associated with the cognate areas that study, or contribute to, film tourism.