Relationship stability, trust and relational risk in marketing channels: Evidence from China

This paper provides an integrated framework for examining effects of relationship stability and trust on relational risk and for exploring the moderating effects of guanxi on the relationships between trust and relational risk in marketing channels. The framework is tested with 225 dyads of questionnaires about buyer-supplier relationships in the Chinese household appliances sector. The results indicate that relationship length and dyadic solidarity can reduce the relational risk perceived by buyers through goodwill trust in their suppliers, but can increase the perceived relational risk through trust in their competence. Guanxi helps to weaken the positive relationship between a buyer's trust in suppliers' competence and its perceived relational risk, and dyadic solidarity can directly lower relational risk. This paper makes clear that buyers locked in a stable relationship will face relational risk, and it further identifies the specific variables which impact on the relational risk and the paths from which relational risk comes.     

中国区域经济“二重开放”与制造业区域集聚

一国内部区域经济的开放属于某种"二重"开放--区际开放和国际开放.以中国区域经济开放的"二重"性特征为前提条件,分三个层面实证考察中国制造业区域集聚中的区际开放和国际开放因素:一般层面的"二重开放"与制造业区域集聚之间的关联性;省际层面的制造业集聚诸因素中的"二重开放"因素;时间与地域有别层面的"二重开放"集聚效应差异.借助成熟模型进行的数据分析表明.在这三个层面, "二重开放"的制造业集聚效应均明显可鉴.研究还显示,入世前,国际开放的制造业集聚效应大于区际开放;入世后,区际开放的制造业集聚效应超过了国际开放.国际开放与区际开放对制造业集聚影响力度的改变,与中国区域经济"二重开放"路径模式相吻合.     

Asset specificity roles in interfirm cooperation: Reducing opportunistic behavior or increasing cooperative behavior?

Extant research offers two alternative mechanisms for relating the asset specificity of a cooperative relationship to partnership performance. Transaction cost economics argues that the specific assets invested in a partnership increase the hazards of opportunism. As firms select appropriate governance structures to reduce opportunistic behavior, performance increases. On the other hand, relational exchange theory suggests that asset specificity enhances the trust between partners, which in turn leads to more cooperative behavior and higher partnership performance. This paper tests both mechanisms simultaneously on a sample of procurement relationships between Hong Kong trading firms and their Chinese suppliers using SEM methods. Our results support the predictions of relational exchange theory more than those of transaction cost economics. The paper also discusses the role of the Chinese context on theory application.     

基于虚实二重性分析的房地产理论重构

传统的仅从实体经济的角度来研究房地产的经济理论已经不能完全诠释当今房地产经济发展的现实。通过对房地产从虚拟经济角度进行分析,我们可以发现,房地产具有实体资产和虚拟资产二重属性。正是房地产的这种特性决定了房地产具有稳定经济的职能,对经济增长具有重要意义。因此,我们应该在房地产虚实二重性的基础上重构房地产经济理论。     

商品供求理论的对偶关系及其意义

发现西方经济学等课程中诸多理论体系存在显著的对偶规律,这是由具有某种关联的两个对偶事物各自引出的知识体系之间的大同小异本性。主张在教学中注意发掘和利用这种客观存在的对偶规律以收事半功倍之效。分析供给行为理论和需求行为理论的对偶本性,在阐释其概念、原理、方法、规律、图形等等知识点时,将其两两合二为一,可达学一知二。文章还讨论了无差异曲线和等产量曲线的极端化情形及其对偶性。     

我国二元经济与二元意识互动性分析

我国经济的二元性决定社会意识的二元性,两者之间具有互动性的关系。伴随着二元经济向完全现代经 济转化。二元意识也向完全现代意识发展。但在转化过程中,社会意识,尤其是传统意识,或者成为我国经济发展 的障碍性因素;或者渗透到经济运行中,使我国经济的运行具有了某些来自传统意识的特性。     

从异化劳动到劳动的二重性:马克思的人学探索

异化劳动学说中工人同自己的类本质相异化蕴含着工人在资本主义社会中的双重存在——这一思想在《德意志意识形态》中被马克思进一步表述为"现实的人"的双重存在:一方面是作为个体的"现实的人"的存在;另一方面是作为共同体的"现实的人"的存在。"现实的人"的双重存在产生了劳动的二重性,劳动的二重性则形成了商品的二重性:作为个体的"现实的人"的具体劳动形成商品的使用价值;作为共同体的"现实的人"的抽象劳动则形成商品的价值。以此为理论基石,马克思写成其政治经济学批判的巨著《资本论》。     

The influence of relative values of outside director stock options on firm strategic risk from a multiagent perspective

Prior work has examined the effects of absolute levels of outside director stock option grants on risk behavior without recognizing that relative stock option values could differentially affect risk taking. Drawing from the house money effect perspective, we extend this literature by examining how positive deviation from prior outside director option grants values influences firm strategic risk. Additionally we draw from the behavioral agency model and the power literature to develop a multiagent contingency framework suggesting the effect of positive director pay deviation depends on the incentives and power of CEOs reflected in CEO stock ownership and CEO duality, respectively. Our empirical results indicate positive pay deviation has a positive effect on firm risk taking while high ownership and duality independently and jointly weaken this base relationship. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effects of collaborative communication on the development of market-relating capabilities and relational performance metrics in industrial markets

Research in marketing suggests that collaborative communication is important for firms to sustain competitive advantage, especially in industrial markets. This study integrates relational and resource-based views to articulate how collaborative communication influences different relational performance metrics. Based on a survey of 167 marketing executives in Taiwan's electronics industry, empirical findings indicate that market-relating capabilities (i.e., market-linking and marketing capabilities) completely mediate the collaborative communication–financial performance relationship, while market-relating capabilities partially mediate the collaborative communication–customer-focused performance relationship. In addition, collaborative communication directly influences customer cooperation performance instead of indirectly affecting it through the development of market-relating capabilities. The results of this study provide new insights into the role of collaborative communication as well as important theoretical and managerial implications.     

磁放大器的电流放大倍数分析方法

本文对三种磁放大器的电流放大倍数进行了分析,利用磁路与电路的对偶原理,给出了磁放大器的框图及电流放大倍数的统一表达式,并利用磁路定律对所求放大倍数进行了验证。