Industry Self‐Regulation: A Game‐Theoretic Typology of Strategic Voluntary Compliance

We analyse the possibility of successful industry self‐regulation in terms of the strategic interactions between industry members and government. In particular, this article presents a game‐theoretic typology of generic self‐regulatory scenarios and evaluates these in terms of the resulting likelihood of collective compliance. We discuss the advertising, press and life insurance industries in the UK as examples of the scenarios. Conclusions for corporate and public policy are offered.     

从科索沃独立与俄格冲突看民族自决权

在国际法中民族自决权是指,被殖民主义奴役和压迫的民族,有权采取一切合法手段摆脱殖民统治,建立独立的民族国家或加入他国的权利。然而各方基于对民族自决权的不同理解,在实践中往往也会造成不同的后果,甚至引发民族分裂,导致激烈的国际冲突。本文以国际热点事件为突破口,简述民族自决权的由来与定义,认为在实践中必须对民族自决加以明确的界定与严格的限制,从而使这一国际法之基本原则在保障民族平等,维护人权的同时免于沦为民族分裂主义及其幕后大国博弈的幌子。     

The impact of prevention versus promotion hope on CSR activities

In order to benefit from CSR (corporate social responsibility) activities, companies need to adopt appropriate advertising strategies that can positively influence consumers’ purchase decisions while generating favorable attitudes toward the company. Advertising certain products or services triggers the feeling of hope and creates specific goals that consumers aim to achieve. In this study, we distinguish between two types of hope—promotion hope versus prevention hope, and examine their impact in the context of CSR. Results from an experimental study reveal that the impact of CSR activities on consumer attitudes and behavioral intentions depends on the type of hope. When the ad portrayed a message inducing prevention hope, an altruistic CSR activity was more effective than a strategic CSR activity. Conversely, the impact of the two CSR activities did not differ in the promotion ad context.     

虚拟团队成员知识分享行为影响机制:个人与环境交互视角

探索虚拟团队成员知识分享行为的影响机制和边界条件，有助于有效激发虚拟团队成员知识分享行为。整合人格特质理论、工作需求资源模型以及社会感知理论，构建三相交互调节模型，提出理论假设并利用219份有效问卷数据加以验证。结果表明，责任心人格、工作技能需求以及知识分享自我效能对知识分享行为均具有显著正向作用；工作技能需求和知识分享自我效能联合调节责任心人格与知识分享行为间的关系。     

The temporal becoming self—towards a Ricoeurian conceptualization of identity

To enrich conceptually the study of identity work, the paper directs attention to how identity-self constitutes in individuals’ interactions and relationships. By using a narrative approach that includes Ricoeur’s notions of idem and ipse, it elevates temporal dynamics of identity work with reference to the becoming aspect of the individual self in relation to the other. Idem identity denotes sameness and permanence through time and space, and ipse identity concerns selfhood in the sense of change and interrupted continuity. As pointed out, a Ricoeurian conceptualization of identity helps to extend our understanding of practical actions beyond individual character and traits. In consideration of both concordance and discordance in narrative structure, this conceptualization suggests a middle way between stability and variability, refraining us from relying on a narrative that presupposes a linear plot based on a causal-type model of occurrences to construct and maintain a stable and coherent personal identity.     

Too much of a good thing? Consumer response to strategic changes in brand image

The current research investigates a potential disadvantage of building brand associations that resonate with consumers' identities and facilitate consumer–brand bonding. The authors propose a theory of consumer response to changes that either dampen or augment the associations central to brand image (e.g., due to brand acquisitions or repositioning). The results show that consumers with a high degree of self–brand connection respond more negatively than others do to changes that dampen brand associations. Counterintuitively, changes augmenting brand associations can also lead to unfavorable consumer sentiments in certain instances. When brand connection was linked to an ideal self-identity (i.e., self-enhancement motives), changes that augmented the brand image increased the brand's ability to signal an ideal identity. Conversely, when brand connection was linked to the actual self-identity (i.e., self-verification motives), augmenting brand image reduced the perceived similarity between the self and the brand, thus causing brand identification to deteriorate.     

共享型领导对员工主动创新行为的影响

领导行为有助于激发员工创新潜能,促进员工主动创新。西方主流理论认为,在创新实践中很少存在被动创新,创新行为多为员工自发、主动的行为,然而这一理论无法解释中国创新活动中存在大量应对性、权宜性和服从性创新的现象。基于社会认知理论和社会交换理论,通过理论分析与实证检验,探讨共享型领导对员工主动创新行为的影响,并从认知和情感视角构建了中介效应模型。对广西、山西11家企业38个部门的知识型员工及其直属领导进行了配对问卷调查,结果表明,共享型领导对员工主动创新行为具有显著正向影响,自我效能感以及情感承诺在共享型领导与员工主动创新行为之间具有中介作用。     

一类神经网络自校正控制器的设计与研究

提出一种新的神经网络自校正控制器的设计方法 ,采用神经网络 BP算法作为控制器来控制实际对象 ,动态地修改神经网络的权值作为自校正方法 ,使系统较好地适应负荷和外扰的变化 ,获得满意的控制质量。     

创意越轨行为对创造力的影响:领导反馈调节与创新自我效能感的中介作用

如何正确处理员工未被实施的创意,达到既能激发其创造力,又能使组织资源发挥其最大效能的目的,是领导者关注的重要议题。整合自我决定理论、领导与成员交换关系理论,探究研发团队成员创意越轨行为对其创造力的作用,以及领导反馈行为与个体创新自我效能感交互对两者关系的影响。结果显示：创意越轨行为对个体创造力有显著正向影响;创新自我效能感在创意越轨行为与创造力之间起正向调节效应。领导反馈的3种行为在创意越轨行为与创造力之间的跨层次调节效应有所差异,创新自我效能部分中介领导反馈对两者关系的调节效应。研究结论不仅为个人及领导在创意失败后采取何种应对策略提供了理论依据,而且为营造创意产生的支持氛围提供了新的思维模式。     

低人力资本回报能否驱动产业结构演化升级——兼论国际金融危机对中国制造业自主创新的影响

国际金融危机对发展中转型国家的产业影响主要表现在传统劳动密集型加工制造业面临新的生存危机.这一方面是由于国际金融危机引发的国际贸易保护主义导致外贸出口额大幅缩减,但更为主要的是发展中转型国家传统劳动密集型加工制造业自身所处的国际低端产业价值链所致.实现制造业产业结构演化升级必须依赖自主创新.本文通过实证检验发现人力资本回报过低是目前制约处于转型期的中国产业结构演化升级的主要瓶颈.为此,必须利用国际金融危机淘汰竞争时手的效应,尽快提高国民的人力资本报酬,实现自主创新,推动产业结构演化升级,增强国家先进制造业的产业竞争力.