农地整治综合效应诊断指标体系及方法

研究目的:构建能较客观地反映和表征农地整治效应的指标体系,并采用相关效应诊断模型定量衡量农地整治对区域经济、社会、环境所产生的影响,为整治项目的规划设计和土地整治专项规划提供支持。研究方法:理论分析法,专家咨询法,层次分析法,综合指数法。研究结果:将农地整治的综合效应分为资源经济效应、社会效应、环境效应和景观效应,分别从这4个方面构建诊断指标;效应的表达用农地整治前后诊断指标值的差异表示,这种表达方式既能体现效应的变化方向,又能表示出效应的强度。研究结论:案例区的实证表明,农地整治效应的诊断指标体系具有可操作性和科学性,效应评估的方法可行。     

农村土地整治创新模式的思考——基于广西壮族自治区崇左市龙州县“小块并大块”的启示

研究目的:分析龙州县"小块并大块"成功的基本经验,为完善农村土地整治制度、建设高标准基本农田提供借鉴。研究方法:通过实地走访、座谈、归纳总结做法及经验,对比现行制度,提出改进完善农村土地整治的建议。研究结果:龙州县开展"结对并地"进而"小块并大块"后,有利于农业机械化作业、产业结构调整和规模经营,促进了农民增收、农业增效。建议进一步改革完善土地整治模式,建立适应农业现代化、经营规模化发展需求的多元化项目选择机制,完善与群众及基层组织主体地位相适应的的项目组织模式,建立面向广大农村农民的普惠制资金安排方式,完善与中国耕地利用基本国情相适应的多层次的工程标准。     

山东省章丘市土地整理项目规划设计的研究

介绍了章丘市土地整理项目的目的、任务和依据,对土地整理项目的整体布局、标准田块的设计、农田水利设施的布置进行了研究．提出了优化后的规划设计方案和实施建议。     

基于可拓学的土地整理潜力分析

耕地整理潜力分析,是土地整理项目可行性研究的一项重要内容。用可拓学的理论,建立耕地整理潜力物元模型和关联函数,运用简单关联函数计算各影响因素的权重,依据关联函数计算各因素的分值,结合权重得出评价单元综合分值来划分耕地整理潜力等级,并以重庆市某镇土地整理项目可行性研究为例,详细介绍该方法在土地整理潜力评价中的应用,证明其可行性。     

What is the policy improvement of China’s land consolidation? Evidence from completed land consolidation projects in Shaanxi Province

Land consolidation plays an important role in increasing cultivated land, improving cultivated land quality and the ecological environment, and promoting the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. However, under the conditions of three decades of land consolidation being conducted and changing urban–rural human–land relationship, the areas of improvement in the land consolidation policy of China must be studied. This article analyzes the implementation and distribution characteristics of the land consolidation project completed in Shaanxi Province in 2018. Results show that land consolidation projects in Shaanxi are mainly land reclamation projects, cropland consolidation projects, and high-standard cropland consolidation projects. The increased cultivated land is mainly from land reclamation projects and cropland consolidation projects. The land consolidation projects in Aeolian Plateau Area, Loess Plateau Area, and Da Ba Mountain Area are mainly land reclamation projects. The land reclamation projects in Guan Zhong Plain Area and Qing Ling Mountain Area account for a large proportion. The spatial distribution of rural settlement consolidation projects, and rural settlement consolidation and land reclamation projects are mainly located in Guan Zhong Plain Area and distributed in the boundary area of Guan Zhong Plain Area and Loess Plateau Area. According to the characteristics of land consolidation projects and the changes of urban–rural human–land relationship, China should be prudent in or stop advancing land reclamation to increase cultivated land; cropland consolidation and high-standard cropland construction are vital ways to achieve China’s food security; and rural settlement consolidation should be carefully conducted in remote areas under the background of urbanization.     

