GAME THEORETIC MODELS OF MIXED OLIGOPOLY

Abstract. In this paper we review various models that have been proposed for the study of mixed oligopoly, that is markets in which private and public firm compete on equal basis using only market instruments.     

基于生命周期的虚拟企业知识活动分析及其伙伴选择过程研究

随着新经济的到来,知识越来越成为企业快速响应市场机遇和获取竞争优势的最短缺资源.而企业自身知识资源的有限性使企业越来越多地采用虚拟企业的高级形态--知识联盟型虚拟企业来弥补企业知识资源的不足以快速响应变化的市场需求.本文首先对知识联盟型虚拟企业的知识缺口类型进行研究和划分,然后分析并描述虚拟企业生命周期各阶段的知识活动;在此基础之上,探讨虚拟企业组建阶段考虑知识要素的伙伴选择过程;最后,针对不同的知识缺口,提出伙伴选择过程的评价指标体系设计中应考虑的知识性因素.     

企业生产行为的优化方法分析

优化方法是经济学中常用的一种数学方法。在微观经济学中,企业的生产行为的目的是追求利润最大化,其生产法则是由优化方法得出的。这里分析了单一目标和多目标下的企业决策的优化方法。     

企业规模边界的系统审视——基于马克思主义协作系统观的视角

新制度主义从交换关系出发,认为企业规模扩展的界限是企业的边际组织成本与市场的边际交易成本相等之点;而古典主义则从企业核心的生产功能出发,认为企业规模扩展的界限也就在于企业的边际协调收益与市场的边际协调收益相等之点。文章借鉴马克思的协作观对新制度主义企业理论进行了修补,并进而探究了体现协作系统这一企业本质的社会合理规模界限:企业的净边际协调收益与企业的净边际组织成本相等之点;同时,又借鉴马克思的异化观考察了企业组织发生异化后所衍生出来的收益转移效应以及相应企业规模。在此基础上,文章得出了两个基本结论:企业的现实规模通常要大于企业的社会合理规模;并且,随着企业形态偏离协作系统这一本质的程度不同,企业规模也存在明显的差异。     

复杂性科学观下的高科技企业成长机制与成长指数设刮

复杂性科学打破了线性、均衡、简单还原的传统范式，开创了一种非线性、演化、复杂系统的新范式。高科技企业的成长由于具有非线性、动态性和自组织等复杂系统的基本特征，更适合于纳入到复杂性科学的新范式中研究。本文从高科技企业成长机制的复杂性特征入手，分析其成长机理，构建高科技企业适应性成长机制模型，并采用成长指数对高科技企业成长性进行评价，试图进行这方面的一些开创性研究。     

Mixed Duopoly,Merger and Multiproduct Firms

The literature on mergers has extensively analyzed the decision to merge by private firms, but it has not considered the decision to merge by private and public firms. We assume that when a private firm and a public firm merge (or when one of them acquires the other), they set up a multiproduct firm in which the government owns an exogenous percentage stake. In this framework, we show that the decision to merge by firms depends on the degree to which goods are substitutes and on the percentage of the shares owned by the government in the multiproduct firm.     

声誉激励、财务重述与审计费用

选取2001—2016年深沪两市主板上市公司为研究样本,实证检验财务重述对审计费用的影响。结果表明：财务重述与审计费用显著正相关,发生财务重述的公司审计费用显著高于没有财务重述的公司;发生财务重述的公司具有变更事务所和购买审计意见的动机倾向,行业竞争激烈加剧了事务所间的恶意竞争,事务所有可能蓄意降低审计费用招揽有财务重述的低端公司客户;由于声誉激励效应,声誉良好的大规模事务所对财务重述的公司所收取的审计费用显著升高,形成事务所竞争的“马太效应”。     

所有权结构、股价波动异步性与上市公司现金持有价值

股价中包含了较多的企业特质信息或者信息噪声都可能导致企业股价异步性现象。股权集中程度越高,其股价吸收企业特质信息的效率越低。借鉴Faulkender和Wang(2006)以及Dittar和Mahrt-Smith(2007)提出的衡量现金持有价值的方法,本文系统检验了2003～2006年我国A股上市企业的股价异步性与资金效率的关系。实证检验发现,其他情形相同的情况下,股价异步性与现金持有价值呈显著正相关关系,然而这种显著的正相关关系主要体现在股权分散的企业和非国有企业中。可见,所有权结构安排和股权性质是影响股价信息含量以及股价在资本配置过程中的发挥基础性作用的决定因素。     

How the Internet Promotes China's Exports: A Firm‐level Perspective

The development of information and communications technology (ICT), particularly the Internet, has reduced trade costs. However, it remains unclear whether these reduced costs are reflected in the “extensive margins” of firms’ exports (which refer to the probability of firms exporting) or the “intensive margins” (which refer to the value of firms’ export). To test this, we used the concepts of information cost and binary margins, an augmented trade model of firm heterogeneity, a two‐stage Heckman estimation, and data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey of Chinese firms in 2012. The results revealed that reduced trade costs from the use of ICT were positively related to extensive margins but that the connection with intensive margins was not significant. The results lead to the conclusion that reduced information costs related to a firm's exporting behavior were primarily reflected in variable trade costs. This study offers theoretical and empirical evidence for China's policies towards the Internet, which are relevant for the export of manufactured goods. The government should encourage the use of ICT to enhance firms’ export opportunities while facing current trade policy uncertainty.     

A capabilities perspective on the joint effects of internationalization time,speed, geographic scope and managers’ competencies on SME survival

This study examines the effect of key internationalization contingencies on SME survival. We argue early internationalization increases the probability of firm failure, while international experience reduces it. However, the survival odds among international new ventures may be improved by their post-entry international expansion scope and speed, and by managers’ competencies. These internationalization facets provide firms with opportunities to develop and exploit their resources and capabilities, and thus enhance their survival chances. Drawing on a sample of 271 manufacturers followed between 2005 and 2014, we find results that provide support to most of our arguments, and hold theoretical and managerial relevance.