浅谈建筑工程的分类、组成及构造

建筑物一般是指人们进行生产、生活或其他活动的房屋或场所,如工业建筑、民用建筑、农业建筑和园林建筑等。建筑物按用途可分为民用建筑、工业建筑和农业建筑三类,这其中工业与民用建筑占了绝大部分。本文对工民建筑工程的分类、组成及构造作简要而精炼的介绍。     

运用多媒体网络技术优化高职应用写作教学

利用现代信息技术辅助学科教学是提高教学质量的重要手段,也是当今教育界普遍认可和推崇的科学举措。而多媒体网络技术作为现代信息技术最为"活跃的部分",其在教学领域中的应用更是我们关注的焦点。文章以高职应用写作教学为探讨对象,在分析多媒体网络技术的释义的基础上,指出应用写作教学导入多媒体网络技术的必要性,并提出应用写作教学导入多媒体网络技术的具体内容、实施步骤、存在问题及改进建议,目的是促进多媒体网络技术在高职应用写作教学中的应用,优化高职应用写作教学过程,提高高职应用写作教学质量。     

无线通信系统在地铁中的应用

在二十世纪,地铁/轻轨无线通信系统作为运输与通信高度结合的产物,并且逐渐成为地铁、轻轨运营的关键和重要组成部分,凭借通信系统可以提高运输效率,同时可以保证行车的安全性。对于地铁/轻轨无线通信系统来说,其组成主要包括:无线集群通信、光纤传输、中继器加漏泄同轴电缆传输、无线寻呼引入,以及蜂窝电话引入等子系统。从隶属关系来看,地铁/轻轨无线通信可以划归为移动通信范畴,同时具有限定空间、限定场强覆盖范围、技术要求高、专用性强等特点。     

环境史视野下中世纪日耳曼人的食物构成研究

从大量的历史文献和考古发现中不难发现，中世纪日耳曼人的食物构成虽较为丰富，但还远没有达到新大陆发现之后的多样化程度。食物构成之所以相对单一，主要是当时各地区自然条件的悬殊差异和农业生产技术的不发达所致。随着中世纪中期城市、手工业和商业的不断兴起，地区间的商品交换成为可能，这在一定程度上改变了日耳曼人的食物构成，但这还谈不上根本性改变，真正的改变是在新时代开启后。从环境史视角对中世纪日耳曼人的食物构成进行研究，不但可以了解到他们的生存状况以及他们和周边环境的相处关系，还可以为德国生态文明史的研究提供一个新的视野。     

The unanimity rule and extremely asymmetric committees

This paper analyzes how to allocate experts into committees that use the unanimity rule to make decisions. We show that an optimal allocation of experts is extremely asymmetric. To reach the optimal allocation, therefore, one needs only to rank the experts in terms of their abilities and then allocate adjacent experts such that an expert’s ability tends to vary inversely with the size of his committee. In the special case of three-member committees, we show that the optimal allocation maximizes the sum of the products of the experts’ skills in each committee.     

Zambia at 50: The persisting challenges of economic structural transformation

This article examines the structural transformation trajectory in Zambia since independence. Drawing from sectoral analysis of the structure of output and the composition of labour over the last five decades, the article illustrates that although there have been shifts in the composition of output and labour in the economy, especially since 2000, these shifts have not contributed to positive structural transformation. Instead the economy has been experiencing widening productivity gaps between sectors, signalling perverse economic structural transformation. Although there have been some slight improvements in the overall productivity since 2000, productivity in the agriculture and informal sectors, where almost 85% of the labour works, has remained stagnantly low. This is compounded by the economy experiencing a net movement of labour from high to low-productivity employment, mainly the informal urban sector.     

Board diversity and firm performance: evidence from the U.K. SMEs

This study examines the relationship between board diversity and firm performance in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the U.K. In particular, we investigate the role of gender and age as two dimensions of diversity. Using a large sample of SMEs (34,798 firms) located in the U.K. and focusing on the period from 2005 to 2013, our results show a significant negative association between each of gender diversity and age diversity, and firm performance. Our evidence yields important insights on the association between board diversity and firm performance, and calls suggestions for increased board diversity into question. A possible explanation for our findings could be due to the fact that our sampled firms are SMEs, whereas those in previous studies have been large enterprises. This research provides insights to entrepreneurs on how to enhance their performance, and to governments and policymakers on the development of rules that would achieve better performance in the SME sector.     

Evaluating innovation networks in emerging technologies

Interorganisational innovation networks are increasingly important for innovation in emerging technology fields. The performance of such networks can have a large impact on the future development of emerging technologies. A useful framework for the evaluation of innovation networks however does not yet exist. In this paper, such a framework is developed, using elements of the social network analysis literature and the resource-based view. This framework is subsequently applied to compare two policy-driven innovation networks: 1) the Center for Translational Molecular Medicine; and 2) the BioMedical Materials program. Based on this first empirical exploration of the framework implications for management and further policy development are formulated.