河北张北一带细石器文化遗存

首次发现于张北一带的细石器多见于砂丘风蚀凹坑的底部。该区石器丰富，类型众多，加工精细、匀称、规整，属细石器文化遗存。当时人类处于狩猎采集经济状态，属中石器时代。此发现对于研究河北北部人类活动及演化历史具有重要意义。     

试论"三言"、"二拍"中的商业智慧

明代中叶,随着资本主义的萌芽,商品经济空前繁荣,作为传统的"四民之末"的商人,纷纷登上历史舞台,充分展示了他们的聪明才智.冯梦龙的"三言"和凌濛初的"二拍"描写了许多成功的商人形象,艺术的再现了他们超群的商业智慧,他们审时度势,善抓商机,刻意经营,合理投资,勇于竞争,科学决策,凭自己的智慧赢得了商战的胜利.这些智慧,即使是在商品经济高度发展的今天,也还有着积极的借鉴意义.     

旅游者中位年龄的几个市场指示意义

年龄是旅游市场细分理论中一个重要的社会—人口学变量,不同的年龄结构对细分市场的旅游行为有着重要的影响。然而,在刻画旅游者年龄结构时,无论是在业界实践还是学界研究中,被普遍采用但标准各异的旅游者年龄\"上中下\"分组模式却不可避免地制约了相关研究成果之间纵向或横向的比较与验证,需要发展一条可以沟通联系的纽带。文章试图将中位年龄作为这种可能的纽带引入我国旅游市场研究领域,基于国家旅游局公开发布的旅游者年龄统计数据,提出了旅游市场类型的中位年龄划分标准,并在此基础上进一步探讨了旅游者中位年龄在指示市场结构类型、市场环境波动和市场发展分化方面的后效价值,以期为旅游市场营销与管理提供一定的理论依据。     

Retirement Age Considerations for Central Europe

The paper analyzes the arguments for and possible consequences of an increase in the statutory retirement age in central Europe, including the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. The analysis reflects the current and projected demographic and economic developments, and discerns the long-term trends from the specific aspects of transition. As for the long-term trends, the paper offers a simple framework for calculation of the intergenerational transfers through pensions under different reform scenarios. The calculations confirm that, in the aging central European societies, down-sizing of the existing pay-as-you-go schemes, including an increase in the statutory retirement age, is necessary to sustain solvency and intergenerational fairness in the public provision for retirement. The paper argues, however, that proposals to increase the retirement age in central European countries need to enhance their assessment of the possible counter-productive effects, which may arise due to the low working ability, poor health status and high occupational and environmental risks faced by the population.     

Do demand curves for stocks slope down?: Evidence from aggregate data

We examine whether the aggregate demand curve for stocks is downward sloping. As a proxy for aggregate demand, we use net outflows (dividends plus repurchases less net issues) from the stock market scaled by the previous year's market capitalization. To disentangle the information and price pressure effects from the demand curve effects, we use an information-free demographic variable as an instrument and look at the relation between annual changes in aggregate demand and excess market return. We find that information-free changes in the annual aggregate demand for stocks do not lead to changes in the annual excess market return. This finding supports long-term horizontal demand curves for stocks.     

中西方老年消费者感知年龄维度属性的比较研究

从感觉、视觉、兴趣和行为等4个侧面,对中国老年人进行感知年龄维度属性的本土化检验发现,感知年龄与实足年龄之间差异为4岁,中西方有着较大差异.感知年龄反映文化和社会规范意涵,相对于实足年龄更适于预测老年人的消费行为.