新时期非典型雇佣的发展趋势及策略分析

非典型雇佣方式的快速发展和演化,使雇佣关系向组织外部转移的趋势越来越明显,市场对雇佣关系的控制力越来越大,单纯依靠企业内部的管理尚不能完成对非典型雇佣方式的管理,由此引发了非典型雇佣发展的一系列突出问题。金融危机背景下,企业为重获成本优势越来越依赖于非典型雇佣方式,使非典型雇佣方式越来越普及化,这就意味着,市场和政府必须对此进行合理的引导和规范,企业要健全人力资源管理体系,本文将针对非典型雇佣方式发展遇到的问题进行策略分析。     

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults: Will This Be the Greatest Challenge for Employment Discrimination Law?

This article examines the issues surrounding the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Recently, medical research has shown that ADHD, which had formerly been thought to be a childhood impairment, in many cases persists into adulthood. Because of the projected prevalence and severity of the disorder, ADHD has the potential to be a critical employment issue as well. This article begins with an examination of the current state of knowledge regarding ADHD. Then, attention is turned to the intersection of ADHD and the ADA. Three central questions are then addressed. These include whether ADHD is a covered condition under the ADA and how ADHD might enter into the employment selection process, and finally, the question of how employers can and should provide reasonable accommodation to ADHD-affected employees. A concluding discussion addresses how the convergence of ADHD and the ADA could become the health issue of the 1990s and beyond for both individual employers and employment law in general.     

旅游经济:需求流动型的群簇经济

旅游经济在国民经济尤其是就业中日益凸显出其重要性。与传统的供给流动型不同,旅游经济是需求流动型的群簇经济,并且内生了信息传递和诚信经营的要求,同时也内生了不同的规模经济实现方式和消费时间要求。     

Outward FDI and Local Employment Growth in Italy

Using several data sources, we assess the impact of Italy’s outward foreign direct investment (FDI) on local employment growth between 1996 and 2001 for 12 manufacturing industries and 103 administrative provinces. Our main result is that, controlling for the local industrial structure and area fixed effects, FDI is associated with faster local employment growth, relatively to the national industry average. We also find that employment in small plants is not negatively influenced by higher levels of FDI. Our findings do not support therefore the idea that FDI is detrimental to local employment growth in the home country. JEL no.  C21, F21, F23     

IS THERE EVIDENCE OF A WAGE PENALTY TO FEMALE PART‐TIME EMPLOYMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA?

In this paper, we investigate female part‐time employment in South Africa. Using household survey data for South Africa from 1995 to 2004, we show that women are over‐represented in part‐time employment, and that the growth in part‐time work has been an important feature of the feminisation of the labour force. In contrast to many studies of part‐time work in other countries, however, we find evidence of a significant wage premium to female part‐time employment. The premium is also robust to fixed effects estimations using Labour Force Survey panel data from 2001 to 2004, where controlling for unobservable differences increases its size. The premium persists with different hourly thresholds defining part‐time employment and when we account for possible reporting errors in hours worked.     

平衡劳动者与用人单位利益的新规范

《劳动合同法》首次从法律高度明确掌握企业商业秘密的劳动者具有竞业限制义务。文章认为,在保护劳动者合法权益和防止商业秘密侵权之间保持平衡是竞业限制产生的背景;竞业限制的依据包括法律依据、忠实义务、诚信原则和经济学依据;着重从目的合理、对象合理、限制范围合理、限制地域合理、限制期限合理、补偿给付合理等方面对竞业限制的合理性进行探讨。     

Sign This Agreement Not to Compete or You're Fired! Noncompete Agreements and the Public Policy Exception to Employment at Will

A California jury recently awarded an employee who was fired for refusing to sign a noncompete agreement $1.2 million in damages for wrongful discharge. Whether employees have a right to refuse to sign unenforceable noncompete agreements is an emerging employment law issue. This article considers whether a wrongful discharge remedy is available in such cases under the public policy exception to the employment-at-will doctrine. State court decisions addressing the question are conflicting. Some courts have allowed employers to discharge employees who refuse to sign a noncompete agreement even if the agreement is unreasonable. Other courts have recognized a claim for damages under the public policy exception. This article explores the issue from policy and managerial perspectives, critically analyzing the policy justifications advanced by the courts in those decisions, and comments on the liability risks to employers and the proper resolution of the issue.     

加入WTO后对我国就业的影响

分析了加入WTO后，对我国就业的积极促进作用，以及近期对一些企业的冲击，带来的就业困难。     

Choices between different off-farm employment sub-categories: An empirical analysis for Jiangxi Province, China

This paper analyzes the relative importance of four sub-categories of off-farm employment, and the factors driving participation of individuals in these sub-categories for three villages in Jiangxi Province. We find that migration is the most important type of off-farm employment, while agricultural wage employment is a minor activity. Migrant remittances are smaller than household incomes earned from self-employment and local non-farm employment. The results of a multinomial probit analysis explaining off-farm participation decisions show that presence of young children in a household restrains participation in migration, while the presence of elderly persons and a higher level of education stimulate migration. Local wage employment and self-employment are not affected by these factors. The gender bias in access to off-farm employment is largest for agricultural employment and local non-agricultural employment. Land scarcity stimulates participation in migration and local non-agricultural employment, while possibilities to rent land out to other farmers stimulate only migration. The paper ends with policy suggestions for promoting off-farm employment within the own region and for altering the criteria for land distribution to rural households.     

Optimal Investment and Consumption With Two Bonds and Transaction Costs1

An agent can invest in a high-yield bond and a low-yield bond, holding either long or short positions in either asset. Any movement of money between these two assets incurs a transaction cost proportional to the size of the transaction. the low-yield bond is liquid in the sense that wealth invested in this bond can be consumed directly without a transaction cost; wealth invested in the high-yield bond can be consumed only by first moving it into the low-yield bond. the problem of optimal consumption and investment on an infinite planning horizon is solved for a class of utility functions larger than the class of power functions.