Technology evaluation in Taiwan's technology industries: Strategies, trajectories, and innovations

Technology evaluation, as an organizational process, is the essential ability to comprehend the values of technologies very soon after they emerge. Meanwhile, the technology evaluation process is inevitably influenced by the firm's industrial context, such as its technological trajectory. This study defines technology evaluation strategy in terms of the processes, methods, and participants involved, and uses this definition as a taxonomy to explore different types of technology evaluation strategies. A survey on the technological industries is conducted to explore types of technology evaluation strategies and their relationships with the advantages of different types of innovation under the effects of different technological trajectories. The survey identifies four types of technology evaluation strategies, namely, those of the flexible executive strategist, the emergent executive intuitionist, the deliberate quantitative strategist, and the deliberate consensual strategist, are identified. This study has found that certain types of technology evaluation strategies have better innovation performances than the others. The patterns of technological trajectories are also found to influence a firm's technology evaluation strategy and the advantages of certain types of innovations. The established explanations of the relationships among the technological trajectory, innovation type, and technology evaluation strategies may guide technology businesses to develop a better technology evaluation capability. The theoretical framework developed in this research enriches the strategic management literature with a new taxonomy for technology evaluation strategies.     

组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效的影响

技术转移是将社会科技资源转化为实体经济效益的重要途径。当前,我国研究型大学技术转移渠道不畅、技术转移绩效不高、大学科技成果成功产业化“最后一公里”问题凸显。基于现实需求和研究缺口,构建组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效影响的理论模型。在此基础上,收集我国38所研究型大学样本数据,采用SPSS24.0和AMOS软件进行结构方程路径分析,论证和检验组织模块化对于研究型大学技术转移绩效的影响机制。结果表明：组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效具有显著正向影响;技术创新能力在组织模块化与技术转移绩效之间起显著中介作用;知识共享的调节作用主要体现在组织模块化独立性、响应性与技术创新能力之间的关系上,其对组织模块分工性与技术创新能力关系的影响作用不显著。     

基于BIM技术的绿色工程解决方案研究

建筑业资源消耗量巨大,发展绿色工程迫在眉睫,但基于现有技术实现绿色工程存在不少困难。探索将BIM技术运用到工程项目中,实现工程绿色化。介绍了绿色工程的概念,分析了BIM应用现状,以成都市南城都汇六期汇彩园商业及住宅项目BIM实践为例,从BIM策划、投标报价策略分析、管综优化、限额领料等方面进行剖析和论证,阐述了BIM应用于绿色工程的实践效果。     

集群知识传播绩效的实现机制研究--基于政府干预与企业知识活动的视角

在产业集群知识系统中政府干预措施和企业知识活动影响企业知识获取能力,进而影响集群知识传播绩效的实现。文章在相关文献综述和实地调研直观感觉的前提下,提出了研究的基本理论假设,构建了基于政府干预和企业知识活动视角的集群知识传播绩效作用的机理模型;根据文章研究的基本假设设计了概念模型中各变量的初步测量指标,在面向纺织服装产业集群测试与修正的基础上,形成研究的最终调查量表;借助于结构方程模型对问卷调查数据的实证分析发现,政府干预对企业知识获取和知识溢出均产生正向显著影响,且基本平衡;企业知识活动基础对企业知识获取的正向影响大于对知识溢出的影响,企业知识获取能力对企业知识溢出能力影响不显著。     

Technology level evaluation methodology based on the technology growth curve

Technology has been the driving force of development for knowledge-based economies. As competition in technology innovation among nations becomes more intense, there is a growing need for improved judgment, evaluation and prediction of scientific technology capacity in order to enhance national competitiveness. Until now, a country's technology level has been evaluated on a relative basis by comparing it with that of the country with the world's best technology. However, this kind of static methodology makes the interpretation of results unclear and makes time series analysis difficult. One of the most important limitations of this methodology is that it cannot be used to establish a strategy to improve the technology level. This paper examines the methodological problems of technology level evaluation and develops a dynamic methodology by applying the technology growth curve model. We also analyze the real technology level by using a new model application and review the relevance of this method. Finally, we discuss how to use the results in order to create a dynamic technology strategy.     

