提高重庆农村居民收入对策分析

1997年重庆直辖以来，相对于快速增长的城镇居民收入和地区生产总值，农村居民不但收入水平低，而且增长缓慢，严重影响了农村居民生活的改善和农村经济的发展，对经济发展的贡献逐渐下降，成为制约产业结构调整和保持经济稳定发展的重要问题。文章通过对农村居民收入结构变动状况分析及其对重庆经济发展的影响，找出阻碍农民收入快速提高的因素，并进一步提出加快农村经济发展、增加农民收入的相关建议。     

加快建立国有资本经营预算制度——当前国有经济布局和结构战略性调整的根本保障

建立国有资本经营预算制度,是有效控制和引导国有资本存量变现、增量分配、推进国有经济布局和结构战略性调整的重要手段和根本保障。实行这一制度应当着力提高资产运营效率。由于涉及众多企业利益调整,建立国有资本经营预算制度必须有明确的思路。     

高效液相色谱法在食品分析中的应用研究

高效液相色谱法属于色谱分析法的一个重要组成,以经典液相色谱为基础,在食品检测中得到了广泛运用.本文描述了高效液相色谱法在食品分析工作中的应用,主要分析食品营养成分检测、农药残留检测和食品添加剂检测等.     

我国耕地资源价值核算研究综述

我国耕地价值核算的相关研究,经历了由单一的生产养育功能核算向经济价值、社会价值、生态价值等综合价值核算的发展过程.这种关注的转变,源于学者们对耕地价值外部性及征收补偿标准偏低等问题关注.由于耕地资源价值构成的复杂性,用以核算耕地价值的方法也多种多样,但收益还原法和替代法仍是主流的耕地价值核算方法.对于未来研究而言,如何依据环境的转变及时更新耕地资源的价值体系、进一步拓展耕地资源价值的核算方法以及探索耕地价值的补偿途径应得到学者们的进一步关注.     

中国马铃薯分省碳足迹核算与减排策略研究——基于生命周期评价法

目的 核算马铃薯碳足迹,分析马铃薯碳足迹变化特征,探寻碳减排途径,为农业固碳减排和实现碳达峰碳中和目标提供数据支撑。方法 文章利用生命周期评价法（Life Cycle Assessment,LCA）对2011—2020年中国马铃薯种植阶段的碳足迹进行核算,研究分析各种植区以及省级马铃薯碳足迹年际变化和马铃薯碳足迹构成,为马铃薯典型种植区提供减排建议。结果 2011—2020年中国省级马铃薯碳排放总量呈现波浪式下降趋势。在时间尺度上,马铃薯单位面积碳足迹呈现明显的上升趋势,年均增长77.5kg CO₂eq/hm²（P<0.01）;单位产量碳足迹呈现缓慢降低趋势,平均每10年下降0.129t CO₂eq/t （P <0.1）;在空间尺度上,北方一作区和西南单双季作区的马铃薯的单位面积碳足迹处于正增长状态,马铃薯的单位产量碳足迹在除甘肃、新疆以外的大部分地区处于减少状态,马铃薯还有很大的减排空间。在马铃薯碳足迹构成中,肥料（77.72%）是马铃薯种植阶段碳足迹的主要来源,其次是农膜（9.64%）和灌溉（8.46%）。结论 综合比较马铃薯各地区的碳足迹发现,西南单双季作区和南方冬作区的减排潜力最大,其次是中原二作区和北方一作区,马铃薯减排重心逐渐南移。马铃薯减排增产已取得了阶段性成果,未来仍有很大发展空间,其中肥料是马铃薯减排的主要入手点,各种植区应制定适合本区特征的减排方案,大力推广先进减排技术,实现马铃薯减排与增产协同发展。     

Reusing process fragments for fast service composition: a clustering-based approach

