企业高层管理团队的组成特征对团队效能影响的实证研究

企业高层管理团队的组成特征对组织革新、企业战略及组织绩效等具有非常重要的影响。本文以华东地区的86家企业作为研究对象,研究企业高层管理团队的组成特征对团队效能的影响。研究结果表明,企业应该充分考虑任期、年龄、教育和专业背景等因素,保持高层管理团队组成的异质性,才能提高高层管理团队的决策效率、工作效率和企业利润率,进而提升团队效能。     

Export Promotion Policies and the Crowding‐out Effect in Developing Countries*

Critics of export promotion policies have pointed out a fallacy of composition, where what is viable for a small country acting in isolation might not be viable when pursued by a group of countries simultaneously. This paper investigates the crowding‐out effect of the fallacy of composition; that is, whether developing countries that specialize in exports of manufactured products compete and crowd out one another's exports. The results of fixed‐effects panel estimation suggest that developing countries are not crowding out one another's exports. Instead, they are crowding out Western European countries’ exports of manufactured products.     

网络功能虚拟化中的性能感知服务组合优化

服务功能链是网络功能虚拟化的重要支撑,为了构建满足功能和性能需求的服务功能链,需要建立服务的性能模型,从而产生基于性能的服务组合优化问题。一种基于性能模型的服务组合优化问题被建模,并针对复杂约束情况下的无效解干扰,提出了改进的模拟退火算法,该算法包含基于层次属性的产生函数和基于偏离度的目标函数。仿真结果表明,该算法提高了21%的服务组合成功率,同时降低了组合成本和时间消耗。仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性。     

人力资本构成、生产率差距与全要素生产率——基于中国省级面板数据的分析

利用中国1987-2008年省级面板数据,本文实证研究了人力资本构成和生产率差距对全要素生产率的影响.估计结果显示,在其他条件不变时,高技术人力资本和低技术人力资本对全要素生产率增长都有显著的正效应,其中高技术人力资本的作用更大;两种层次人力资本对全要素生产率的边际影响依赖于该地区全要素生产率与全国最高全要素生产率之间的距离,高技术人力资本对全要素生产率的促进作用存在门槛效应,当生产率差距较小时,高技术人力资本对提高全要素生产率的作用较大,当生产率差距较大时,全要素生产率增长则主要依赖于低技术人力资本的积累.     

基于计算实验金融的交易者构成对市场的影响研究

基于计算实验金融方法,建立指令驱动的人工股票市场模型,研究交易者构成不同的市场流动性、交易者策略、指令成交量和指令成交率以及市场波动性和交易量等宏观指标。结果表明,市场中耐心的交易者的比例增加有利于增加市场深度,而急躁的交易者数量的比例增加对于减少买卖价差、提高市场指令成交率和增加交易量具有一定的促进作用。     

The effect of prime age adult mortality on household composition and consumption in rural Ethiopia

Using panel data from Ethiopia covering 1994–1997, we estimate the impact of prime age adult mortality on household composition, household expenditures and dietary diversity. We employed propensity score matching with a difference-in-difference estimator to control for endogeneity of mortality to the outcomes of interest. Households losing a productive adult did not replenish the lost labor, regardless of economic status, sex or status of the deceased adult. With the exception of non-poor households, adult mortality resulted in increased dependency ratios, but did not adversely affect households’ expenditure patterns (total, food and non-food expenditures) regardless of the sex and position of the deceased and the economic status of the households. Although food expenditures were protected, a decline in dietary diversity, especially among the poorest households, reflected increased nutrition insecurity associated with adult mortality.     

镇江市农民收入构成特征及增收对策

新一轮农业产业结构调整以来,镇江市农民收入持续稳定增长。本文以2000～2009年镇江市农民收入构成的时序数列为分析对象,研究了农民收入构成的特征和增长源泉的变化,最后提出增加农民收入的对策建议。     

三支交叉汾河大桥交通量预测研究

为了科学预测三支交叉公路桥交通量,以交通工程学、交通流等理论为基础,通过对省道宁白线、忻黑线的三支交叉汾河大桥的实地交通调查,定量分析其交通组成和交通量的变化规律,借助计算机辅助手段,采用时间序列法构建了三支交叉桥交通量的预测模型,结合实际交通流加权得到三支交叉汾河大桥目标年交通量,并以该区域的社会经济状况建立了多因素交通量模型进行了拟合验证。最终为三支交叉桥交通量的科学预测探索了一种新的思路。     

艺术设计基础教学中平面构成课程创新方法

在艺术设计专业基础教学当中,我们遇到学生认识不够,学习积极性不高,学习方法不明确等诸多问题,平面构成课程作为艺术设计专业基础课程,在艺术设计当中发挥着重要的作用。如何学好平面构成课程及其他专业基础课程都将直接影响着后期的专业学习效果和学习心态。目前的基础教学方法还不大适应新形势下的教学活动,如何对现有教学方法进行创新,是艺术类高校首要解决的问题。     

Modeling the age and age composition of late 19th century U.S. immigrants from Europe

Using panel data on 12 European source countries that are followed for 26 years (1873-1898), this paper studies age-specific emigration rates and the age composition of U.S. immigration. Two age groups are the focus of attention, 15-40 and over 40. Emigration-rate models and compositional models that satisfy adding-up conditions are estimated by the Hausman-Taylor Instrumental Variable approach. Younger migrants responded more strongly to job opportunities than to wage differentials, whereas older migrants responded more strongly to wage differentials. Both age groups tended to follow recent past migrants to the U.S. Relatively many younger (and relatively fewer older) migrants came from countries with higher percentages of their work forces in agriculture. Higher source-country birthrates discouraged younger migrants, presumably by raising the cost of family migration.