地价与房价的因果关系——基于武汉市的实证研究

研究目的——探讨地价与房价的因果关系。研究方法——实证研究法和计量经济学方法。研究结果——在中短期,地价是一个相对独立的变动过程,不受房价的影响,而房价却受到地价的显著影响;从长期来看,房价对地价的影响开始增强,但总不及地价对房价的影响,地价一直占主导地位。研究结论——在调控房价时,应先稳定地价。房地产价格调控需要从四个方面着手：一是革除地方政府对土地财政的依赖;二是调整土地政策,增加土地供应量;三是加大保障性住房建设力度;四是打击房地产投机。     

国库资金对货币政策影响的实证研究——基于协整和向量误差修正模型的计量分析

本文通过货币当局资产负债表与扩展IS-LM模型建立国库资金运行对货币政策影 响的分析框架,运用OLS估计定量分析了国库资金量对货币供应量的影响,运用协整分析与 向量误差修正模型（VECM）实证分析了国库资金量对货币政策中介指标的影响。实证结果表 明：国库资金量成为影响货币供应量短期波动的最大因素;国库资金量与货币供应量、货币供 应量与银行间同业拆借利率之间存在长期均衡关系;国库资金量与货币供应量、货币供应量与 银行间同业拆借利率之间存在显著的负向冲击关系。基于实证结论提出如下建议：深化预算管 理体制改革,实现政府预算科学化;加强央行与财政部门、央行货币政策部门与国库部门的沟 通协调;完善国库现金流预测机制,研究国库最优库存水平。     

Shocks and rigidities as determinants of CEE labour markets’ performance

In this article, the impact of real wage, productivity, labour demand and supply shocks on eight Central and Eastern European (CEE) economies from 1996–2007 is analysed with a panel structural vector error correction model. A set of long‐run restrictions derived from the dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model is used to identify structural shocks, and fluctuations in foreign demand are controlled for. We find that the propagation of shocks on CEE labour markets resembles that found for OECD countries. Labour demand shocks emerge as the main determinant of employment and unemployment variability in the short‐to‐medium run, but wage rigidities were equally important for observed labour market performance, especially in Poland, Czech Republic and Lithuania. We associate these rigidities with collective bargaining, minimum wage, active labour market policies and employment protection legislation.     

上海黄金市场期现价格的实证分析

本文以上海黄金市场的期货和现货价格为样本,建立VAR和VECM模型对上海黄金市场进行实证研究。研究结果表明,上海黄金市场的期现货价格之间存在协整关系;期货价格是市场价格的先行指标,是引导现货价格变化的Granger原因;上海黄金期货市场具有价格发现功能,并且具有较强的调整作用。     

城市化与地方政府土地财政关系分析

政府追求居民福利最大化的目标分为近期和长期两部分。近期福利提高可直接提高居民社会保障水平,增加公共性支出等达到;而长期福利水平提高只能通过发展经济,为长期福利水平提高提供保障,目前中国经济增长的主要载体就是城市化。政府的目标体现在政府财政支出结构上。本文就城市化发展与土地资源间的关系、城市化与土地财政收入间的关系及城市化与财政支出结构间的关系进行分析。中国各地方政府的财政支出计量模型可知,城市化率对公共财政支出比重存在着显著性的影响;经济水平的提高对公共财政支出比重产生正向的影响。     

Financial Development and Income in North Africa

We explore the short-run dynamics and long-run relationship between income and financial development in Algeria, Egypt, and Morocco. We use co-integration and VECM models and four indicators of financial development. The empirical results indicate that there is a long-run relationship between income and each financial development indicator, except credit to the private sector in Algeria. On the other hand, Granger-causality test results indicate that the evidence on the direction of causality is mixed.

Trade (exports) as an opportunity for Bangladesh: A VECM analysis

ABSTRACT

This article examines the effects of trade (exports) on the economic growth of Bangladesh from 1986 to 2016, using the application of a Johansen cointegration and vector error correction model. The empirical findings exhibit that trade (exports) has a unique long-run equilibrium relationship with the economic growth of Bangladesh. The short-run results also display a robust causality between variables. This study suggests that exports play a major role in the growth of Bangladesh. Policymakers should promote the export of goods and services, especially manufactured goods, in the long term, in order to possibly reduce the trade deficit and rapidly stimulate the growth of Bangladesh.     

Interactions of stock markets within the greater China economic bloc

This paper investigates what types of mutual relationships exist among the stock markets of the Greater China economic bloc, which include stock markets in Hong Kong and Taiwan, as well as stock markets in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Using the unit root test, co‐integration analysis, and vector error correction model (VECM), this paper analyzes interrelationships among daily stock indices for the period from the beginning of 1992 to the end of 2001. Test results indicate the existence of one co‐integrating vector, implying that a long‐run equilibrium relationship holds among the four stock indices. Variance decomposition of forecast errors provides evidence that the Shenzhen stock market is the market most heavily influenced by the unexpected variations of other markets in the Greater China economic bloc.     

Are REITs real estate? Evidence from international sector level data

The aim of this study is to examine whether securitized real estate returns reflect direct real estate returns or general stock market returns using international data for the U.S., U.K., and Australia. In contrast to previous research, which has generally relied on overall real estate market indices and neglected the potential long-term dynamics, our econometric evaluation is based on sector level data and caters for both the short-term and long-term dynamics of the assets as well as for the lack of leverage in the direct real estate indices. In addition to the real estate and stock market indices, the analysis includes a number of fundamental variables that are expected to influence real estate and stock returns significantly. We estimate vector error-correction models and investigate the forecast error variance decompositions and impulse responses of the assets. Both the variance decompositions and impulse responses suggest that the long-run REIT market performance is much more closely related to the direct real estate market than to the general stock market. Consequently, REITs and direct real estate should be relatively good substitutes in a long-horizon investment portfolio. The results are of relevance regarding the relationship between public and private markets in general, as the ‘duality’ of the real estate markets offers an opportunity to test whether and how closely securitized asset returns reflect the performance of underlying private assets. The study also includes implications concerning the recent financial crisis.     

资产价格波动与实体经济稳定研究

资产价格波动影响实体经济的程度与机制,一直备受关注。与国内其他相关研究相比,本文在样本选择上突出了资产价格波动影响消费和投资的针对性。通过构建引入资产价格的局部均衡分析模型和IS-LM扩展模型,本文采用现代时间序列分析的ADF检验、Granger因果检验、Johansen协整检验、VECM检验、脉冲响应函数和预测方差分解等多种方法进行研究,揭示了我国资产价格波动与实体经济稳定之间的相关性、因果关系、影响程度、影响过程和影响机制。