中国数字化产业竞争力的区域差异与影响效应

本文从规模优势和发展潜力两个维度,提出数字化产业竞争力的测度方法,并以中国上市公司企业数据为基础,探讨区域层面的差异特征;利用半参数模型,从区域与行业双重层面,探究技术创新在数字化产业竞争力提升进程中的影响效应。研究发现：首先,当前中国数字化产业竞争力显著提升,但整体上呈现出由东部沿海向西部内陆递减的阶梯化分布特征,差异突出体现在规模优势层面。其次,技术创新对数字化产业竞争力的提升整体上存在倒U型影响效应,且表现出区域和行业差异。一方面,不同于东部地区,技术创新在中西部地区对数字化产业竞争力发挥着显著的正向推动作用;另一方面,不同于数字化服务业,技术创新对数字化制造业竞争力提升具有持续驱动效应。进一步分析表明,数字化制造业和数字化服务业耦合协调度处于较低的非均衡性状态。     

中国技术创新与产业结构升级的耦合协调关系研究——基于1995-2015年时序数据的测度分析

技术创新能力是促进产业结构调整升级的强大动力,两者之间存在着相互联系、相互促进的良性互动关系。在精心构建技术创新能力与产业结构优化升级评价指标体系的基础上,综合运用熵值法和耦合协调度模型,基于1995-2015年的时序数据,对两者之间的耦合协调关系进行了较深入的实证分析和讨论。分析结果表明,1995-2015年间,特别是进入新世纪以来,中国技术创新能力与产业结构优化升级的综合评价指数以及两者间的耦合协调度总体上均呈现出稳步上升趋势,其中耦合协调度从1995年的0.323增加到2015年的0.643,从严重失调逐步演进到初级协调状态,但其整体耦合协调水平仍然偏低。为更好地促进两者间的协调发展,提出了若干对策建议。     

The South African Financial Cycle and its Relation to Household Deleveraging

This paper considers the extent to which South African households have deleveraged, since the global financial crisis of 2007/2008. We extend the official South African Reserve Bank business cycle methodology to date financial cycles, from which we identify the peaks and troughs of the South African financial cycle going back to 1966. Our composite financial cycle index peaks in April 1974, January 1984 and May 2007; it has bottomed out in July 1979 and February 1999. Thus, we still await the trough. We further compare and contrast the deleveraging process in the current downward phase to the experiences from previous financial cycles. We find that the average period of the financial cycle in South Africa is much longer (approximately 17.3 years) than that of the business cycle (approximately 5.8 years), and that deleveraging has not yet matched the degree of deleveraging seen in previous downward phases. Our results suggest that further deleveraging is necessary, before we can expect to turn the financial corner.     

清水江流域城市生态经济系统协调分异及耦合模式

研究清水江流域城市生态经济系统协调分异及耦合发展模式,可为岩溶城市规划与生态环境建设提供参考。通过构建耦合协调发展评价指标体系,运用熵值法与耦合协调模型对清水江流域2012-2016年城市生态经济系统协调水平、分异状态及耦合模式进行评价与分析。结果表明：城市生态经济系统协调发展经历了“中度失调—轻度失调—勉强协调—中级协调”4个阶段,耦合演进呈现“拮抗—磨合—高水平耦合”模式,当前城市生态经济系统耦合协调发展处于高水平耦合中级协调生态滞后状态;3个小城市生态经济系统耦合协调分异显著,其中福泉市综合水平较优、凯里市居中、都匀市滞后。在此基础上,提出了城市生态经济系统优质协调发展优化对策。     

工业产业结构与工业经济生态协调度关系研究——以江苏省为例

随着我国工业化进程加快,工业经济、生态以及产业结构三者之间的矛盾日益突出。通过构建工业经济、生态综合评价指标体系,采用熵值法、协调度模型、工业产业结构指数工具,测算江苏省13个地级市工业产业结构与工业经济、生态的协调度。研究结果显示,2012-2016年期间,工业经济与生态协调度总体上升,部分城市上升趋势不明显,甚至呈现下降趋势;工业产业结构与协调度关系总体上不明显,但工业产业结构变化与协调度变化存在密切关系。     

