建筑工程项目成本管理策略研究

项目成本管理不仅决定了企业资金分配利用的情况,对建筑企业未来长期性的规划发展也有重要的意义。受到传统管理思想的限制,工程单位在建设期间缺乏先进的成本控制模式,导致投资资金难以发挥最佳项目收益,影响了企业筹集资金或分配资金方案的实施。新时期建筑行业内部竞争日趋增强,对项目成本制定综合性的管理策略必不可少。鉴于此,文章详细分析了项目成本的具体构成,并且提出了针对性的成本管理方案。     

继电保护光纤通道的构成与维护

本文首先根据光纤通道的不同种类,对其构成与特点进行介绍,并在此基础上结合其运行中的常见故障,对继电保护光纤通道的维护进行探讨,以此来为今后电力系统的安全运行提供一定的参考依据。     

基于灰色预测法的企业物流成本管理

对企业物流成本构成进行了分解,阐述了灰色预测法应用于企业物流成本预测的具体步骤,最后以A公司为例,应用灰色预测法对其仓储成本进行了分析与预测,证明了方法的有效性。     

安全气囊系统(SRS)的组成与诊断方法

安全气囊(SRS)系统在现代轿车中基本上是作为标准装备,它是一种被动安全保护系统,但它必须与座椅安全带正确配合使用,在汽车发生碰撞时为减轻驾驶员和乘员受伤程度或为其提供有效的保护。目前,很多维修与检测人员对安全气囊(SRS)理解不够,在对安全气囊系统监测和维修时,没有根据说明书,违规操作,使得安全气囊(SRS)意外打开而造成严重事故。     

马克思对古典经济学派资本理论的发展与创新

马克思主义政治经济学是在批判地继承其前人尤其是古典政治经济学的基础上建立起来的,其资本一般理论更是如此。但马克思主义资本理论与古典经济学资本理论有着本质的区别,这主要体现在对资本本质的认识、资本来源的探讨、资本构成的分析、资本积累的研究等几个方面进行了科学的发展与创新。     

浅谈中国信息化人才结构问题及对策

国内外信息化发展的经验表明,人才是关键,人才是根本。人才问题已成为阻碍中国信息化的主要因素之一;人才问题中最主要的问题是人才结构不合理。本文拟对信息化人才的层次和结构进行分析,找出存在的问题,并给出对策。     

Air Pollution and ‘Dirty’ Industries: How and Why Does the Composition of Manufacturing Output Change with Economic Development?

This paper examines the impact on air pollution ofchanges in the composition of manufacturing output indeveloped and developing countries. Pollutionemissions from manufacturing output are estimated ina manner which holds constant the effect of technologyand regulations allowing the impact of compositional changes alone on pollution to beestimated. The paper has three main findings; (1) theinverted-U estimated between per capita income and thepollution intensity of GDP arises due to both thecomposition of manufacturing becoming cleaner and theshare of manufacturing output in GDP falling.Compositional changes alone are not responsible forthe inverted-U between per capita income and percapita emissions; (2) changes to the composition ofmanufacturing output are consistent with the pollutionhaven hypothesis, however there is clear evidence thatrising per capita incomes are associated with afalling income elasticity of demand for `dirty'products. This fact may explain the compositionalchanges that occur with development; (3) in additionto the income elasticity effect, the analysis suggeststhat land prices and to a lesser extent the prices oflabour and capital, determine the proportion of dirtyindustry within a country's manufacturing sector.     

济源市观光采摘旅游效益构成分析

[目的]以河南省济源市为研究对象,探究济源市观光采摘旅游的效益构成,并针对发展中的问题提出相应对策,以期促进济源市观光采摘旅游的健康与可持续发展。[方法]文章采用统计数据分析法和文献分析法。搜集济源市观光采摘旅游相关的数据,分析其对济源市经济、文化等各项发展带来的影响,详细说明济源市观光采摘旅游效益构成。[结果]2008~2015年,济源市观光采摘旅游的人数占旅游总人数比例的年平均增长率41.03%,收入占旅游总收入比例的年平均增长率44.41%;星级酒店数量减少5个;果蔬种植面积和产量年平均增长率为2.41%和3.90%;此外,济源市农产品销售渠道拓宽,消耗能源和排放污染物数量减少。2010~2015年,济源市就业人员年平均增长速率5.83%,失业率减少0.50%,文盲率下降0.07%,大学及以上学历人数增长3.80%。51.4%的游客认为观光采摘旅游等生态休闲旅游增强了自己的环保知识。[结论]济源市观光采摘旅游效益主要由经济效益、生态效益和社会效益构成。经济效益方面:政府和居民收入提高,当地旅游业发展水平提高,农业种植结构得到改善,农业种植效益得以提高,农产品销售渠道得以拓宽;生态效益方面:生态环境得到改善;社会效益方面:当地居民的就业率和文化素质得以提高,社会大众的环保意识得以加强。在以后的观光采摘旅游发展过程中,应发挥当地特有的文化优势并注重提升自我,采取针对性措施解决现存问题。     

Factors influencing repeat visits to a destination: The influence of group composition

This paper is an analysis of the likelihood for repeat visits to a sun and sand destination by tourists. For this purpose, an empirical study was conducted using tourists who had visited the destination. The analysis took into account the travelling group composition. The results showed that, for the total tourist sample, overall satisfaction had the biggest influence on the decision of whether to revisit a destination, while the least important influence was the tourist's perceived image. These influences varied, however, when different travelling group compositions were considered. The results are of vital importance in tourism management policies, because they can contribute to the better design and development of tourism promotion strategies.     

Evaluating store location and department composition based on spatial heterogeneity in sales potential

In this paper, we extend a retail location evaluation model with the possibility to include the effect of department size adaptation at the store level. We relate department-level store sales to a store's competitive and demographic environment, thereby providing richer insights into the drivers of department sales than a model of just aggregate sales. Further, we accommodate heterogeneity in consumer characteristics over space by using zip code level data and unobserved spatial effects in department sales by including spatially autocorrelated error terms.Using spatial panel data for 30 clothing stores belonging to one Dutch retail chain, we demonstrate how to use the modeling approach to analyze and predict sales performance of new and existing stores. We show that the predictive performance of our model is superior to that of a benchmark model that does not include spatial autocorrelation.