我国中小企业政策:演进过程与创新思路

我国中小企业政策的演进过程,可以分为四个阶段:以"单一公有制"为特征的中小企业政策;以"分户口"和"所有制等级序列"为特征的中小企业政策;以"重大轻小"为特征的中小企业政策;统一整体的中小企业政策。构建我国中小企业政策体系的基本思路是:一要切实落实法律精神;二要设立专门管理机构;三要全面深入地加大整顿市场经济秩序的力度;四要建立中小企业的社会化服务体系;五要促进行业性中小企业协作会的建立;六要从政策方面进一步促进中小企业发展。     

An institutional analysis of supply chain innovations in global marketing channels

The adoption of sophisticated supply chain innovations by trading partners in global channels of distribution is often limited by the institutional context of the international transaction. In particular, the regulatory, normative, and cultural-cognitive elements of institutional environments around the world can enhance or inhibit the ability of trading partners to craft the contractual, ownership, and social elements of institutional arrangements required by an innovation. Because supply chain innovations often require costly, new investments and activity sets, firms may be reluctant to participate in an innovation unless a new institutional arrangement can be crafted to provide adequate safeguards and guarantees. A conceptual model is developed to explain the role of institutions in the successful deployment of supply chain innovations in global marketing channels.     

Multivariate statistics in industrial marketing management: A practitioner tool kit

Much published work over the years has pointed to the differences between business-to-consumer (B2C) and business-to-business (B2B) marketing. An undesirable by-product of this sometimes misdirected distinction is that managers working within B2B environments have generally not considered the use of what are seen as B2C techniques, such as multivariate statistical analysis. This article is structured in three parts. First, the argument for the similarities between B2B and B2C marketing is developed; second, three different multivariate statistical techniques are presented and combined to form a practical tool kit for use by B2B managers on strategic, operational, and tactical levels; and third, the results of an application of the techniques in the life science research chemicals industry is reported, demonstrating that the tool kit substantially enhanced managerial understanding of customer decision processes.     

Testing for Vertical Fiscal Externalities

The purpose of this paper is to design a test of whether the vertical external effects associated with tax base sharing among local and regional governments have become internalized via the intergovernmental transfer system. Such tests are important in the sense that the income tax rates chosen by different levels of government will generally be correlated, even if the resource allocation is optimal from society's point of view. By using panel data for the Swedish local and regional public sectors, the results imply that an increase in the regional income tax rate induces the municipalities in the region to decrease their income tax rates. In addition, we are able to reject the null hypothesis that the vertical external effects have become internalized.     

WTO financial services commitments: Determinants and impact on financial stability

The paper investigates the factors that have influenced WTO members to take on their chosen level of liberalization commitments in the framework of liberalization of trade in financial services and the impact of such commitments on financial sector stability. The most important factors are economic growth, current account, trends in banking sector development, policy restrictiveness, and peer-group effects. The econometric evidence suggests that more liberal commitments may be associated with greater vulnerability to currency and banking crises—most likely a short-term effect, which should be mitigated with time through increased market efficiency and better resource allocation.     

建筑业营销

建筑业营销是在营销学的基础上发展的。但营销学主要面向消费品制造业．适用于建筑业的营销教材和实务指导并不多．一些学注意到这个问题并开展了一些研究。营销是一项管理活动．内容包括搜集市场信息，确认服务机会，开发战略，建立优先次序和动员资源以实现销售。建筑业营销活动通常分为七类．即信息服务、广告，公共关系与公共宣传，公开出版物，企业形象计划、定价战略与额外服务，直接营销等。本就以这些研究成果为基础．整理出一些基本理论和概念．以帮助对建筑业营销活动的理解。     

浅谈我国企业工资制度

工资分配是企业人力资源管理的重要环节，是激励员工积极性、创造性，实现企业战略目标的经济杠杆。因此，对企业来说工资制度制定的正确、合理与否就显得非常重要，对企业的经营、发展具有深远的意义。工资制度改革必须加强宏观调控，确保每种生产要素的贡献与其报酬对称；必须贯彻按劳分配原则，确保劳动贡献与劳动报酬对称。     

浅谈工程项目投资的全过程控制

章简述了工程项目投资全过程控制的原理，以及各阶段对工程项目投资控制所起的作用和控制的方法。在工程建设中投资控制应注意抓住投资决策控制和设计控制，它们是工程项目投资的全过程控制的关键性环节。     

国际工程设计与承包市场的相关性分析

依据1995～2004年美国《ENR》杂志公布的数据，运用SPSS软件从国家、地区以及全球的角度，对国际工程设计营业额与工程承包营业额的相关性进行了定量分析，并对分析的结果作了相应的解释。中还结合我国(除港澳台外)国际工程设计和承包市场相关性的特点，提出了发展我国国际工程设计与承包业的建议。     

Announcement effects of bank mergers in Europe and the US

We investigate the announcement effect of large bank mergers in the European and US stock market. Cumulative abnormal returns are calculated on the basis of the performance vis-à-vis the market and a sector index. Mergers result in small positive abnormal returns. Target banks realize significantly higher returns than bidders. In many respects, there is a difference between the announcement effects of European bank mergers compared to those in the US.