Switzerland’s transition from flood defence to flood-adapted land use–A policy coordination perspective

This contribution examines Switzerland’s shift towards integrated flood risk management from a policy coordination perspective. The study applies a heuristic framework of policy coordination to explore how adaption needs promoted cross-sectoral policy coordination between hydraulic engineering and land use planning and enhanced coherence in flood policies targeting extreme flood events. To account for the temporal dimension in policy coordination, the article traces Swiss flood policies back to the early 1800s and distinguishes four phases of policy coordination. Across the four periods, the analysis focuses on (a) the drivers of policy coordination, (b) the manifestation of policy coordination in terms of policy frames, goals, instruments and subsystem involvement, and (c) the performance of policy coordination. Complemented by an in-depth case study of cross-sectoral flood policies in the Swiss canton Nidwalden findings show that the coordination between flood and land use policies has primarily been driven by three factors: (i) extreme floods as focusing events, (ii) an increasing problem pressure, and (iii) strategic reorientations in flood and land use policies. Today, flood risk management in Switzerland displays a high degree of sectoral interplay between hydraulic engineering and spatial planning. By fostering flood-adapted land uses Switzerland’s coordinated flood policies reduce the vulnerability to uncertain future changes in flood risk and strengthen the country’s capacities to mitigate damage in extreme floods events.     

Impact of national policies on patterns of built-up development: an assessment over three decades

Globally, built-up development is taking place at unprecedented rates. To mitigate and limit its effects, recent scientific and spatial planning communities call for built-up management to be addressed on broader scales, from regional to national, and coordinated with multiple policy domains. In this paper, we aimed to analyze the evolution and impact of Romania’s national policies on built-up management during the entire period from the fall of the communist regime to the present. The new perspective offered by our study concerns the use of spatiotemporal built-up development assessment with policy analysis and visualization. Moreover, policies and built-up land changes are addressed in direct relationship with major political events and global economic influences. Our findings reveal that policies were influenced by the communist legacy, accession to the EU and the global economic crisis. Most effective were the policies adopted during the pre-EU accession period and after the economic crisis. The strongest impact on patterns of development came from policies in the domains of transportation, regional development, public administration and the environment.     

中国核电产业国产化发展分析

自第一座军用堆的建成到2019年7月三代核电机组再次获批建设,我国核电经历了长期的发展,进入了核电重启时期。主要简述了不同发展阶段的核电技术路线,核电设备国产化率,以及相关的发展规划。我国核电产业的发展,是核电产业和制造业的奋斗史。核电设备的国产化率在有限的核电项目中不断提高。面对核电国产化过程中遇到的技术难点,我国核电从设计院到制造商共同承担风险,突破困境,实现了三代技术的国产化。在更先进的核电技术需求背景下,核电产业需要建立可持续发展的先进产业设备制造供应管体系。     

销售努力与价格干扰下的回购契约模型分析

实现供应链协调的一个重要方法就是供应链契约,以一个两阶段存货式生产供应链系统为背景,研究了在销售努力可以核实的前提下,零售价格与销售努力水平同时影响市场需求时的回购契约协调问题。首先在集中决策下给出系统最优的订货量、努力水平和零售价格,然后解释了分散决策下传统回购契约失灵的原因。为此,引入基于努力成本共担与最高限价的混合回购契约,实现了供应链协调。最后,通过数值算例对模型进行了检验。     

The Role of Human Resource Management in Strategy Making

Among the strategy scholars, there is general consensus that responsive‐integrative strategy making is essential for ensuring a competitive advantage in contemporary dynamic environments. What is the role of HR in this process, and how can HR support responsive‐integrative strategy making? To answer these questions, we use illustrative experiences from Chr. Hansen, a global supplier of bioscience‐based ingredients to the food, health, and animal feed industries. We argue that HR's strategic role lies in providing support for both centralized and decentralized strategy making by offering aspirations for strategic decisions and by gathering various sources of inspiration for strategy discussions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.