试论电影配音翻译中文化距离的处理

电影对白作为电影非常重要的一个部分,起着承载主题,表现角色性格和发展剧情的重要作用。配音翻译是中国目前引进的外片采用的主要翻译形式。电影配音翻译者在翻译目的论的“目的原则”的指导下,选择采用“文化替换”和“文化补偿”的方法,帮助译语观众实现对电影对白的成功解读。     

Political determinants of intergovernmental transfers in a regionally decentralized authoritarian regime: evidence from China

This article examines the political determinants of the allocation of intergovernmental transfers in the context of China. In a regionally decentralized authoritarian regime, a government marked by political centralization and fiscal decentralization, intergovernmental transfers are employed by politicians as instruments to achieve political goals. Using China’s provincial data from 1994 to 2009, we find that the officials’ political power is an important factor in the distribution process. A party secretary’s replacement facilitates an increase in transfers, especially if the replacement comes from the central government. If a party secretary is a member of the Central Politburo, the province receives more conditional transfers than others. The central government allocates the transfers in such a way that the province with a high proportion of the minority population receives more transfers than others.     

换填概要

由地基换填的地层强度弱硬不一的特点决定了换填实施过程中将会碰到软下卧层与上高压实度的反差问题,橡皮土问题等等,通过研究及实验,不断总结理论经验,使换填技术方面的理论及实际使用遂成体系、有理有据。     

Bonus gift card programs: a methodology to measure the impact on revenue and profit

Many retailers are now offering bonus gift cards to entice customers to buy more regular gift cards. The most common offers are a $5 bonus card with $25 worth of gift card purchases or a $10 bonus card with $50 worth of purchases. Unlike regular gift cards, bonus gift cards are not paid for by other customers. Bonus cards provide $5 or $10 of free credit to a customer at the firm’s expense. Most retailers do not understand the potential for cannibalization of revenue and profit when gift card redeemers use a bonus card for a purchase they would have made without it. Nor do they know what proportion of redeemers represent these cannibalized sales versus the proportion of redeemers that represent incremental purchases. We use an in-market study with a large national restaurant chain to demonstrate a methodology and model to properly evaluate the effect of bonus gift card programs on revenue and profit. We found that although bonus gift cards provide incremental revenue, they can significantly reduce profit particularly in certain retail segments. For those who wish to implement a bonus card program, we provide suggestions to maximize the potential for success.     

某小区1#楼基础及地基换填设计

本文介绍了某住宅小区1#楼(18+1)高层住宅,采用墙、柱下筏板基础并结合级配碎石土垫层处理地基的工程实践,既保证了结构的安全又取得较好的经济效益。并且突破了黔江地区采用换填法处理地基地面建筑最高层数仅为17层的传统做法。     

城乡居民社会养老保险保障水平评估——基于湖北省6个县区的比较分析

选取湖北省6个有代表性的县区作为研究对象,通过构建保险精算模型对城乡居保目标替代率作出测算,然后运用ELES模型对城乡居保合意替代率作出测算,通过二者比较发现:城乡居保提供的保障水平只能满足部分选择较高缴费档次且缴费年限较长的居民年老时的基本生活需要;对其他大部分城乡居民而言,无法保障其年老后的基本生活。建议适时提高缴费标准的下限和上限,落实好多缴多补、长缴多补政策;建立城乡居保基础养老金正常调整机制;探索并尽快出台城乡居保个人账户基金投资运营办法;重视土地保障和家庭保障的作用。     

农村宅基地置换改革成效分析——以嘉兴市姚庄镇为例

经济高速增长使得土地供求矛盾进一步加剧,各地频出的强拆事件在一定程度上反映出当代中国在城市化建设过程中对土地的刚性需求;而农村土地的粗放利用,使得土地资源的利用效率没有达到最优。以此为背景,在实地调研的基础上,对姚庄镇的改革成效进行分析。根据分析的结果,发现宅基地置换改革对农民的户籍制度、非农收入、医疗保障等方面取得较好成效;简要探讨了在农村宅基地置换改革过程中我们应该注意的问题。     

基于适度缴费的企业年金保障水平实证研究

依据各行业的盈利能力分别测算各行业的年金适度企业缴费率;根据OLG两期模型测算个人最优年金缴费率;构建年金替代率模型,测算企业年金适度保障水平。研究表明：全行业有支付能力的企业年金缴费率约为6．36％;最优年金个人缴费率为5．94％;适度缴费率下企业年金的替代率为25．17％,优化年金缴费结构可以提高年金的养老保障程度;提高个人年金缴费税惠额度,可以鼓励和加快年金发展。     

Economic life replacement under improving technology

The economic life (EL) method of asset replacement is analyzed under improving technology that impacts the maintenance cost, new asset cost, and salvage value. In particular, we prove that the asset EL is constant when all these costs decrease with the same rate. If these costs decrease geometrically, then the EL method with a corrected capital recovery factor calculates the optimal asset lifetime over the infinite horizon for arbitrary age-dependent deterioration and salvage value. In a general case, the EL method delivers an optimal replacement decision when the relative rate of technological change is less than 1%. For larger rates, we recommend to minimize the annual cost over two future replacement cycles, which was earlier proposed and implemented by Christer and Scarf, Journal of the Operational Research Society 45, 1994.     

髋关节置换术后常见的并发症及治疗

目的探讨髋关节置换术后常见的并发症以及治疗方法。方法收集我院50例老年患者髋关节置换术后的病例,总结出现并发症的情况,分析病因以及相应的治疗对策。结果 50例老年患者出现并发症的有7例,占14%;肺内感染1例,占2%;深静脉血栓1例,占2%;髋关节感染1例,占2%;泌尿系感染2例,占4%;肺内感染1例,占2%;假体周围骨折1例,占2%;假体脱位1例,占2%。结论人工髋关节置换术是近年来普遍应用于老年患者的髋关节重建,只要我们术前充分准备,术中精细操作,术后合理处置是防止术后并发症的有效方法。