With the proliferation of Web services over the Internet and due to the increasing complexity of users’ needs, Web service composition has emerged as a powerful method of software reuse, allowing to deliver complete business processes as a set of interacting services. To guarantee a rapid and secure service composition, fragments of available business processes at different granularities may be considered as a composition unit and recombined to deliver effective compositions. Despite the benefits of this method, most of the existing works do not take into consideration the reuse of service process fragments (SPF). Reusing SPFs allows, not only to minimize the composition time, but also to improve the reliability of the composition process. In this paper, we propose a Web service composition approach that aims to combine service process fragments rather that atomic services. We adopt a powerful mathematical model called Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) to define the relationships between services and fragments. Moreover, we exploit the regrouping capabilities of FCA by proposing algorithms for the extraction of candidate fragments’ combinations. A scoring function is also defined to determine the quality level of each SPF and its ability to participate in a composition. The experimental studies proved the effectiveness of our FCA-based approach compared to existing state-of-the-art solutions.     

A method towards Web service combination for cross-organisational business process using QoS and cluster

How to quickly combine various Web services to support cross-organisational business processes is the key technical problem in service computing. Because of the changeability of QoS of Web services, the traditional methods are unadaptable to the new environments. In this paper, a new service composition method, called Improved Self-organising neural network Method for Web Service Composition, is proposed to achieve QoS-aware Web service combination, according to using the clustering technology. First, fuzzy mathematics is used to express each QoS attribute and the improved self-organising neural network is used to cluster services to reduce the number of candidate services. Secondly, all the centre of each cluster is selected and formed a composite service by using an exhaustive algorithm. Thirdly, the service cluster that is represented by the concrete services. Finally, the optimal service combination can be selected using integer programming or genetic algorithm. The experimental result shows the efficiency of Web service composition and demonstrates the applicability.     

The influence of external design elements on clothing store entry intentions for recreationally and task-oriented female clothing shoppers

This study investigates the influence of the exterior of a clothing store for store entry intentions of potential female recreational and task-oriented clothing customers. First, we analyse the proposed exterior elements of a clothing store that are preferred and affect the willingness to enter the store. Second, we investigate the impact of the most significant exterior elements (e.g. the crowdedness of the store entry and the creative complexity of the composition of the window display) on the entry intentions for recreational and task-oriented potential female shoppers from a self- and other decision perspective. Overall, the results show that task-oriented female clothing shoppers have a higher store entry intention when the store entry is less crowded, and the window display has a creative complex composition. Recreational female clothing shoppers, on the other hand, prefer crowded complex window displays.     

Marx and Ricardo on machinery: a critical note

This article critically discusses the important and relevant—not to mention controversial— views of Ricardo and Marx on the impact of machinery on labor productivity, the organization of production and the wages and employment prospects of the working class during the capitalism of their day. First, the article turns to Ricardo’s assessment of the introduction of machinery and its likely effects on the laborer and the rate of profit and accumulation—one which went through a substantial revision (and reversal) between the first and third editions of his Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. Then, we discuss Marx’s own critical analysis of the historical development of machinery and its impact on the labor process, the so-called “compensation principle,” and how the rising organic composition of capital ostensibly generates a “redundant or surplus-population” during the course of capitalist development. We highlight Marx’s intellectual debt to Ricardo, John Barton (and George Ramsay) insofar as his theory of technological unemployment is concerned. Lastly, the article summarizes the views of Ricardo and Marx and offers some concluding remarks.     

Extension of specification language for soundness and completeness of service workflow

A Service Workflow is an aggregation of distributed services to fulfill specific functionalities. With ever increasing available services, the methodologies for the selections of the services against the given requirements become main research subjects in multiple disciplines. A few of researchers have contributed to the formal specification languages and the methods for model checking; however, existing methods have the difficulties to tackle with the complexity of workflow compositions. In this paper, we propose to formalize the specification language to reduce the complexity of the workflow composition. To this end, we extend a specification language with the consideration of formal logic, so that some effective theorems can be derived for the verification of syntax, semantics, and inference rules in the workflow composition. The logic-based approach automates compliance checking effectively. The Service Workflow Specification (SWSpec) has been extended and formulated, and the soundness, completeness, and consistency of SWSpec applications have been verified; note that a logic-based SWSpec is mandatory for the development of model checking. The application of the proposed SWSpec has been demonstrated by the examples with the addressed soundness, completeness, and consistency.