公共政策与服务业集群生命周期阶段性契合研究——以齐鲁软件园为例

服务业集群能够有效地推动一个地区经济的快速发展,政府在促进服务业集群发展中发挥了重要的作用。文章从服务业集群生命周期即产生、成长、成熟和衰退四个阶段的特征和要求出发,同时选取和解剖山东省齐鲁软件园这一案例,将政府的公共政策与服务业集群所处阶段进行对比分析,发现两者之间存在相互对应和匹配的现象。     

Thermodynamics and process analysis for future economic scenarios

Economists are increasingly interested in forecasting future costs and benefits of policies for dealing with materials/energy fluxes, polluting emissions and environmental impacts on various scales, from sectoral to global. Computable general equilibrium (CGE) models are currently popular because they project demand and industrial structure into the future, along an equilibrium path. But they are applicable only to the extent that structural changes occur in or near equilibrium, independent of radical technological (or social) change. The alternative tool for analyzing economic implications of scenario assumptions is to use Leontief-type Input-Output (I-O) models. I-O models are unable to endogenize structural shifts (changing I-O coefficients). However, this can be a virtue when considering radical rather than incremental shifts. Postulated I-O tables can be used independently to check the internal consistency of scenarios. Or I-O models can be used to generate scenarios by linking them to econometric macro-drivers (which can, in principle, be CGE models). Explicit process analysis can be integrated, in principle, with I-O models. This hybrid scheme provides a natural means of satisfying physical constraints, especially the first and second laws of thermodynamics. This is important, to avoid constructing scenarios based on physically impossible processes. Process analysis is really the only available tool for constructing physically plausible alternative future I-O tables, and generating materials/energy and waste emissions coefficients. Explicit process analysis also helps avoid several problems characteristic of pure CGE or I-O models, viz. (1) aggregation errors (2) inability to handle arbitrary combinations of co-product and co-input relationships and (3) inability to reflect certain non-linearities such as internal feedback loops.     

工业企业的清洁生产与产品生态设计初探

清洁生产是现代工业企业重要的生产模式,也是提高企业核心竞争力促进可持续发展的重要途径。企业要推行清洁生产必须根据产品生命周期搞好产品生态设计。本文主要对清洁生产起源、产品生态设计的准则及产品生命周期分析方法等进行了初步探讨。     

用产品生命周期进行财务管理

本文扩展了产品生命周期模型，提出用产品生命周期进行财务管理的系统模型。在产品生命周期的每一阶段，应采取不同的财务策略。同时。应保持足够的战略柔性，适时修正已经制定的财务战略以最大化企业的利益和股东的利益。财务战略的制定和执行要从公司作为一个整体的角度来进行，应与公司的其它职能部门进行必要的协调以实现公司的目标。     

深化设备寿命期管理提高矿井经济效益

制定《设备寿命期管理五年规划》,清查了全矿井设备,推行了设备寿命期管理的一系列制度,通过实施寿命期管理,矿井设备完好率由91.8%提高到95%,经济效益显著提高。     

基于价值链的房地产项目成本控制研究

控制项目开发和运营成本是现阶段房地产企业生存和发展的前提。基于迈克尔波特的价值链理论构建房地产企业价值链模型,将房地产企业的活动分为基本活动和辅助活动。作为房地产企业的基本活动,房地产项目的开发和运营不仅仅是价值增加过程,也是成本增加过程。在分析房地产项目全过程的基础上,结合工程实践提出加强房地产项目成本控制的策略方法。该方法对于房地产企业优化成本控制具有一定指导意义。     

基于产业寿命周期的农业优势产业选择研究

运用产业寿命周期理论，封区域农业产业成长周期的阶段性特徵进行了分析，探讨农业产业的发展规律，在农业产业寿命周期的一定阶段上，遴选出农村区域经济发展中的农业优势产业。通过政策扶持，发挥它们的带动效应，实现农业产业的跨越式发尽。     

塔河4区碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏周期注水实践及认识

塔河4区奥陶系油藏是以发育大规模溶洞为主的碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏,2005年开展注水开发以来,稳定见效期5-6年。2011年开始注水效果变差,注采井组水窜严重,递减明显加大。本文针对注水效果变差的现状,从周期注水机理入手,总结了周期注水参数优化、不同缝洞及注采连通关系周期注水方法,周期注水有效改善了区块开发效果。