"Knee Deep in Technique: The Ethics of Monopoly Capital"

The moral intuitions and arguments of some prominent business ethics authors regarding the ethics of monopoly are drenched with contestable economic theory. Discussions too typically ignore theoretical alternatives and debates about the nature of monopolies, their assets and liabilities. I review the theoretical debates and show why they matter to business ethics. That there may be genuine cases of rivalrous monopoly, that monopolies might in the odd circumstance prove more efficient or become advantageous in contests with labor or useful in respect of a nation's international affairs does not imply we should unwary of monopolies. However, not only the best theory to date, but also the mere fact of serious disagreement in the field suggests that there is no necessary connection between monopolies and practices such as price discrimination, price fixing, bribery, collusion, and so on. This frustrates the most pervasive and most prominent argument so far for the claim that monopolies are intrinsically unethical.     

浅论国有独资公司治理结构的重构方案

国有独资公司的治理结构为国有资产监督管理机关行使股东会职权(可授予董事会部分股东会职权)、董事会、监事会、经理四个机构。现行法律规定的国有独资公司治理结构强烈体现出行政干预下的内部人控制的特征,董事会与经理两块牌子,一套班子,监事会职能严重弱化,企业内控失效,管理不善,违法违纪突出,官营合谋共蚀国有资产。存在以上问题的原因在于资本所有缺位、公司主体性的弱化、公司的政府机关化、董事会空壳化、监事会监督的形式化、经理专政和管理腐败、社会组织的公司机关化。笔者借鉴德、美公司治理结构并根据我国国情提出我国国有独资公司治理结构应修改为国有资产监督管理机构、监事会、董事会的改革措施。     

论行政解释与司法解释的冲突适用

行政解释、司法解释与立法解释都属于我国的有权解释,但在司法实践和行政管理权的运用过程中存在着行政解释与司法解释相冲突的现象。要解决两者之间的冲突适用问题,就要采取以下措施:相关部门要加强合作,构建和谐一致的法律体系;人民法院在尊重行政解释的前提下进行司法审查;强化司法审判的终局效力,保证司法独立;完善全国人大常委会的法律解释权限。     

行政垄断及其规制研究

充分而公正的市场竞争机制是市场经济健康发展的关键。行政垄断凭借行政权力分割市场,阻碍了全国统一、有序的竞争体系的形成,损害了竞争者和消费者的利益。鉴于行政垄断带来的极大危害,我们必须深刻认识并采取综合性的制度性策略,具体可通过完善市场运行法律以营造和谐竞争环境,完善现行《反垄断法》规定,进一步规范政府行为,并通过加强社会监督等方式来进行全面规制。     

Shareholder voting rights in early American corporations

In early American corporations, the power of large shareholders was frequently limited by voting rules that partially disenfranchised them. In particular, stock held in an individual's name was granted a number of votes per share that decreased with the number of shares held. Using data from the corporations created in New York up to 1825, this paper analyses the use of these ‘graduated’ voting rights. Consistent with the view that they were intended to help small investors protect themselves against the predations of controlling shareholders, the data indicate that graduated voting rights were imposed in industries that attracted small investments from ordinary households. The results highlight the importance of concerns over the controlling influence of large shareholders in early corporate governance.     

高校青年管理干部队伍建设问题探讨——基于赫兹伯格的双因素理论分析

高校管理是提升高校办学水平和办学效益的重要方面，膏年管理干部是高校管理工作的骨干力量。努力建设一支高水平的管理干部队伍对于高校发展有着举足轻重的作用。针对当前高校青年管理干部中普遍存在的问题，按照赫兹伯格的双因素理论的要求。既要保证保健因素的基础性作用，更要拓展激励因素的内涵，不断激发青年管理干部的工作积极性和创造性，进而推动整个学校的健康发展。     

以人为本视野下的高校管理效能

高校管理效能是高校为实现既定办学目标,高效协调内部各种组织和个体因素,促使人财物等办学资源和谐配置的一种内在能力。影响高校管理效能建设的主要因素间相互作用主要体现在管理目标、组织结构、管理制度、组织文化与人等方面。     

反垄断法的法律经济学分析——兼评《中华人民共和国反垄断法》

垄断导致资源无法有效配置.经济垄断和行政垄断是垄断的两种形式,它们的成因是不同的.针对不同垄断进行规制的反垄断法也应该不同.但<中华人民共和国反垄断法>对此却没有明确说明,结果就会出现对行政垄断几乎不起作用的现象发生.     

我国县乡医疗市场垄断均衡与破除对策研究

中国县乡医疗体制改革改变了原有计划经济体制下医疗卫生服务供给低效率和数量短缺的局面。但是,中国县乡医疗市场正在出现新的、医政联合的垄断格局。中国县乡垄断医疗市场短期与长期均衡形成及持续是各方力量博弈的结果,垄断医疗机构从中获得巨额垄断利润,而农民却支付巨额成本。文章在模型分析结论基础上,提出了建立准入性竞争医疗体系、提升农民的组织和谈判能力、变革政府职能和完善公共卫生政策三大破除县乡医疗市场垄断均衡的对策性思考。     

Analysis of Chinese Cigarette Competition Modes in the Government Monopoly Environment

As a main tax resource, cigarette industry brings about 10% of Chinese annual income. China is by far the largest producer of tobacco products of the world. The nation＇s policy and management mechanism are important elements greatly influencing the competition structure of cigarette industry. Due to the double characters of tobacco, the country generally imposes a high tax and a limited total product output in order to intervene the cigarette market. Therefore, the price signal of cigarette market is distorted and to large extent the competition of the industry is far from a free one, Presently cigarette industry is under the administrative monopoly management in China and meanwhile the cigarette producing is in a multi-element competition style within the nation＇s planning scheme. In other words, administrative monopoly and over-competition exist simultaneously in China＇s cigarette industry. The country predetermines the output quota of each cigarette manufacturing enterprise and the actual production outputs of these enterprises could be adjusted through the quota trades among them. The competition in cigarette industry is mainly represented in 3 modes, i.e. production output competition based on quota trades, value-added competition in producing and selling, and the niche market competition based on product classification.