制造业产业集聚如何影响生态环境

以产业集聚外部性效应为视角,利用2010-2016年天津市南港工业园、逸仙科学工业园、现代产业园与微电子工业园4个制造业产业园区面板数据,实证分析产业集聚与生态环境的双重效应关系,揭示其内在作用机制。结果表明：制造业产业集聚对生态环境存在正负两种外部性效应,具体作用取决于绿色技术创新与外商直接投资两个中介变量。当产业集聚水平较低时,绿色技术创新在制造业产业集聚对生态环境的影响关系中作用不明显。外商直接投资在制造业产业集聚与生态环境关系中起中介作用,即制造业产业集聚会加大外商直接投资规模,对生态环境产生消极影响;当产业集聚水平较高时,绿色技术创新在制造业产业集聚与生态环境的关系中起中介作用,即制造业产业集聚提高了绿色技术创新水平,对生态环境具有积极影响。外商直接投资在制造业产业集聚与生态环境关系中的作用不显著。     

企业环境技术创新采纳的行为决策研究

分析了环境技术创新采纳的特点,对其研究现状进行了归纳和总结,指出决策的有限理性是现有理论对其解释不足的重要原因。结合传统决策及行为决策理论的发展,以文献研究和调查研究相结合的方法提取主要的理性变量和行为变量,建立了企业环境技术创新采纳的行为决策框架。     

开放型技术双元促进中国制造业全球价值链攀升了吗——基于微观数据的实证检验

以2008—2018年中国制造业13个子行业1853家企业微观数据为基础,构建Translog模型,分析开放型技术双元及其不同技术组合对中国制造业全球价值链（GVC）攀升的异质性影响。结果表明,企业有效平衡与吸收开放型技术双元形成的协同效应,能够降低进口竞争引致的要素替代成本,促进中国制造业GVC攀升向高技术探索与开发组合的内生驱动转化。技术开发成为中国制造业GVC攀升的充要条件,技术探索为充分不必要条件。在竞争效应和协同效应双重作用下,内资企业高技术开发组合成为推动中国制造业价值链攀升的主要驱动力,受技术门槛和技术控制约束,技术探索只有在内资企业具有足够开发能力时才能对价值链攀升产生显著影响。异质性双元组合催生形成中国制造业GVC攀升的多元化路径。劳动密集型行业依赖进口竞争攀升的低技术双元特征;资本密集型行业较高的外资吸收效率对母国开发与跨国开发技术组合吸收更具适应性,呈现出显著的市场竞争攀升特征;技术密集型行业积极的母国探索倾向与较高的技术开发能力形成技术协同攀升特征。     

中德高校工程管理人才培养模式比较研究

介绍了我国工程管理人才培养模式,比较了中德高校工程管理人才培养模式在课程体系设置、教学形式和手段、师资队伍、学生实践环节的异同,分析了当前我国高校工程管理人才培养存在的问题。通过学习和借鉴德国应用科技大学培养模式与经验,为我国工程管理人才培养带来启示。以福建工程学院为例,介绍了其对“卓越管理工程师”培养所作的探索和实践。     

Employment polarization and the role of the apprenticeship system

This paper studies the effect of apprenticeship training on technology adoption and labor market polarization. A stylized model with two key features is developed: (1) apprentices are more productive due to industry-specific training, but (2) from the firm׳s perspective, when training apprentices, technological innovation is costly since training becomes obsolete. Thus, apprentices correlate with slower adoption of skill-replacing technologies, but also less employment polarization. We test this hypothesis on German regions given local variation in apprenticeship systems until 1976. The results show little computer adoption and no employment polarization related to apprentices, but similar displacement of non-apprentices by computers as in the US.