Analysis of household attitudes toward the purchase of livestock products and fish in Cameroon

The need for additional information on household demand for meat and fish in Cameroon is addressed. Probit analysis involving the Heckman selectivity correction procedure is used to estimate the effects of individual and household characteristics on demand for beef, chicken, pork and fish. Results indicate that fish is a relative necessity in Cameroon and is often substituted for beef and chicken by households whose profiles include being of low income levels, having large household sizes, are of middle age and are less educated. Whereas chicken and pork substitute each other, they are each complementary to beef. The profiles of households likely to purchase beef include being married, middle age, educated and of the Muslim faith. Profiles for households most likely to increase their purchases of chicken include being of high income levels and are public sector employed. Some policy implications are provided.     

Are ‘New’ Donors Different? Comparing the Allocation of Bilateral Aid Between nonDAC and DAC Donor Countries

Major DAC donors are widely criticized for weak targeting of aid, selfish aid motives, and insufficient coordination. The emergence of an increasing number of new donors may further complicate the coordination of international aid efforts. At the same time, it is open to question whether new donors (many of which were aid recipients until recently) are more altruistic and provide better targeted aid according to need and merit. Project-level data on aid by new donors, as collected by the AidData initiative, allow for empirical analyses comparing the allocation behavior of new versus old donors. We employ Probit and Tobit models and test for significant differences in the distribution of aid by new and old donors across recipient countries. We find that, on average, new donors care less for recipient need than old donors. New and old donors behave similarly in several respects, however. They disregard merit by not taking the level of corruption in recipient countries into account. Concerns that commercial self-interest distorts the allocation of aid seem to be overblown for both groups.     

农户分层信贷渠道选择行为及其影响因素分析——基于农村二元金融结构的实证研究

本文基于来自中国12省市的农户家庭信贷的微观数据,运用Probit模型实证分析了在正规金融渠道与非正规金融渠道相互独立和相互影响下,高收入与低收入农户信贷渠道选择行为的影响因素,解析中国农村二元金融结构特征下的农户分层信贷渠道选择行为。本文研究发现,家庭特征、经济特征以及金融生态环境对高收入与低收入农户信贷渠道的选择行为有着不同的影响。基于经验研究的基础上,提出中国二元金融结构特征下的深化农村金融改革的政策建议。     

农业转移人口市民化决策的影响因素分析——基于湖南省6091名农村流动人口的调查

[目的]文章通过意愿需求和制度供给两个层面分析湖南省农业转移人口市民化影响的代际差异,为地方政府制定针对性的政策提供指导意见。[方法]文章基于湖南省6 091名农村流动人口样本,选取农业转移人口的后顾之忧为核心解释变量,其余个体特征、家庭特征和流动特征为控制变量,构建双变量Probit模型,实证分析农业转移人口市民化的影响因素与代际差异,通过城市和年龄的固定效应进行稳健性检验。[结果]相比于"务工经商"的流动群体,拥有"较稳定的职业""较高的收入"和"已建立健康档案"的农业转移人口更倾向于在城市落户定居;现有市民化政策更加倾向于男性,但女性的落户意愿反而更强;"受教育程度越高,落户可能性越大"仅限于第一代农民工;有赡养老人和抚养子女需求的农民工更愿意留在城市。[结论]统筹城乡医疗保险、关注进城务工子女教育、加大职业技能培训和健康教育宣传能够加快推进农业转移人口市民化进程。     

家庭个体特征对居民借款行为的影响——来自中国家庭的经验证据

金融市场对于支持和鼓励家庭借款进而刺激家庭消费起着愈发重要的作用。作为家庭消费金融意识的重要体现,居民借款行为正在受到更多的关注。本文认为居民家庭借款行为包含两层含义:1.家庭是否有借款;2.家庭借款渠道的选择。利用CFPS调查项目中京沪粤三省市家庭借款行为的微观数据,本文运用Logit模型和Probit模型对影响居民家庭借款行为的家庭个体特征进行了实证分析,解析了不同家庭个体特征对借款行为的影响情况,并得出有关结论与启示。     

技术中介在技术交易服务中是否存在下沉倾向——基于买方选择视角的验证

技术要素转移与交易对技术中介有较强的依赖性，而技术中介的存在能够有效降低交易过程中的信息失衡，为买方交易提供必要支持，技术中介服务直接影响技术交易效率。当代技术中介服务已经形成较大规模，提供服务的种类也较为全面，整体上适应了技术市场发展需要。但是，由技术中介参与的大量交易都存在低端化倾向，据此提出中介服务下沉化假设，并构建选择影响因素模型。通过对买方企业数据的采集与回归，发现无论是全样本还是分类样本均有效验证了主要假设变量。因此，为保障技术中介合理发展，从政策层面应重点关注如何提升服务质量，使其服务于中高端技术交易需求。     

Exploring the development trend of internet finance in China: Perspective from club convergence

We first employ β-conditional convergence and log t regression tests based on nonlinear time-varying factor model and club clustering algorithm to analyze the convergence characteristics of the development level of Internet finance in 335 prefecture-level cities in China. The result of log t regression test illustrates that there is no convergence as a whole in the development level of China's Internet finance. However, seven convergence clubs and a divergent group have been formed, and the development level and growth rate of Internet finance among these convergence clubs have shown obvious differences. Moreover, we also employ the Ordered Probit to explore the formation mechanism of the convergence clubs. The results reveal that the regions with a higher level of economic development, traditional financial development, economic openness and Internet development are more inclined to converge in a club with a higher Internet finance development level. Alternatively, the regions that are interfered with more by the government or that have a lower degree of marketization, tend to converge in a club with a lower level. Finally, according to the conclusions, we propose corresponding policy recommendations for promoting the regional coordinated development of China's Internet finance.     

The Effect of the Interaction between Price and Time Preference on Cigarette Consumption among Pregnant Women

In this study, I explore smoking behavior among pregnant U.S. women using the 1979 cohort of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. The key aspect of this study is the availability of smoking participation data before and during pregnancy. I consider the probabilities of smoking cessation while pregnant as the outcome. I find that pregnant women who smoke are less responsive to price changes when they are more future-oriented. Women who are more present-oriented are more likely to smoke and consume more cigarettes given that they smoke more than those who are future-oriented. Moreover, those who discount the future more heavily are more sensitive to the money price of cigarettes than those who are more future-oriented. I focus on the role of time preference and the interaction between time preference and price in determining these outcomes.     

中国健康险市场逆向选择和正向选择并存现象的研究

本文以中国的健康险市场为例,考察不对称信息的影响。通过考察投保人投保金额以及附加险选择和索赔情况的相关关系,论文发现事后出现索赔的投保人,事前往往会选择购买附加险,但是投保金额却相对较低。结合理论模型分析,论文认为投保人在财富、风险偏好等方面的异质性以及信息不对称的存在是导致市场同时出现逆向选择和正向选择的主要原因。     

中国农业居民医疗保险需求及其影响因素分析

本文基于2006年的微观横截面数据,运用似不相关二维probit模型与工具变量,分析了我国农业居民医疗保险需求及其影响因素,并着重考察了新型农村合作医疗保险与商业医疗保险之间的关系。研究的主要结论:一是参加新型农村合作医疗对乡村农业居民购买商业医疗保险有较显著的刺激作用;二是教育水平、年龄、居住省份、职业对乡村农业居民是否参加新型农村合作医疗有显著影响;职业、家庭规模和地区经济发展水平对乡村农业居民是否购买商业医疗保险有显著影响;三是在乡村农业居民是否参加新型农村合作医疗的决策中观测到逆向选择的行为。