现代物流服务企业价值链的分析与构建

文章分析了现代物流服务企业所具有的服务企业和制造企业的双重特点,剖析了在现代物流服务企业价值链分析中运用基本价值链模型和服务价值链模型可能存在的局限性,在此基础上探讨了现代物流服务企业价值链模型的构建。     

中国养老保险最优缴费率的实证分析——基于贴现因子和劳动增长率差异的分析

从个人效用和社会福利最大化的角度出发,养老保险制度存在着最优的缴费率.最优缴费率与资本产出弹性a、未来效用的贴现因子p、人口增长率n、有效劳动增长率g、个人工资与社会平均工资的比例λ等参数有关.结合中国现实,在其他参数不变的前提下,依据贴现因子和劳动增长率的变动能够形成四组组合模式.模拟结论表明,现行养老保险制度的社会统筹缴费率是符合福利最大化的最优缴费率;现行养老保险制度的个人账户缴费率与实现福利最大化的最优个人账户缴费率相比是偏低的;缴费期的长短与最优社会统筹缴费率的高低成正比而与最优个人账户缴费率的高低成反比;有效劳动增长率的高低与最优社会统筹缴费率成正比而与最优个人账户缴费率成反比.     

Growth-focused or profit-focused firms: Transitions toward profitable growth

Profitable growth is the most desirable state tourism and hospitality firm managers can hope to achieve. In reality, however, it is not easy for a tourism and hospitality firm to consistently grow and accumulate profits. In order to achieve profitable growth, some firms focus on sales growth while victimizing profits, while others concentrate on profits and hold off on growth. To better understand these strategies, this study investigated the growth state, profit state and transitions of restaurant firms. The findings of this study supported that profit-focused firms are more likely to achieve profitable growth than growth-focused firms. In addition, growth-focused firms with low liquidity had a higher likelihood of transitioning to a state of low growth and low profit in the short-term, and this liquidity effect was more serious for small firms in terms of long-term performance. Further, when profit-focused firms had few growth opportunities, large free cash flows increased the likelihood of transitioning to a state of low growth and low profit in the short-term. More detailed results are provided in this paper.     

论营改增对交通运输企业利润的影响——以中海发展股份公司为例

2016年5月1日,营改增将进行最后四个行业的全面试点,从2012年首先开始于交通运输业等行业的营改增,已经进入了收关之际.从历经4年多的试点结果来看,从2012年试点到2015年底,"营改增"已经累计减税5000多亿元,结构性减税效果明显.交通运输业作为我国重要的行业,又是第一批试点行业,虽然交通运输业营改增后,流转税负呈下降的趋势,但对交通运输行业的利润影响是否是正向的还需要科学的研究,因此,本文以中海发展股份公司为例,分析营改增后影响交通运输业利润的变化及因素,并给出相应的建议.     

我国旅游景区门票多目标定价机制研究

传统产品定价研究大都从市场供需出发,以利润最大化来设置产品价格.然而景区门票价格是由市场因素和政策因素共同作用形成,景区门票定价不仅要满足景区经营方的利润最优目标,还应符合景区的生态承栽能力和社会福利目标.文章通过建立景区基于利润最优目标、生态承裁力目标和社会福利最优目标模型,证明了当追求利润最大化目标时,景区应该以产业利润最大化来制定门票价格;当景区生态承载能力低于产业利润最优的游客数量时,票价应该根据生态承栽人数来制定;当公共景区基于社会福利最优定价时,完全免费并不一定是社会福利的最优选择.在此基础上,对多目标定价机制进行比较分析,并结合杭州西湖景区案例对多目标门票定价机制进行了动态综合研究.     

企业财务管理目标的合理选择——企业价值最大化

财务管理目标是企业在特定的理财环境中通过组织财务活动和综合处理财务关系所要达到的根本目的.本文在分析我国目前关于财务管理目标的观点的基础上论述了企业价值最大化是财务管理目标的合理选择.     

经济资本:商业银行经营革命

基于风险调整后的资本收益率模型的经济资本的概念,20世纪90年代后期被欧洲和美国的一些大型商业银行广泛应用.作为现代商业银行经营管理的"核心技术",它广泛运用于商业银行经营管理的各个层面,为商业银行的经营管理提供了科学的标准和依据.本文将从资本监管、绩效考评、风险控制和经营理念四个方面阐明经济资本在风险管理方面的卓越功效,旨在阐明它所蕴含的理念对于推动我国商业银行由粗放经营转向集约经营所起的革命性作用.     

机制设计视角的O2O模式科学性分析

O2O模式的升级与转型是目前电商行业的热点问题。运用机制设计理论,分析O2O不同经营类型的科学性,验证不同O2O类型与盈利模式间的关系。理论分析发现:相对于独立型与复合型团购,平台型团购能够较好地处理传统营销中买卖双方的信用关系,具有机制设计上的优势性。实证分析显示:平台型团购的盈利模式侧重于新型的增值业务收入,独立型与复合型团购侧重于商品的进销差价等传统盈利模式,消费者投诉绝大部分集中在独立型与复合型团购。     

利用会计报表识别上市公司利润操纵行为

企业会计报表是综合反映一定时期财务状况、经营成果以及财务状况变动的书面文件,真实、公允的会计报表可以促进社会资源的合理配置。但现实生活中,企业管理层为了达到获取非法利益的目的而蓄意粉饰会计报表,通过各种办法来进行利润操纵。本文试图通过会计报表,对上市公司常见的利润操纵进行识别分析,从而对企业提供的会计信息有一个更加清醒、正确的认识。     

Flat versus spatially variable tolling: A case study in Fresno,California

A number of studies have examined the feasibility of temporal variations in tolls. However, spatial variation in tolls has not received much attention, especially in practice. Spatial variation could effectively reduce congestion and increase profits. To fill this gap, we conduct an empirical application on 3 different road segments using the Fresno, California's transportation planning model. Our modeling results in a number of interesting insights. First, the derived optimal flat toll values are very close to the average variable tolls, but the effects of applying spatially variable tolls on improving total revenues (from 4% to 24%) and total improved travel time (from 18% to 1083%) measures are significant. Second, spatially variable tolls are more effective, but more costly, particularly for arterials, which can be attributed to the higher number of access points for arterials. Third, spatial variations in tolls are more effective for peak hours than for off-peak hours and for social optimization than for profit maximization. Fourth, to improve throughputs for both profit maximization and social optimization, the prevalent tolling pattern along a corridor induces lower final volumes per capacity (V/Cs) (after pricing) at the mainline flow sections and relatively higher final V/Cs at the entrance and exit (boundary) points. Finally, optimal toll patterns are not dependent on vehicle miles traveled (VMTs) or volumes but, rather, are related to targeted V/Cs. Therefore, flow-dependent charges along a corridor should be based on V/Cs rather than on volumes or VMTs.