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111.
Suri Ratnapala 《Constitutional Political Economy》2001,12(1):51-75
This essay revisits the evolutionist writingsof the eighteenth century to clarify their key ideas concerninglegal and social evolution and to assess their relevance in thepresent era of pervasive legislation. The discovery of the principleof the accumulation of design is traced to these writings andthe continuity of twentieth century spontaneous-order theoryand new institutional economics with this tradition is noted.While highlighting the contributions of other institutional theoriststo the elucidation of the role of purposive action in legal evolution,the author argues that input designing does not alter the fundamentalnature of legal emergence as postulated by the eighteenth centuryscholars. The essay supports the ideal of legal generality, freespeech, property and contractual freedom as normative implicationsof the evolutionary viewpoint. 相似文献
112.
Scott J. Grawe Patricia J. Daugherty Anthony S. Roath 《Journal of Business Logistics》2011,32(1):69-80
Research results are presented providing an empirical examination of the impact of knowledge synthesis and innovative logistics processes on operational flexibility. The research is theoretically grounded in the resource‐based view of the firm, augmented with the knowledge‐based view. Knowledge synthesis and innovative logistics processes are proposed as key resources in the development of an important logistics capability: operational flexibility. A structural model analysis of survey data collected from logistics executives supports the proposed relationships and indicates that innovative logistics processes can lead to greater operational flexibility. Operational flexibility is also shown to lead to higher levels of logistics performance. 相似文献
113.
Todd J. Zywicki 《Journal of Bioeconomics》1999,1(3):241-261
In 'The Nature of Constitutions', Mark Grady & Michael McGuire provide a model of the evolution and purposes of constitutions as arising to minimize appropriation by dominants of subordinates. This Comment builds on Grady & McGuire's article in three ways. First, it supplements their analysis by operationalizing a model of constitutional evolution that views constitutions as arising out of the conflict of competing high-ranking individuals to preserve their own authority. From this clash of self-interest of dominant individuals, constitutions are born. This predicts that constitutions will not simply tame all forms of appropriation, but will also hard-wire some forms of appropriation behavior into the permanent constitutional structure. Second, it examines the American constitution in light of this model to show how that constitution reflects the mixture of appropriation and appropriation-taming behavior. Third, this Comment argues that the breakdown of constitutionalism in the United States this century can be explained by a failure to fully appreciate the purposes of constitutionalism in a biological framework. 相似文献
114.
Ricky Yee-kwong Reference to Chan Y. H. Reference to Wong 《International Business Review》1999,8(5-6)
This study examines banks' competitive strategies and their relationship with performance in a highly internationalized banking center, Hong Kong. The factor analysis results have, by and large, provided support to Porter's three strategy typology. Nevertheless, the empirical findings from the cluster analysis and the subsequent inter-group comparison of performances have cast doubt on Porter's stuck-in-the-middle proposition by demonstrating that banks adopting a multi-strategic approach did outperform other strategically monotonous rivals. While the stuck-in-the-middle proposition is grounded in the premise of inherent inconsistencies for pursuing more than one generic strategy simultaneously, the resource-based view and the present empirical findings hint at the feasibility for well-resourced banks to combine apparently incompatible value creating activities in a synergistic way to achieve integrated flexibility and consequently, a sustainable multi-strategic position. It is suggested that this feasibility very much depends on a bank's organizing and coordinating capabilities that are developed and refined through managerial commitment, learning and experience, as well as a careful assessment of various organizational activities and its inter-relationships within the entire business system. 相似文献
115.
Frederick W. Rankin John B. Van Huyck Raymond C. Battalio 《Games and Economic Behavior》2000,32(2):285
This paper reports evidence on the origin of convention in laboratory cohorts confronting similar but not identical strategic situations repeatedly. The experiment preserves the action space of the game, while randomly perturbing the payoffs and scrambling the action labels in an effort to blunt the salience of retrospective selection principles. Hence, the similarity between stage games is reduced to certain strategic details, like efficiency, security, and risk dominance. Nevertheless, we do observe conventions emerging in half of the laboratory cohorts. When a convention emerges subjects's behavior conforms to the selection principles of efficiency rather than security or risk dominance. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: C72, C78, C92, D83. 相似文献
116.
Unlike previous studies which only focus on the main effect between IC and FV, this research includes PTE with the gap of resource-based view. IC is a key element in creating a competitive advantage, as it has a great influence on FV. A company may put relatively less into IC if it demonstrates higher efficiency. However, previous studies have neglected the fact that relative efficiency and IC affect FV and stock returns directly and indirectly. The research period was from 2006 to 2010 and the main research methods include HRA and DEA. The main research findings include the following. (1) There is a space for improvement in terms of the total technical efficiency. (2) PTE has a significant moderating effect between IC and FV. (3) IC and PTE have a significant influence on FV. (4) Apart from PTE and stock returns, IC and FV show significant differences within the sub-industry. 相似文献
117.
近年来,地方政府超出法律范围制定优惠政策尤其是税收优惠政策来吸引客商的现象时有发生,给我国带来了消极影响。税收在招商引资工作中应如何发挥作用成了摆在我们面前的一个重大问题。十六届三中全会提出的科学发展观对我国各项事业的发展都具有普遍的指导意义。本文正是从科学发展观的要求出发,重新定位了税收在招商引资工作中的角色,并试着提出了相应的措施。 相似文献
118.
邓小平的富裕观具有广阔的世界视角。体现在:中国人民的富裕要同世界的发展紧密相连;中国富裕的前提是大胆借鉴资本主义国家的文明成果;富裕起来的中国会成为维护世界和平的中坚力量。邓小平富裕观的世界视角,使中国走向富裕的道路越来越宽。 相似文献
119.
Joëlle Noailly Cees A. Withagen Jeroen C. J. M. van den Bergh 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2007,36(1):113-141
We study the conditions for the emergence of cooperation in a spatial common-pool resource (CPR) game. We consider three types
of agents: cooperators, defectors and enforcers. The role of enforcers is to punish defectors for overharvesting the resource.
Agents are located on a circle and they only observe the actions of their two nearest neighbors. Their payoffs are determined
by both local and global interactions and they modify their actions by imitating the strategy in their neighborhood with the
highest average payoffs on average. Using theoretical and numerical analysis, we find a large diversity of equilibria to be
the outcome of the game. In particular, we find conditions for the occurrence of equilibria in which the three strategies
coexist. We also derive the stability of these equilibria. Finally, we show that introducing resource dynamics in the system
favors the occurrence of cooperative equilibria.
相似文献
120.
企业家在一国经济发展中起着举足轻重的作用,影响企业家成长过程的因素很多,但在我国由计划经济向市场经济转型的特殊时期,其制度环境(政治、经济和文化等)对企业家成长的影响尤为突出。企业家的成长是一个历史过程,随着市场经济的出现而逐渐演化而成,因此从演化的角度能够更清晰地分析企业家的成长。本文通过模型分析得出:企业家在一个环境中活动所获得的收益和付出的成本将很大程度上影响企业家的成长,安徽模式在短期内难以向江浙模式演变。 相似文献