双重网络嵌入性对子公司成长能力有不同影响吗？——基于跨国公司中国子公司的实证研究

运用跨国公司在中国子公司的调查问卷数据,实证检验子公司的内部和外部嵌入性对子公司成长能力的影响,以及组织学习在这一作用过程中的中介效应。研究发现：内部嵌入性能够显著增强子公司成长能力,但外部嵌入性无法显著提高子公司成长能力。组织学习在内部嵌入性与子公司成长能力之间发挥中介作用。研究结果揭示出双重嵌入性对子公司成长能力的不同作用机制,丰富了子公司成长理论,从而为子公司持续成长提供指导。     

组织惯例复制的情境嵌入——基于组织双元性的视角

组织惯例复制作为一种价值创造的战略日 益受到学界的关注,但情境与惯例的互动博弈而引致的复制低效或失效则成为当前“复制困境”理论与实践的关键议题。传统研究着重从外部情境切入,保持对惯例复制的宏观层面分析,本研究则将组织惯例复制视为一种内生性政治进程,强调个体机构和管理的自由裁量权等内源性情境要素的作用机理,由此尝试揭示惯例复制微观机制进程中的情境嵌入机理。本文首先对组织惯例复制的情境依赖机制进行了梳理,指出内部情境嵌入是组织惯例复制的核心,而后引入全新的分析单位——特定业务单元,以展示和刻画复制进程中的“组织情境魔力”,进一步以“理性计算还是情感耦合”和“高管团队介入还是放任”作为业务单元特性维度表述了惯例复制过程中的情境差异性。区分并阐述了惯例复制的两种形态:精准的完全复制和适应性的漂移复制,阐述了两种形态的惯例复制在不同情境机制下对利用性能力和探索性能力的差异性匹配需求,然后结合组织双元性能力培育的四种途径创建了一个二维四象限的组织惯例复制模型,实现了结构双元、情景双元、领导双元和集成双元与组织情境(业务单元特性)的匹配适应。     

Inhabited Actors: Internalizing Institutions through Communication and Actorhood Models

We argue that accounts of relationships among actors, actorhood and institutions are predominantly based on a spatial metaphor of actors operating within institutions. We outline how an inversion of this metaphor – i.e., the perspective that institutions inhabit actors – may prove generative for theory, particularly with respect to recent discussions about the microfoundations of institutions. We outline how communication and actorhood models function as transmission mechanisms of institutions from one actor to another. We conclude with a discussion of how the inverted metaphor of institutions inhabiting actors can be useful for future theoretical developments.     

Political embeddedness and firms’ choices of earnings management strategies in China

We examine whether and how political embeddedness influences financial reporting quality in China by investigating how government ownership and political connections affect Chinese listed firms’ choices of earnings management strategies. The results show that state-owned enterprises (SOEs), and in particular, central SOEs, are more likely to substitute accrual-based earnings management strategies with costlier but less detectable real earnings management strategies than non-SOEs. The results also indicate that politically connected enterprises (PCEs) are more likely to employ less detectable real earnings management strategies than non-PCEs, so much so that PCEs’ total earnings management level is higher than that of non-PCEs.     

主观规范、认知态度对养老服务消费意愿的影响——基于社会嵌入理论

基于社会嵌入理论,依据实地调研数据,采用偏最小二乘结构方程模型,考量主观规范、认知态度对养老服务消费意愿的影响。结果显示：老年人感受到的主观规范越强,其养老服务消费意愿越强,尤其在弱关系场景。主观知识在网络密度与养老服务消费意愿关系中起中介作用,46.99%的网络密度影响通过信息增益实现。异质性检验结果显示：网络密度对60岁以上老年群体的积极影响增强,而网络位置影响转为消极;主观知识对城市地区、高收入、高教育水平老年群体的积极影响更显著,低收入老年消费者群体养老服务消费决策更依赖于社会网络带来的资源改善。鉴于此,可培养老年社群宣传代理人,强化社会规范影响;结合多层次媒体嵌入,营造养老服务消费氛围;实施城乡差异化养老服务推广策略,提升养老服务消费意愿。     

Stay away from fickle supervisor! Supervisors’ behavioral fluctuation diminishing the effect of job embeddedness on employees’ service behavior

This study examined how hotel employees’ job embeddedness influences their in-role and extra-role service behaviors, and under what boundary conditions this influence can be magnified based on the psychological ownership and information-processing theories. Using longitudinal data from a matched sample of 163 hotel employees and their supervisors in China, the moderated mediation analysis revealed that affective commitment mediated the effect of job embeddedness on in-role and extra-role service behaviors, while a supervisr’s behavioral fluctuations moderated the mediation of affective commitment between job embeddedness and in-role and extra-role service behaviors; this mediation effect was stronger for employees with a supervisor exhibiting stable behaviors. These findings provide theoretical and managerial implications for tourism researchers and practitioners.     

The effects of high-performance work practices and job embeddedness on flight attendants' performance outcomes

This paper proposes and tests a conceptual model that investigates job embeddedness (JE) as a mediator of the effects of high-performance work practices (HPWPs), as manifested by selective staffing, job security, training, empowerment, rewards, teamwork, and career opportunities, on creative performance (CP) and extra-role customer service (ERCS). Data obtained from flight attendants with a time lag of two weeks in Iran were used to test the aforementioned relationships through structural equation modeling. The results suggest that JE functions as a full mediator of the joint effects of HPWPs on performance outcomes. Specifically, HPWPs jointly enhance JE. JE in turn leads to elevated levels of CP and ERCS. Implications of the results are discussed and future research directions are offered.     

The strategic impact of external networks: subsidiary performance and competence development in the multinational corporation

This paper explores the importance of relational embeddedness in external networks as a strategic resource for performance and competence development in multinational corporations (MNCs). Two different types of relational embeddedness at the subsidiary level—business embeddedness and technical embeddedness—are proposed to have an influence on the subsidiary's market performance as well as its importance for competence development in the MNC. Using data on 97 Swedish MNC subsidiaries, five hypotheses are tested in a LISREL model analysis. The results suggest that technical embeddedness has a positive impact on both the subsidiary expected performance and its role in the development of products and production processes in the MNC. Indirectly, through external technical embeddedness, external business embeddedness also influences the sister units' product and process development and subsidiary market performance. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Linking family-to-business enrichment and support to entrepreneurial success: Do female and male entrepreneurs experience different outcomes?

This study used survey data from 253 entrepreneurs who founded small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs) to examine how experiences in their family domain may benefit their experiences in their business domain. Specifically, it hypothesized that affective family-to-business enrichment, instrumental family-to-business enrichment, and family-to-business support would be positively related to entrepreneurial success and that each relationship would be more positive for female entrepreneurs than male entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurial success was assessed by economic measures (business performance, growth in employment) and measures of satisfaction with the entrepreneurial experience (satisfaction with status, satisfaction with employee relationships). Results offered substantial support for the notion that female entrepreneurs benefit from the linkages of family-to-business enrichment and support to entrepreneurial success, whereas they offered no support for the notion that male entrepreneurs benefit from these linkages. Female entrepreneurs may experience such benefits because of their relative lack of access to other resources such as human, social, and financial capital and because the female gender role encourages them to pursue work–family synergies. In contrast, male entrepreneurs may fail to experience such benefits because of the relative abundance of other resources available to them and because the male gender role discourages them from pursuing work–family synergies.