基于博弈理论的设计施工联合体行为分析

运用博弈理论及信息经济学,分析了设计施工联合体各主体间的行为动机及相互间影响,结合广州新光快速路工程实践总结了设计施工联合体所取得的经验和启示,为完善设计施工联合体总承包模式提供依据和参考。     

Anatomy of Russia’s market segmentation1

Based on a relationship between price difference and demand difference among locations, the role of various market frictions in causing segmentation of the Russian goods market is analysed. The spatial sample covers most of Russian regions (70 of the 89); the data are annual, spanning 1992 to 2000. Spatial disconnectedness of regions is found to be responsible for about 70 percent of the average price differential, while the rest is caused by ‘artificial’ impediments to market integration such as regional protectionism, organized crime and intra‐region shipping conditions.     

Indigenous Peoples’ Health Care: New approaches to contracting and accountability at the public administration frontier

Abstract

This article analyses reforms to contracting and accountability for indigenous primary health care organizations in Canada, New Zealand, and Australia. The reforms are presented as comparative case studies, the common reform features identified and their implications analysed.

The reforms share important characteristics. Each proceeds from implicit recognition that indigenous organizations are ‘co-principals’ rather than simply agents in their relationship with government funders and regulators. There is a common tendency towards more relational forms of contracting; and tentative attempts to reconceptualize accountability. These ‘frontier’ cases have broad implications for social service contracting.     

合同能源管理（EPC）模式下财务分析相关问题探讨

合同能源管理(EPC)模式是一种节能新机制,可为参与各方提供多赢的结果和发展机会,正在成为企业节能减排的新动力。本文拟探讨EPC模式下如何明确财务分析评价范围、方法和税务等方面的问题。     

Domestic financial market frictions,unrestricted international capital flows,and crises in small open economies

Summary. We present an example of a small open economy where small increases in the world interest rate may induce a sharp decline in output and a precipitous depreciation of the exchange rate. Due to a costly state verification problem in domestic credit markets, combined with unrestricted international capital flows, our economy generates two long-run equilibria, one with low GDP and a relatively depreciated real exchange rate (RER), and one with high GDP and a relatively appreciated RER. The first is always a saddle, while the second may be a sink or a source, depending on the level of the world interest rate. A crisis is identified with the economy switching from an equilibrium path approaching the high-output steady state to the saddlepath approaching the low-output steady state. In Mexicos recent history, periods of growth associated with appreciation of the RER have alternated with periods of sharp contraction and depreciation of the RER. Our economy displays such behavior in response to changes in the world interest rate.Received: 9 April 2002, Revised: 20 March 2003JEL Classification Numbers: E5, F4.G. Antinolfi, E. Huybens: We thank Steve Fazzari, Tim Kehoe, Todd Keister, Manuel Santos, Karl Shell and especially Bruce Smith for very helpful discussions. Jaime Calleja Alderete, Eduardo Camero Godínez, and Juan Vargas Hernández provided excellent research assistance. All remaining errors are ours. Huybens was an assistant professor in the Centro de Investigación Económica, ITAM, at the time this article was written, and part of this work was completed while Antinolfi was a visiting scholar at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. The views expressed herein are those of the authors, and do not reflect those of the World Bank or the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Correspondence to: G. Antinolfi     

Unemployment,Government Spending and the Laffer Effect*

The paper studies the effects of income tax rate changes in a general equilibrium model with frictional unemployment. Laffer curve effects, by which a tax rate reduction may increase the level of government spending or its share in output, are shown to be possible under certain conditions. These are the presence of unemployment benefit payments, government budget balance through fiscal spending adjustment and limited quantitative importance of labour reallocation costs. Endogenous government spending acts as a fiscal accelerator if the fiscal burden of unemployment benefit payments is large, but reduces the employment effects of tax rate cuts if it is low.     

“后危机时代”我国对外工程承包行业的“危”与“机”

美国金融危机对全球经济影响深远,这给国际工程承包市场的尽早复苏蒙上了一层阴影。受其影响,我国对外工程承包行业市场扩张潜力受挫,但我国对外工程承包行业的比较优势尚存,＂核心市场＂依然充满活力,加之国际环境总体缓和,也给我国对外工程承包行业经营全球化提供了契机。不论是政府还是企业,都要利用经济危机后的＂大变动、大调整＂的良好机遇,创造良好的市场环境,加快产业升级,提升我国对外工程承包行业的整体竞争力。     

中美贸易摩擦:动态与理性透视

近年来,中关贸易摩擦不断,表现出新的特点,且有愈演愈烈之势.成为当前影响中美经贸关系健康发展的热点问题.眼下至关重要的是要保持清醒的头脑,辩证、理性地认识中关贸易摩擦.既要看到新形势下中美贸易摩擦的必然性,对其在中美经贸关系发展中可能产生的负面影响给予足够的重视,又必须明确,贸易摩擦并不是中美贸易往来的主流,更应该看到中美贸易摩擦在一定意义上的正面效应.