How government-led land consolidation efforts achieve grain production stability? An empirical analysis in Hubei Province,China

China has been conducting massive land consolidation (LC) projects since the late 1990s to ensure national food security which has been one of the common issues in the world. How the implementation of LC projects affects grain production stability is a question should be answered. Basing on an empirical analysis at the county level in Hubei Province, China, this paper separates the trend component and the fluctuation component from a time series of grain production over 1991-2016 using the H-P filtering method. Then we estimate the impacts of LC projects and climate change on the trend and fluctuation rate of grain production for the entire Hubei Province. Moreover, the effects on the production of different major crops for the central, eastern, southwestern, northwestern and northern areas are also examined, respectively. The results show that: (1) the production trends for five subareas and the whole area all have followed a trajectory of “increase-decrease-increase” from 1991 to 2016. The magnitude of fluctuation rate was large but became smaller in recent years. (2) The contribution of LC to the long-term trends of grain production for the entire samples in Hubei Province mainly benefits from the growth in the cultivated land area through LC; more LC investment and newly-added arable land area promote the sudden increase in grain production above the long-term trends, while the impacts of LC area are negative. (3) The impacts of LC on the major crop production vary across areas. LC exerts significant impacts on the production of major crops in the central and eastern Hubei, and this effect persists to the following year. Similarly, this influence also exists in the southwestern and northern area, while becomes insignificant in the following year. No significant effect of LC variables is found in the northwestern area. These findings may provide reference for the government to address LC inefficiency and food security problems, and an effective and innovative mechanism combining the agricultural production, land consolidation and meteorological factors needs to be established to ensure food security and long-term and stable agricultural production. In addition, the regional difference in natural conditions and LC orientations should also be considered.     

六家煤矿北翼运输大巷围岩注浆加固及底板组合锚索

本文介绍了松软岩层在原支护状态被破坏后重新采用注浆及锚网索联合支护维修加固技术的应用方法。     

省级以上土地开发整理项目实施现状及对策——以江苏省如东县为例

以江苏省如东县2001-2013年16个省级以上土地开发整理项目为例,项目实施过程中存在规划设计先天不足、前期准备不细不实、监管不到位、按期竣工难等问题。对比2007年前后项目实施的改革措施,提出四项保证省级以上土地开发整理项目的顺利实施对策:(1)从项目组织者、资金管理和参与者角色等方面调整项目实施管理办法模式;(2)强化基层村组群众参与、质量申报和重点申报意识;(3)从预算审核、报账审查和竣工验收三方面加强资金管理;(4)从廉政建设、项目法人、项目审计、档案管理和综合效益评价等方面完善制度建设。     

Macroeconomic policy cooperation and the G20

Has the G20 achieved its goals in macroeconomic cooperation since 2008? The paper organises the G20's efforts under five themes: macroeconomic stimulus, fiscal consolidation, monetary policy, the global financial safety net and global imbalances. The G20 was initially successful in each of these areas, but this success was short‐lived. While the G20 met its goals on macroeconomic stimulus, it has been less successful in reducing deficits and debt. While it was successful in increasing its resources, the global financial safety net remains too small, too fragmented and institutional reform is incomplete. While the G20 succeeded in moving to more market‐determined exchange rates and avoiding competitive devaluations, it struggled to avoid negative spillovers. Despite years of effort, the G20 has made limited progress in reducing global imbalances. Current account imbalances are creeping back to pre‐crisis levels. Public debt remains high and most economies are moving in the wrong direction in correcting imbalances in household savings and debt. The paper concludes that the G20 has done better in some areas than others. But to suggest the G20 is a forum in decline ignores its shift from reactive crisis response to longer‐term structural challenges outside of the pressing need of an immediate crisis.     

企业集团合并纳税：比较及启示

我国的合并纳税制度目前只针对特批企业,这不利于企业集团之间公平竞争。对企业集团合并纳税范围及不同国家合并纳税模式的比较与分析表明:我国应进一步完善所得税法等法律法规,保证税收公平,积极建设我国的"集团纳税制度"。