基于对立品类的卷烟新品类营销模型研究

品类度代表着具体商标区别于其他商标的程度,是提升品牌价值的关键。卷烟新品在营销时,以对立品类理论指导营销活动能够帮助新品卷烟在市场竞争中脱颖而出。论文分析了消费者选购模型,结合品类度的基本特征,认为对立品类竞争是新品卷烟营销的可靠方案,并提出具有现实意义的指导意见。     

国外品牌关系理论新探索

品牌关系理论兴起于20世纪90年代,是品牌研究的最新阶段。本文通过对国外最新研究成果的回顾,试图提出一个对品牌关系理论的整体认识,并为国内学者的研究提供借鉴。通过文献回顾发现品牌关系的形成受到品牌个性、品牌互动、品牌体验、营销活动等多种因素的影响;品牌关系的管理受到关系型态的影响,每种关系型态都有其相应的行为规范,企业的品牌管理活动必须符合相应的行为规范;品牌关系的测量可以通过多种方法进行,包括有一维法、二维法、模型法等;不同方法的应用范围、测量性能及对品牌消费行为的预测能力可以做进一步比较研究。     

Competitive advantage,private-label brands,and category profitability

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of private-label resources possessed by a supermarket retailer. Our study examines whether or not private-label products can help in the overall enhancement of product category performance. We examine the performance of a supermarket retailer in the Northeast United States that operates over 100 stores and generates a total yearly sales volume in excess of $3 billion. Data of this nature is difficult to obtain for research purposes, and this proved to be very valuable. Data obtained from the internal financial database of the supermarket was used and generated from point-of-sale information. We then developed a research model from the literature review and used structural equation modelling to analyse the data. The findings of this study indicate that a change in category private-label sales penetration and category market share had little impact on category profitability. The major implication for retailers is the necessity for category managers to focus on all brands within their respective categories and not over-emphasise a private-label brand focus.     

WHEN DO VERTICAL RESTRAINTS HARM COMPETITION? THE ECONOMICS‐BASED APPROACH AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE BATSA CASE

An “effects‐based” or “economics‐based” approach to competition policy requires a theory of harm that causally links a business practice and its allegedly anti‐competitive effects and also weighs anti competitive effects against the pro‐competitive effects of the practice. This implies a shift away from per se prohibitions of certain practices towards case‐by‐case analysis – a move that has been hotly debated, especially in Europe. Using a case study of the recently concluded British American Tobacco case, we study the core features of an effects‐based approach to vertical restraints. We find the approach followed in the British American Tobacco South Africa case generally consistent with an effects‐based analysis, but highlight some limitations.     

品牌品类扩张边界的经济分析:基于选择成本分析范式

基于选择成本分析范式,通过引入品类相似系数这一新概念,构建数理模型,分析品类扩张的内在机制。结果表明,品类数量的增加将有利于品牌需求量的提高,但由于消费者选择成本的存在,品类数量的进一步增加将会降低品牌信用度,造成选择成本的增加,从而抑制需求量的扩大,最终品类数量和品牌需求量将会趋向于均衡状态,存在品牌品类扩张的边界。     

社会生活与社会问题的图书归类辨析

对《中图法》第四版有关社会生活与社会问题的类目设置进行了分析,并对如何正确类分该类图书提出了看法。     

Brands as substitutes for the need for touch in online shopping

This article addresses the potential of reputable brands to overcome the lack of tangibility that characterizes the process of e-commerce through an experiment-based analysis. In a sequential argument, the authors propose that (1) the brand becomes more important in online than in offline channels, as a consequence of the intangibility or lack of physical contact in online purchasing processes; (2) the limitations associated with the need for touch and the lack of access to the physical product during the buying process does not have equal importance across all product categories and (3) the role of the brand in online channels thus is more relevant if the product category is associated with a higher need for touch. The study based on the experimental design reveals that leading brands enjoy an advanta in consumers' quality assessments, regardless of the objective attributes that characterize the products. This advantage may be greater in online channels, though only for product categories for which the lack of physical contact with the product during the purchase process is an important limitation. In such cases, brand associations can compensate for intangibility during purchase.     

"味"范畴在清代词学中的承传

"味"范畴在清代词学中的承传,主要体现在两个维面:一是批评层面对"味"的承传运用;二是理论层面对"味"的承传阐说。在第一个维面,"味"在北宋中期进入到词学批评中后,其实并未得到大量运用,而发展到清代,它成为了人们品评词人词作的主要审美范畴;在第二个维面,其承传的内容主要体现在对"味"作为词作审美之本的标树及对词味创造与生成的探讨上。上述两个维面,将"味"作为词学审美范畴的内涵较为充分地展现了出来。     

The Impact of Mobile App Adoption on Cross-buying: The Moderating Roles of Product Category Characteristics and Adoption Timing

With more and more companies introducing mobile apps and consumers using them during the purchase journey, it is increasingly important to understand the consequences of app adoption on behavioral outcomes. This paper investigates the impact of app adoption on the number of additional products purchased by customers (i.e., cross-buying) and how this effect varies across different product categories and different customers. We focus on two key product category characteristics (utilitarian vs. hedonic nature and perceived risk) and on adopters who vary in their adoption timings (early vs. late adopters). Using data from an online retailer and a combination of propensity score weighting with difference-in-differences and Heckman correction estimation techniques, the results show that app adoption has a positive effect on cross-buying overall, but the effect varies greatly across products and consumers. App adoption promotes additional product purchases for hedonic products but leads to less cross-buying for utilitarian products. In addition, early adopters purchase a higher number of additional product categories than late adopters, with this difference decreasing over time and for new consumers compared to existing customers. These results offer novel insights into the behavioral consequences of app adoption and provide managers with useful recommendations for improving the effectiveness of their mobile app investments.